Iowa Mutual Insurance Association Wick Buildings, Inc. 405 Walter Road P.O. Box 38 Mazomanie, WI WickBuildings.

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1 Welcome Iowa Mutual Insurance Association Wick Buildings, Inc. 405 Walter Road P.O. Box 38 Mazomanie, WI WickBuildings.com

2 Wick Buildings, Inc. Larry Edema Have been with Wick Buildings for over 25 years Vice President of the Corporation National Sales Manager Past-chair of the NFBA Served on the Board for over 13 years.

3 Wick Buildings, Inc. Founded in 1954 by John F. Wick, Sr. (Over 180 employees) Manufacturer of post-frame building packages Over 73,720+ buildings completed (08/22/17) National headquarters in Mazomanie, Wisconsin Manufacturing facility/training center in Mazomanie, Wisconsin Over Builders serving 16 states Complete in-house Engineering, R&D, and Information Systems Buildings delivered on Wick tractor-trailers and offloaded

4 Wick Buildings, Inc. National Headquarters Mazomanie, Wisconsin

5 Post-Frame Building Construction Market Share Commercial 27% Agricultural 45% Equine 3.5% Suburban 24.5%

6 Introduction to Post-Frame Building Systems

7 Learning Objectives Identify the versatility and range of applications for post-frame building systems Identify the structural features that make postframe building systems unique Introduce the basic design methods for structural design of post-frame building systems Identify the available resources for design of postframe building systems Identify key performance characteristics of postframe building systems

8 POST-FRAME BUILDINGS: A LIGHT-COMMERCIAL MAINSTAY

9 With so many structural framing options, building functions, and architectural finishes, post-frame building systems are limited only by the architect s imagination and creativity.

10 Post-frame contributes very well to both the environment and the value for your dollar. Cheryl Ciecko, ALA AIA LEED AP CSI GGP, technical director, WoodWorks, a nonprofit initiative of the Wood Products Council

11 Versatility and range of applications Structural features that make these systems unique Key performance characteristics LEARNING OBJECTIVES Resources for designing post-frame building systems

12 WHAT IS POST-FRAME? Many architects, design professionals, code officials and insurance companies are unfamiliar with post-frame It is not commonly included in traditional architectural school curricula They incorrectly equate post-frame construction with post-and-beam construction They think post-frame is only for agricultural buildings (i.e., barns, storage facilities, or horse facilities)

13 POST-FRAME IS EVERYWHERE

14 CONVENIENCE STORES

15 RESTAURANTS

16 COMMERCIAL OFFICES AND VETERINARY CLINICS

17 RELIGIOUS SPACES

18 PRIVATE HOMES

19 PRIVATE HOMES

20 PUBLIC BUILDINGS

21 COMMUNITY BUILDINGS

22 RECEPTION HALLS

23 RETAIL STORES

24 POST-AND-BEAM CONSTRUCTION Pinned Connection Girder (Beam) Post Floor Concrete Pier Continuous Footer or Pier Foundation

25 POST-AND-BEAM CONSTRUCTION Post Girder (Beam) Purlin

26 Truss-to-Post Connection THIS IS POST-FRAME Primary Frames Clear Span Truss Wood Column Embedded Post Foundation Figure 1: Post-frame building with trusses supported by embedded posts

27 Roof Purlin THIS IS POST-FRAME Wall Girt Figure 2: Post-frame building mounted on a concrete stem wall

28 PRIMARY FEATURES OF POST-FRAME Sheathing Selection of ceiling & wall coverings for interior finished buildings Purlins Overhangs and decorative mansards Truss Wainscot options Column size determined for roof & wind loads Wood columns Wall girts

29 PRIMARY FEATURES OF POST-FRAME Splash plank Concrete sized to meet wind loads Splash plank Columns sized to meet wind loads Steel anchor designed to resist wind loads Treated sill plate Splash plank Columns sized to meet wind loads Steel anchor designed to resist wind loads Treated sill plate Engineered concrete footings Treated column anchors to resist wind uplift Frost wall and footing with any required reinforcement Thickened edge Monolithic concrete slab

30 THIS IS POST-FRAME PLAN VIEW Purlin (24 o.c.) Post Girder (Header for openings) Clear Span Truss

31 KEY FEATURES OF POST-FRAME Cross section Truss Purlins Splashboard Girts Eave Height Clear Span Sidewall Post Post Height Post Foundation Post Footing

32 KEY FEATURES OF POST-FRAME Wood sidewall columns Wide bay spacing - 8 ft. and greater Large clear spans - up to 100 ft. Embedded wood columns or concrete piers Attached wall and roof sheathing or cladding form structural shearwall/structural diaphragm system for resisting lateral loads

33 WOOD SIDEWALL COLUMNS Solid-sawn, glued-laminated, or mechanically (nail) laminated wood Nominal 6x6, 6x8, 8x8 or 8x10 cross section Typically spaced 4, 6, 8, 12 or 16 ft. on center along sidewall Any portion of the wood post embedded directly into the ground and 6-12 in. above grade is pressure preservative treated to AWPArecommended levels for ground contact

34 Spliced glued-laminated column 3-ply or 4-ply, fabricated with 2x lumber Lower portion is preservative treated Upper portion is untreated WOOD SIDEWALL COLUMN

35 WOOD SIDEWALL COLUMNS Nail-laminated posts with treated bottom spliced to untreated top Preservativetreated splash board

36 WOOD SIDEWALL COLUMNS Untreated Post Concrete Pier

37 Posts embedded in the ground, specify: o Use category UC4B or better per AWPA- U1-09 o e.g., CCA@0.60 pcf PRESSURE PRESERVATIVE TREATMENTS

38 POST FOUNDATION OPTIONS: EMBEDDED TREATED COLUMNS Treatment stamp

39 PRECAST OR CAST-IN-PLACE REINFORCED CONCRETE PIER Pre-cast reinforced concrete pier with post attached above grade Entire assembly pre-engineered Assembly usually fabricated in factory and shipped to site as a single unit

40 PRE-CAST REINFORCED CONCRETE PIER Reinforcement Cleat

41 Cast-in-Place Concrete Foundation Wall CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALL Untreated Post Connection Hardware

42 THICKENED CONCRETE SLAB

43 THICKENED CONCRETE SLAB

44 PROTECTIVE POST COVERS Blow-molded plastic or HDPE plastic protective barriers Provide moisture and insect protection Enhance protection of copperbased chemical treated wood posts or laminated columns

45 ROOF FRAMING Pre-engineered metal plate connected 2x lumber trusses typically spaced 4-8 ft. on center Heavier timber trusses for larger post and truss spacings and aesthetic requirements Solid-sawn wood rafters spaced 2-4 ft. on center for shorter clear spans Glulam rafters for larger rafter spacings or clear spans

46 ROOF FRAMING Trusses Sidewall Column (connected to trusses)

47 POST TO ROOF FRAMING CONNECTIONS Posts are connected directly to the roof framing if post and roof framing spacing are the same Posts and roof framing are often connected to header beams if post and roof framing spacing are not the same

48 POST TO ROOF FRAMING CONNECTION Block Height Block Connection is usually a pinned connection (not a moment-resisting connection)

49 POST TO ROOF FRAMING CONNECTION

50 POST TO ROOF FRAMING CONNECTION

51 Typical post-to-truss connection details for a solid sawn post application SOLID SAWN POSTS Connection with truss fastened to slide of post and with bear block 1½ Connection with truss bearing on notch in post

52 Purlins oriented flat or on edge, depending on truss and purlin spacing ROOF PURLIN PLACEMENT Purlins placed either on top or inset between truss top chords or inset between roof rafters

53 ROOF FRAMING AND PURLINS Purlin Truss 2 ft o.c. 8 ft o.c. Connection to Post Connection

54 WALL GIRTS Typically 2x4 to 2x8 solid sawn lumber, spaced inches apart Oriented flat on outside face of wall post for smaller post and girt spacings and loads On edge between adjacent posts for larger loads or post or girt spacings

55 WALL GIRTS AND SHEATHING Wall Girt Sheating

56 WALL GIRTS AND SHEATHING

57 SECONDARY FRAMING AND Corner bracing in upper chords of trusses BRACING Diagonal bracing for lower chords of trusses Lower chord stiffeners for trusses Cross-bracing of selected compression webs Continuous longitudinal bracing of long compression webs and chords of trusses

58 POST-FRAME TECHNICAL RESOURCES ANSI/ASAE (ASABE) EP 484 for diaphragm design of metal-clad, post-frame rectangular buildings ANSI/ASAE (ASABE) EP 486 for shallow post foundation design ANSI/ASAE (ASABE) EP 559 for design requirements and bending properties for mechanically laminated columns

59 POST FRAME BUILDING DESIGN MANUAL Structural design procedures for post-frame building systems Post Frame designer s primary reference NFBA.org

60 BENEFITS OF POST-FRAME Cost-effective Energy efficient Code compliance Sustainability and greenness Design flexibility Durability and strength

61 Examples of Post-Frame Applications in Commercial Buildings

62 Function/Size: Location: Posts: Post foundation: Roof framing: Wall girts: Insulation: Exterior finish: Interior finish: Cost: Office Building, 16,000 SF Grand Rapids, MI 3-ply, 2 x 6 glulam posts, 6 ft. o.c.; 0.6 pcf CCA below grade, 0.4 pcf above ground Post embedded in ground 42 to 78 ft. hip roof, 24 in o.c.; OSB sheathing 2x4, 16 o.c., flat R-19 in walls; R-40 in ceiling Glass and cultured stone Painted drywall and acoustical tile $89/SF

63 Function/Size: Location: Posts: Post foundation: Roof framing: Wall girts: Insulation: Exterior finish: Interior finish: Construction time: 6 months Cost: $150/SF Veterinary Clinic, 48 x 125, 6,000 SF Mattoon, IL 3-ply, nominal 2 x 6 nail-lam posts, 7-6 o.c. Posts set on concrete foundation wall 48 clear span trusses, 7-6 o.c.; 2x4 purlins on edge, 24 o.c. 2x4 and 2x6, 32 o.c., flat R-19 in walls; R-38 in ceiling Ribbed steel roof panels; brick walls Drywall and suspended ceilings.

64 Function/Size: Location: Posts: Post foundation: Roof framing: Wall girts: Insulation: Exterior finish: Interior finish: Construction time: Cost: Church, 118 x 168 ft, 19,824+ SF Salina, KS 4 ply, 2 x 8 nail-lam posts, 7-6 o.c. 4 in. x 4 ft. deep cast-in-place concrete foundation wall Double 2x trusses, 7-6 o.c.; 2x4 purlins on edge 24 o.c. 2x6, 32 o.c., flat R-19 in walls; R-38 in ceiling Painted steel siding and brick; wainscot in selected areas Sheetrock w/acoustical steel in gymnasium area 7 months $92/SF

65 Function/Size: Volunteer Fire Company, 80 x 100 ; 8,000 SF Location: Lexington, NC Posts: 3-ply, 2 x 8 nail-lam, 8 o.c.; 0.8 pcf CCA preservative treatment above/below ground Post foundation: Posts embedded in ground Roof framing: Single 2x, 80 clear span trusses, 8 o.c.; 2x4 purlins on edge, 24 o.c. Wall girts/sheathing: 2x4, 30 o.c., flat. Insulation: R-30 in walls; R-38 in ceiling Exterior finish: 26 gauge painted ribbed steel Interior finish: Steel sheathing in bay; sheetrock and suspended ceilings in office areas Construction time: 8 months Cost: $70/SF

66 Function/Size: Location: Posts: Post foundation: Roof framing: Purlins on: Wall girts: Insulation: Exterior finish: Interior finish: Construction time: 7 months Cost: $99/SF Church 22,000 sq.ft. Kokomo, IN 3-ply, nominal 2x6 nail-lam posts, 8 0 o.c. Posts set on poured concrete footings 84 clear span truss (main building), 8 0 o.c. flat trusses for entry and carport 2x4s edge, 24 o.c. 2x6, 32 o.c., flat R-19 in walls; R-38 in ceiling Ribbed steel roof panels Drywall and suspended ceilings, slate floors

67 Applications of Post-Frame Buildings

68 are limited only by the designer s Imagination and Creativity ***

69 Wick Buildings, Inc. We Are Here To Help Visit Wick at WickBuildings.com Specifications and details available Design review and engineering assistance THANK YOU! WICK BUILDINGS Building You A Better Future

70 National Frame Building Association What is the NFBA? Wick Buildings, Inc. The NFBA is the only national trade association that represents post-frame industry professionals Mission: To advance the post-frame industry Value Proposition: NFBA shapes the future of postframe and provides our members with a measurable return on investment through networking, trade shows, technical support, education, research, codes/standards development and accreditation

71 MORE ABOUT POST-FRAME National Frame Building Association (NFBA) NFBA.org PostFrameAdvantage.com NFBA 8735 W Higgins Road Suite 300 Chicago, IL

72 Wick Buildings, Inc. 405 Walter Road, P.O. Box 38 Mazomanie, WI WickBuildings.com THANK YOU!

73 Questions and Comments?