Sand Control in Well Construction and Operation

Transcription

1 Sand Control in Well Construction and Operation

2 Springer Environmental Science and Engineering For further volumes:

3 Davorin Matanović l Bojan Moslavac Marin Čikeš l Sand Control in Well Construction and Operation

4 Davorin Matanović University of Zagreb Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering Petroleum Engineering Department Zagreb Croatia Marin Čikeš University of Zagreb Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering Petroleum Engineering Department Zagreb Croatia Bojan Moslavac University of Zagreb Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering Petroleum Engineering Department Zagreb Croatia ISBN e-isbn DOI / Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

5 Contents 1 Introduction Reasons for, Nature and Consequences of Solids Production Wellbore Stability and Sand Failure Criteria References Formation Sampling and Sand Analysis Sieve Analysis References Sand Control Methods Restriction of Production Rate Mechanical Methods of Sand Control Slotted Liners Screens Screen Design and Selection Gravel Packs Gravel Pack Methods Through-Tubing Sand Control References Chemical Consolidation Introduction Resins Thermosetting Resins Thermoplastic Resins Resins Curing Process Treatment Execution Additives Resin-Coated Proppant Packs Advantages and Disadvantages Surface Equipment References v

6 vi Contents 5 Frac-and-Pack Completion Introduction Well Selection Criteria Inflow Performance Fracture Skin Factor Perforation Flow Skin Factor Choked Fracture Skin Factor Fluid Leakoff Damage Partial Penetration and Non-Darcy Skin Factor Frac-and-Pack for Sand Control Key Issues in Frac-and-Pack Completion Tip-Screenout Net Pressure and Fluid Leakoff Considerations Treatment Design and Execution Perforations Mechanical Considerations Pretreatment Diagnostic Tests Tip-Screenout Design Pumping a TSO Treatment Fracture Conductivity and Materials Selection Optimum Fracture Dimensions Proppant Selection Fluid Selection Fracture Design Simulators Methodology Design Criteria Procedures Numerical Simulation Results and Conclusions Evaluation of Frac-and-Pack Treatments Production Results Evaluation of Real-Time Treatment Data Post-treatment Pressure-Transient Analysis Emerging Frac-and-Pack Technologies Screenless and Rigless Frac-and-Pack Completions Complex Well-Fracture Configurations References Treating Fluid Selection Introduction Available Fluid Systems Conventional Linear Gels Borate-Crosslinked Fluids Organometallic-Crosslinked Fluids

7 Contents vii Aluminum Phosphate-Ester Oil Gels Foamed and Other Fluids Breakers Fluid Loss Linear HEC Fluids Guar-Based Linear Gels Crosslinked Fluid Systems Formation Damage Fracture Conductivity Gravel-Pack Completions Conclusions and Recommendations References Perforating for Sand Control Perforation Requirements References Downhole and Surface Equipment Introduction Well Completion Tools and Accessories Fluid Flow Control Devices Packers Service Tool Assemblies Seal Assemblies Safety Joints Blast Joints Landing Nipples Ported Subs Setting Shoes Surface Equipment Mixing Equipment Materials Storage and Transport Equipment Pumping Equipment Shearing and Filtering Equipment Monitoring Equipment Equipment Pressure and Temperature Rating Temperature and Pressure Impact Equipment Rating References Index

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