Advances in the Implementation of REDD+ in Peru. Gustavo Suárez de Freitas Calmet Executive Director of PNCB, MINAM Paris, December 2, 2015

Transcription

1 Advances in the Implementation of REDD+ in Peru Gustavo Suárez de Freitas Calmet Executive Director of PNCB, MINAM Paris, December 2, 2015

2 Progress on the requirements of the UNFCCC National Strategy and REDD+ Action Plan National forest reference emissions level and/or a national forest reference level System to monitory forest cover System to provide information on compliance of safeguards within the country

3 Principles that guide the implementation of REDD+ in Peru National scope Step-wise implementation approach Approximation by biomes (Amazonía, Sierra y Costa) Priority activities Deforestation Degradation Increase of reserves of forest carbon Compliance with the Warsaw Framework

4 4 Elementos de REDD+ de CMNUCC COP 15: Copenhague : Cancun : Durban : Varsovia 2013 Fuente: FAO 2015, Consideraciones técnicas para la elaboración de Niveles de referencia de emisiones

5 Towards a National Strategy on Forests and Climate Change

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7 PERU, COUNTRY OF FORESTS AMAZON (53.90%) COAST (3.20%) PERU 57.30% HIGHLANDS FORESTS 35% OF THE GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSIONS DUE TO LULUCF (0.20%) The average deforestation rate is 118,000 ha. per year. Fuente: MINAM 2014 More than half of the national territory is covered by forests. (57.30%)

8 DEFORESTATION IN PERU 11, 11% 1, 1% 46, 47% Piece of land Agricultural Communities Native Communities Logging concessions Permanent Production Forest (no concession) No logging concessions Reforestation concessions Protected Natural Areas Conservation & Ecoturism Consessions Territorial reservs Forest areas with no forestry rights assignated 16, 16% 8, 8% 12, 12% 0, 0% 1, 1% 3, 3% 0, 0% 1, 1%

9 DEFORESTATION CAUSES Low governance scenario Roads Migration Low forest value, opportunities cost, etc. Frontiers of deforestation and already deforested zones are mapped in red

10 DEFORESTATION CAUSES >80% occurs on forestry or protected lands > 46% of the deforestation occurs in lands with no defined rights or legal zoning. DEFORESTATION OF THE PERUVIAN FOREST +70% in units smaller than 5 ha/year NFCCS Perú: Three biomass (Amazonic Forest, Andean Forest and Dry Forest) Direct Causes: Extractive Industry Land use change for agricultural activities Infrastructure Roads Impacts of Mega-projects: Attract migratory processes Hidroelectrics Slash and burn of forests by migratory population Slash and burn for ag. expansion/ Previous landholders forced out Slash and burn of forests for foreign investment Hidrocarbons Indirect Causes: Objetivo general: Reduce forest loss and degradation and decrease GHG s emissions due to LULUCF, improve forest resilience and reduce climate change vulnerability of forest dependant population Social Factors Poverty Migration Lack of ecosystemic knowledge Economic Factors Low rentability of the forests against other uses Absence of markets, public and private financing not aligned Expected Change Institutional Factors Sectoral approaches, no territorial, incoherence between the public politics and the resourses management Incomplete land use planning Insecure land rights Low governance

11 TRANSVERSAL ACTIONS Conclude the zonification and organization of national forests. Advance in assigning of institutional responsibilies for managed forest units. Increase forest value through sustainable forestry management in the differents zoning units. Empower the prevention, control and sanctions of illegal activities that causes deforestation and forest degradation. Promote sustainable, competitive, and climate smart agriculture for improved forest conservation. Improve the complementary service provision for a better valuation of forests goods and services. Increase resilience of forest ecosystems that produce goods and critical services for local populations, as well as those of degraded or highly threatened areas. Monitoring the foreseeable impacts and effects of climate change and local population that depend upon it, incorporating this results in the national planification. Design and implent actions that contribute to the adaptation of the local populations, taking into account traditional knowledge. NATIONAL FOREST & CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY (NCCS) AGRICULTURE NATIONAL FOREST & CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY (NFCCS) VISION BY THE YEAR 2030 PERU HAS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED ITS EMISSIONS OF GREENHOUSE GASES (GHGS ) ASSOCIATED WITH THE LULUCF SECTOR AND THE VULNERABILTY OF FORESTS AND FOREST DEPENDENT POPULATIONS. THIS THROUGH THE ADECUATE VALORATION AND CONSERVATION OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS, IMPROVING THE PRODUCTION AND COMPETIVITY, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF BETTER CONDITIONS FOR MANAGING FOREST LANDSCAPE, INCLUDING GOOD GOVERNANCE, MARKET BASED SOLUTIONS, THE GENERATION AND DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION; WITH THE FULL RESPECT OFTHE CITIZENS RIGHTS, SPECIALLY INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND THE OTHERS FOREST POPULATIONS. GENERAL OBJECTIVE REDUCE FOREST LOSS AND DEGRADATIO AND DECREASE GHG S EMISSIONS DUE TO LULUCF, IMPROVE FOREST RESILIENCE AND REDUCE CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY OF FOREST DEPENDANT POPULATION SPECIFIC OJECTIVE 1 REDUCE GHG S EMISSIONS FROM LULUCF SECTOR, IN A ECONOMICALLY COMPETITIVE AND SUSTAINABLE WAY, CONTRIBUTING THE COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT, IMPROVING THE POPULATION WELLNESS AND TO GLOBAL EFFORTS TO CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE 2 REDUCE THE VULNERABILITY OF FOREST LANDSCAPES AND THE PEOPLE THAT DEPEND UPON THEM, THROUGH ACTIONS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO ADAPTATION BASED ON FOREST ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION, MONITORING AND INFORMATION GENERATION AND ALTERNATIVE ACTIVITIES IMPLEMENTATION WITH THE LOCAL POPULATION, CONSIDERING THEIR TRADITIONAL KNWOLEDGE. TA1: FOREST COVER MONITORING SYSTEM TA2: ADEQUATE LEGAL FRAMEWORK TA3: INSTITUTIONAL TA4: FINANCING TA5: CAPACITIES BUILDING

12 It is the effort of all Peruvians to deal with climate challenges by preserving the forests and making the most of their resources T H A N K S