EAB: Biology and Identification

Transcription

1 EAB: Biology and Identification Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service Nebraska Forest Service

2 Agrilus species Penn. Dept of Conserv. & NR Emerald ash borer Bronze birch borer Penn. Dept of Conserv. & NR Two-lined chestnut borer

3 Some native ash species Fraxinus spp. (cultivars) Green White Black Blue Velvet Pumpkin Marshall s Seedless Patmore Autumn Purple Oregon California Texas Carolina Mexican Chihuahuan

4 Susceptibility Green > White, Black > Blue Lingering ash Kathleen Knight US Forest Service Kathleen Knight US Forest Service

5 Not true ash species Mountain-ash Sorbus spp. Wafer-ash Water-ash Hoptree Ptelea spp.

6 Egg EAB: Basic Lifecycle Larva Houping Liu Michigan State University City of Hamilton, California David Cappaert Michigan State Univ, Adult Pupa Debbie Miller USDA Forest Service,

7 Adult emergence in spring D-shaped exit holes University of Illinois Joseph O Brien US Forest Service David Cappaert Michigan State Univ. Debbie Miller US Forest Service

8 Adult emergence begins: > mid-may > degree days (base temp 50 o F) David Cappaert Michigan State Univ.

9 Leslie J Mehrhoff Univ of Connecticut Black locust in full bloom

10 Maturation feeding: 2 weeks Debbie Miller US Forest Service Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service

11 Females lay eggs On ash bark Eggs hatch in 1-2 weeks All photos: Houping Liu Michigan State University

12 Creamy white larva Small tapeworm 4 stages (instars) David Cappaert Michigan State Univ. Feeds in phloem and outer xylem Edward Czerwinski Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources

13 Sparse foliage Branch dieback Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service City of Boulder bouldercolorado.gov Steven Katovich US Forest Service

14 epicormic sprouts bark stripping (woodpeckers) Edward Czerwinski Ontario Ministry of Nat. Res. bugwood.org Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service

15 Most suspicious symptoms: Winding tunnels under bark D-shaped exit holes University of Illinois Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service David Cappaert Michigan State Univ.

16 1- or 2-year lifecycle Early-stage infestation (tree relatively healthy) 2 years Older, established infestation (tree stressed) 1 year

17 Overwinters as a larva (prepupa) David Cappaert Michigan State Univ Pupates in spring David Cappaert Michigan State Univ

18 Pupation: 2-4 weeks Debbie Miller USDA Forest Service, Lifecycle complete Debbie Miller US Forest Service

19 Pause...

20 Emerald ash borer Lilac borer Lilac-ash borer Ash borer David Cappaert Michigan State Univ James Solomon USDA Forest Service beetle (Coleoptera) moth (Lepidoptera)

21 Emerald ash borer Lilac borer Lilac-ash borer Ash borer David Cappaert Michigan State Univ flattened ( tapeworm ) no legs rounded body legs present David Cappaert Michigan State Univ

22 Emerald ash borer tunnels just beneath the bark Lilac borer Lilac-ash borer Ash borer Art Wagner Washington State Dept of Ag tunnels deep into wood Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service

23 Emerald ash borer Lilac borer Lilac-ash borer Ash borer L Stepanek NFS D-shape 1/8 inch Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service round 1/4 inch

24 L Stepanek NFS Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service

25 L Stepanek NFS

26 Other borers of ash (copyright) Lewis Scharpf Ash and privet borer James Solomon USDA Forest Service Carpenterworm Redheaded ash borer Joseph Berger Flatheaded appletree borer Howard Ensign Evans Colorado State University

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28 EAB & Look-alikes EAB University of Illinois Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service Gold dust buprestid Leafhopper Pennsylvania Dept of Conserv. & Nat. Resources bugwood.org Dogbane beetle Pennsylvania Dept of Conserv. & Nat. Resources bugwood.org Tiger beetle Susan Ellis bugwood.org

29 Questions? Nebraska Forest Service EAB website: nfs.unl.edu/eab