Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs) Advances in GCLs. Bruno Herlin, P.Eng. Bentofix Product Manager

Transcription

1 Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs) Advances in GCLs Bruno Herlin, P.Eng. Bentofix Product Manager

2 Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs) Advances in GCLs Bruno Herlin, P.Eng. Bentofix Product Manager

3 Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs) Advances in GCLs Bruno Herlin, P.Eng. Bentofix Product Manager

4 What is a GCL? Bentonite sandwiched between two layers of textiles GCL = 3 ft of CCL (Compacted Clay Liner).

5 What is a GCL?

6 Not every GCL is alike - Different types for different applications: - Slopes (different textiles used). - Application (ponds vs landfill vs mine site vs base liner vs cap). - Leachate compatibility (bentonite and/or enhanced polymers). - Soil conditions (ion exchange?). - Different types of bentonites: - Wyoming based bentonite. - Bentonite from overseas (Activated/Soda Ash).

7 Where to use GCLs: Geosynthetic Clay Liner

8 Where to use GCLs: Geosynthetic Clay Liner Geosynthetic Clay Liner

9 Where to use GCLs: Geosynthetic Clay Liner Hydration? Geosynthetic Clay Liner

10 Wyoming based bentonite in direct contact with a Hazardous Leachate Dry Wyoming bentonite Flux vs time Date Time Flux (m3/m2)/s March 24, :43 AM 8.70E-07 11:15 AM 8.20E-07 12:10 PM 5.10E-07 March 27, :45 AM 7.70E-07 1:19 PM 6.40E-07 12:10 PM 5.10E-07 March 28, :50 PM 7.70E-07 2:02 PM 7.65 E-07 2:12 PM 6.40 E-07

11 Wyoming based bentonite in direct contact with a Hazardous Leachate Enhanced Polymer with a Wyoming Based Bentonite

12 Foreign based bentonite in direct contact with a Hazardous Leachate?

13 Foreign based bentonite in direct contact with a Hazardous Leachate?

14 Foreign based bentonite in direct contact with a Hazardous Leachate?

15 Foreign based bentonite in direct contact with a Hazardous Leachate Plate Absorbtion Test update to ASTM

16 Time to rename GCLs? GWCL: Geosynthetic Wyoming Clay Liners GFCL: Geosynthetic Foreign Clay Liners GDL: Geosynthetic Dirt Liners Over 4+ decades of Wyoming Clay Research Foreign Clay along for the ride!

17 Where to use GCLs: Geosynthetic Clay Liner

18 Where to use GCLs:

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20 GCL Research / Recent findings

21 GCLs that are not scrim-reinforced

22 GCLs that are not scrim-reinforced

23 GCL Cross-Section GCL that is NOT Scrim-Reinforced Non-Wowen Bentonite Non-Wowen

24 GCL Cross-Section Scrim-Reinforced GCL Contains a Scrim (woven) Non-Wowen Bentonite Woven Non-Wowen

25 GCL Research / Recent findings GCLs that were Scrim-Reinforced did not Shrink

26 Benefits of a Scrim-Reinforced GCL Non-Wowen Bentonite Non-Wowen

27 Benefits of a Scrim-Reinforced GCL Non-Wowen Bentonite Woven Non-Wowen

28 Golf Course Pond done with a double nonwoven GCL

29 Internal Erosion Why?

30 USE A THICKER TEXTILE GCL OR BETTER YET COVER IT UP AS RECOMMENDED!

31 Coated GCL facing up > No Internal Erosion for 2 yrs in an Exposed Liner Site.

32 Wrickles of the HDPE

33 Switch to White HDPE instead of Black HDPE

34 LessWrinkles = Less Damage during coversoil operations. Less Wrinkes = a lower transmissivity between HDPE/GCL.

35 Specifying a GCL? Do not use Tradenames Specifications BENTOFIX NSL Thermal Lock Geosynthetic Clay Liners Bentofix Thermal Lock NSL Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) is a needlepunched, thermally reinforced composite comprised of a core of natural sodium Wyoming bentonite clay between two durable geotextile layers to form a low permeability hydraulic barrier. The top layer is a staple fiber nonwoven (NW) geotextile while the bottom layer is a woven (W) geotextile. The product is intended for moderate to steep slopes and moderate to high load applications where increased internal shear strength is required. REMOVE ALL PRODUCT NAMES ASK FOR A TECHNICAL DATA SHEET IN WORD FORMAT

36 Specifying a GCL? List all the ASTM values Property ASTM Test Method Frequency Value Imperial Units Value Metric Units Typical Geotextile Properties Top / Cap Nonwoven D ,000 sq ft 6.0 oz./yd 2 MARV 200 g / m 2 MARV (1) Scrim Reinforced Nonwoven Bottom Fabric D 5261 ( 20,000 m 2 ) 6.0 oz./yd 2 MARV 200 g / m 2 MARV Bentonite Properties (SI Units Only) Swell Index Moisture Content Fluid Loss Smectite (Montmorillonite) D 5890 D 4643 D 5891 XRD 100,000 lbs. (50,000 kg) 100,000 lbs. Periodic 24 ml/ 2 g min 12 % max 18 ml max 90% min 24 ml/ 2 g min 12 % max 18 ml max 90% min Finished GCL Properties Bentonite Mass/Unit Area 2 D ,000 ft 2 (4,000 m 2 ) 0.75 lbs/ft 2 MARV 3.66 kg/m 2 MARV Tensile Strength 3 D ,000 ft 2 (4,000 m 2 ) 45 lb/in MARV 7.8 kn/m MARV Peel Strength D ,000 ft 2 (4,000 m 2 ) 3.5 lbs/in min 610 N/m min Permeability 5 D 5887 Weekly 5 x 10-9 cm/s max 5 x 10-9 cm/s max Index Flux 5 D 5887 Weekly 1 x 10-8 m 3 /m 2 /s max 1 x 10-8 m 3 /m 2 /s max Internal Shear Strength 6 D 6243 Periodic 500 psf Typical 24 kpa Typical

37 Specifying a GCL? Do not use GRI-GCL3 which one?

38 Specifying a GCL? Please don t go on vacation before tender closing!

39 Specifying a GCL? Please don t go on vacation before tender closing! GCL Liner: (1) Shall be a needle-punched reinforced composite consisting of two durable geotextile outer layers with a uniform core of natural sodium bentonite clay to form a hydraulic barrier. OK which one do you think he/she will be provided?

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41 Geosynthetic Clay Liner

42 GCL Base 54 weeks HDPE-GCL no cover w=47% 7% initial moisture Photo: Courtesy of Queens University

43 GCL Base 54 weeks HDPE-GCL no cover w=36% 24% initial moisture Photo: Courtesy of Queens University

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50 GEOPIPE/GEOTUBES

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52 You can get anything you want - List all ASTM values and items you want. - DO third party testing (from site samples) papers mean nothing. - Protect yourself via Third Party Testing.

53 New products every year be receptive!

54 Great new product! No need for Sandbags/Ballast.

55 Membership stay connected. Thank you for your time Bruno Herlin, P.Eng. Product Manager Terrafix VP Board of Directors, IGS-NA