Overview. Where is the EAB currently found in North America? What is currently being done about the EAB? Survey Control

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1 4/16/2015 Mark Smith M.S. Geoscientist Annette Evans Ph.D. Student at the University of Connecticut Troy Kimoto, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Bugwood.org Overview Where is the EAB currently found in North America? What is currently being done about the EAB? Survey Control What can you do about the EAB David Cappaert, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org Howard Russell, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org 1

2 EAB in North America: 24 States, 2 Canadian territories (and counting Louisiana was the newest to find EAB February 2015) 2

3 EAB in CT as of December, 2014 Quarantine All of CT Litchfield Co. Tolland Co. Windham Co st Detection Method wasp trap survey homeowner N Town Boundary County Boundary Miles 1: towns (and counting ) From: Municipal EAB Management Series Your EAB Management Options vs. the "Death Curve" Jim Zwack, M.S., The Davey Institute 3

4 Mark Smith M.S. Geoscientist Annette Evans Ph.D. Student at the University of Connecticut 4

5 Purple Trap Survey Sticky purple prism Barney traps are hung in ash trees with manuka oil as an EAB attractant; checked every 2 weeks 2014 trapping focused exclusively on the 4 easternmost CT counties, as EAB had already been detected in the 4 westernmost counties. In 2014, purple traps detected the first new EAB infestations in Middlesex and New London counties; 6 towns overall Purple trap surveys will no longer occur in CT as CT is now under a full state quarantine. Other Trapping Surveys Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Forestry Archive, Bugwood.org Lindgren Funnel Trap Girdled Trap Tree (Trapping is for surveillance, not control) 5

6 Biosurveillance Cerceris fumipennis the smokey winged beetle bandit Small solitary wasp active in early mid summer Digs burrows in sandy soils like baseball fields Specializes in catching beetles from the family Buprestidae EAB is a Buprestid Scientists and citizen scientist wasp watchers collect captured beetles from Cerceris colonies Captured beetles are identified to see if any are invasives such as EAB Also a good opportunity to survey the diversity of Buprestids in CT Cerceris Colonies in CT: Ball fields are great habitat for ground nesting wasps such as Cerceris 6

7 Biocontrol Two parasitoid wasp species have been released yearly in the state since the detection of EAB in CT: Oobius agrilii, an egg parasitoid Tetrastichus planipennisi, a larval parasitoid Releases in 2013, 2014, and planned for 2015 Wasps released in Michigan since 2007 resulted in recoveries the following year there are overwintering populations Establishment? Time will tell Biocontrol Releases in CT Tetrastichus release infected EAB larvae Oobius release infested EAB eggs 7

8 David Cappaert, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org (Don t Panic!!!) Step 0: Plan Ahead! Don t wait; have a preparedness or response plan ready ahead of time Do you have a tree inventory? Remember: significant ash mortality begins about 2 years after a local EAB detection 8

9 Step 1: Ash Identification and Tree Inventory Identify your ash trees (If you can, ID other trees and do a tree inventory while you re at it!) Take DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) Keith Kanoti, Maine Forest Service, Bugwood.org Step 1.5: What s an ash tree look like? Opposite branching MAD Horse predominant oppositebranched trees are Maple, Ash, Dogwood, and Horsechestnut Pinnately compound leaves, usually with five to seven leaflets Seeds are winged samaras Bark on young trees is smooth; as the tree ages the bark becomes thick and ridged, with a diamondlike pattern. Richard Webb, Self employed horticulurist, Bugwood.org T. Davis Sydnor, The Ohio State University, Bugwood.org Michigan Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org Brett Marshall, Sault College, Bugwood.org *Paul Wray, Iowa State University 9

10 Step 2: Select Candidates For Preservation Criteria to consider : Health of tree Tree s value in landscape Personal value is it a memorial or champion tree? Size of tree Cost of treatment vs. cost of removal Trees that are already in > 50% decline are not likely to respond to treatments Larger trees are more expensive to treat, and depending on location, more expensive to remove Removal may be more costly in the short run, but as treatments need to happen yearly, it may cost more in the long run Speak with a local arborist regarding treatment/removal options and cost Steven Katovich, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org 10

11 Step 3: Treat/Remove: Treatment It s time to treat trees when EAB has been detected within 15 miles of your property Present and detected are separate EAB will generally have been in an area for several years before it s formally detected Trees that are < 20 DBH can be treated with products available to homeowners Larger trees will require a licensed arborist and specialized equipment to treat Hire a certified professional; ask for references According to current research, treatments should be applied yearly Most systemic treatments are applied in the spring; foliar treatments need to be timed with adult EAB emergence ( growing degree days) EAB Treatments: For Professionals: For Homeowners: Reference: Insecticide Options for Protecting Ash Trees from Emerald Ash Borer by North Central IPM 11

12 Step 3: Treat/Remove: Removal Trees that are not to be treated should be removed (harvested) prior to infestation, decline, and death Proactive removal reduces issue and cost of dealing with many dead/dying trees at once Ash deteriorates quickly after it dies; trees alongside streets or buildings pose hazard risk if left standing dead (AP Photo/J.D. Pooley, File) 12

13 Utilization of Harvested Ash Wood Lumber For trees with > 12 inches DBH, bole > 6 feet If ash tree is already dead, has only been so for less than 1 year Mulch for home landscaping Art and/or furniture Donate cut wood to a local community organization Raw materials are needed for civic projects (park benches, picnic tables, construction programs, Scout projects, etc.) Firewood Don t move it; burn it locally For more ideas, visit the Illinois EAB Ash Wood Utilization Team website: Illinois sawyer, Ron Myers, mills a log into lumber. Photo: Michele Beaulieux 13

14 Pam Owen An Alternate Step 3: Do Nothing Only consider this option if the ash tree will not pose a hazard risk if/when it falls, i.e. it is in a woodlot, not in a yard or along a street Do nothing; EAB will eventually infest the tree and it will decline and die Standing dead trees ( snags ) and fallen logs are normal and beneficial to an ecosystem as wildlife habitat: Nesting sites for birds Shelter for mammals Step 4: Replacement If desired, replace removed ash trees with non host trees (note: there is evidence that EAB may be able to infest White Fringetree) Planting a street or landscape diversely prevents large scale loss of trees from host specific pests 14

15 Resources For the latest info on EAB biology, response plans, preparedness plans, a collection of current research, publications EAB Cost Calculator CAES EAB Website: List of CTPA Members Licensed Arborists: Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org 15