Prefabrication: an essential strategy for certainty in sustainable housing. Daiman Otto Tall Wood Limited PrefabNZ #SHSummit2016

Transcription

1 Prefabrication: an essential strategy for certainty in sustainable housing. Daiman Otto Tall Wood Limited PrefabNZ #SHSummit2016

2 Construction is unique in its persistent unpredictability. Sustainability & Affordability Buildings are simple, yet conventional production processes are fractured, amnesic & bespoke. A missing ingredient in sustainable & affordable housing is certainty. And a missing factor in getting sustainable design incorporated as a base case is the lack of planning, the subsequent need for reverse engineering and a general misunderstanding of the critical relationships between elements.

3 Case Make Study no 1: mistake: our Homes industry of Choice is overdue for Disruption/Massive change Construction sector productivity the devil s in the detail Evidence Workstream, Construction Sector Productivity Partnership, 2011

4 PrefabNZ 5 Year Impact Report March 2015

5 McKinsey Global Institute - A blueprint for addressing the global affordable housing challenge October 2014 Case Study 1: Homes of Choice

6 Prefabrication is where process meets product. What is Prefabrication? Prefab is not a building, nor a dirty word. It s not about everything being the same. It is a deep-thinking practice in search of certainty & mixes design, building and compliance work streams with supply chain inputs and risk, time & cost management. It is not business as usual it is business and design invention. Better processes = better products.

7 Anything that can be programmed, will be programmed (software will eat the world). The Singularity Is Near Historically low utilisation of technology to unlock certainty in design & construction is coming to an end. There is no impediment or lack of existing solutions to ensure that from day one, you can know 80% of the everything of your building. Massive change is here. Wood Innovation Design Centre (WIDC) in Prince George, British Columbia. Michael Green Architecture.

8 Current Prefabrication is mostly about mass-duplication that will change. Duplication Current procurement channels deliver buildings on the 80/20 rule which is a great start (knowing 80% of your project from day one). Mass customisation is coming but structural repetition is critical to ensuring performance & reliability. Proper production processes unlock value even without scale (in NZ remove scale as a driver). Stadthaus, Murray Grove, Thaugh & Whistleton, London

9 In New Zealand, you buy a home with the next buyer in mind. Diversity Typically, that buyer is a family with 3 kids. Actually no: the fastest rising demographic in the western world is the single-person household. We are designing for imaginary people: Design & build with evidence & fill the typology shortage. Strandparken by Wingardhs, Sweden

10 So, if we design for real people, then density follows. Density Land prices are high, but there are other ways to use a site than by building a big, dumb house. Create two houses, or four terraces, or eight 2 bedroom apartments, or sixteen studios. Add a ton of amenity & individualisation (design thinking) not everyone is the same. Plan with the end in mind.

11 Leaky buildings, damp & low quality, seismic strengthening* we pay dearly for lack of vision. Quality In Auckland (at least), we have a chance not to remediate, but replace poor building stock with a one-time density increase that makes economic sense. Tear down these buildings (& champion innovative funding models)! *89,000 buildings and $23B; 300,000 rental homes with upgrade costs of up to $12,000 each; 30,000 buildings and $777M; plus asbestos, structural noncompliance, fire issues etc. Framework / Works Partnership Architecture, Portland, Oregon

12 Key Points: 1. Know your market & client question everything 2. Know who is actually going to supply what you make 3. Know who is actually going to make what you design 4. Idea s aren t scarce, but execution is 5. HomeStar/H1/Thermal Model early this informs facade design, aesthetics, mechanical, acoustics, fire & fabrication, therefore cost 6. Understand triggers & thresholds e.g. over 10m high = fire & E2 issues 7. Every decision (without exception) has cost, scope & time impacts so bring everyone on board early to learn feedback loops 8. Scale follows productivity, not the reverse 9. Traditional tendering is a dead-end manage risk through prequalification, collaboration, shared interest & openness 10. Prototype, simulate and explore options for every part of the process Prefabrication Design Primer for Housing

13 Tall Wood Project Platform excerpt 150+ variables measured Current Simulate and Measure: if you can know something, know it

14 01. Homes of Choice 02. Makers of Architecture 03. ARKit 04. UNIPod 05. Tall Wood Case Studies

15 Social SpeedHousing: Prediction & Simulation 01.

16 Social SpeedHousing: Combination & Community 01.

17 Social SpeedHousing: Reverse engineering the use case 01.

18 Makers of Architecture: Process-led prefabrication 02.

19 Makers of Speed Architecture: Fabrication 02.

20 Makers of Architecture: Assembly 02.

21 Makers of Architecture: Finished Product 02.

22 ARKit Bath House, 2007 Offgrid Retreat 30m2 Self-funded, self driven prototyping 03.

23 ARKit Ecostudio, m2 Commitment to a cause 03.

24 ARKit Light House, 2015 Family of 5 120m2 03.

25 ARKit Light House, 2015 Family of 5 120m2 04.

26 Tall Wood: why tall timber buildings?

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28 Tall timber structural systems are many & varied. Flexibility Like conventional systems, tall timber buildings will be assembled from a range of engineered timber components, steel & concrete. We need flexible buildings for futureproofing & responsiveness to our different conditions - there is no perfect material, only perfect assemblies. IZM - Illwerke center Montafon Vandans, Austria, Hermann Kaufmann

29 Unlock non-viable sites for more density. Lightness New Zealand has many and varied soil types. To build conventionally, you build heavily. Due to geotechnical risk & limited thinking, our clients end up paying for depth and thickness underground. Timber is light, therefore in-ground work is light & cheaper. Forte Building, Lend Lease, Melbourne

30 A kit of parts approach is the right place to start. Simplicity Working with the constraints of any material leads to material & resource efficiencies that benefit cost and time. Engineered timber is a precisely manufactured, renewable material that is easily understood & expressed. And, compliance is easier to demonstrate too.

31 Yep. Compared with conventional construction, tall timber buildings (3-7+ levels) is cheaper by 9 to 14% in one recent study by the FWPA, January 2015*. Affordability So, a tiny fraction of the market is cheaper than the vast majority of the market We reckon its going to get more affordable too. *See Chäserrugg, Toggenburg / Herzog & de Meuron, Switzerland

32 The Tallest, Smallest Building. Onehunga 223m2 site 5 levels 12 units/14 people 792people/ha 5 cars Rooftop garden 550m to train station

33 Inner Urban Mixed-use. Grey Lynn 538m2 site 4 levels 4 units/16 people Commercial Space

34 Critical Affordable Housing Central Otago 5196m2 site 6 levels x 2 unbuildable site