Beginner School Insect Management

Transcription

1 University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Cranberry Station Extension meetings Cranberry Station Outreach and Public Service Activities 2008 Beginner School Insect Management Anne L. Averill University of Massachusetts - Amherst, averill@eco.umass.edu Follow this and additional works at: Part of the Horticulture Commons Recommended Citation Averill, Anne L., "Beginner School Insect Management" (2008). Cranberry Station Extension meetings. 38. Retrieved from This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Cranberry Station Outreach and Public Service Activities at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cranberry Station Extension meetings by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact scholarworks@library.umass.edu.

2 Insect Management Anne L. Averill University of Massachusetts UMASS Cranberry Beginners School 2008

3 Lots of insects will be out there BUT: not every insect results in crop loss Yield not always affected esp. true for indirect pests Feeding on non-harvested plant part e.g. root injury; leaf injury (e.g. bean leaf beetle)

4 Watch out for the direct pests Attack portion of plant that goes to market Sparganothis and cranberry fruitworms; cranberry weevil attack flowers buds

5 Unlike management in the good old days, new insecticides require knowledge of their specific targets and use patterns

6 adult egg pupa larva

7 1. Sweep early; act promptly Sample to determine pest s presence population size ID very important Sweep effort really pays off in long run

8 3 winter moth Sparganothis fruitworm 2 green spanworm blackheaded fireworm gypsy moth false armyworm

9 winter moth green spanworm LOW NUMBERS SIGNAL PROBLEM! 3 Sparganothis fruitworm 2 blackheaded fireworm gypsy moth false armyworm

10 2. Manage blackheaded fireworm Even full grown, larva is only 1/3 inch Photo: Charlie Armstrong, Maine Dept Ag

11 Photo: Charlie Armstrong, Maine Dept Ag

12 Photo: Charlie Armstrong, Maine Dept Ag

13 Photo: Charlie Armstrong, Maine Dept Ag

14 Later injury

15 Infestations move in quickly and raise havoc fast

16 3. Manage sparganothis fruitworm

17 Comes in different styles the wriggler

18 Sparganothis management Spring sweep and do visual inspections of loosestrife Make every effort to manage first generation

19 Manage blackheaded fireworm & sparganothis fruitworm in spring Pays off>>these have another generation Easy to control in spring once detected Target small larvae using Intrepid Target medium larvae using Delegate

20 Intrepid Caterpillar compound Messes with molting No Zone II area applications Good coverage needed Multiple applications may be important Long residual

21 Delegate Caterpillar compound Interferes with nervous system function Good coverage needed

22 Summer generations of Sparganothis and fireworm feed on berries Much harder to control Use pheromone traps to time sprays of Intrepid or SpinTor (coming up) Sparganothis fruitworm damage Blackheaded fireworm feeding

23 4. Recognize spanworms vs. cutworms (leg pattern); action thresholds 1:4

24 5. Manage cranberry weevil Adults move onto bog in spring sweep to sample Easy to overlook in net

25 Spring Avaunt (or Actara) Summer Actara

26 Avaunt Great option for spring weevil Nerve poison Manages blackheaded fireworm, too

27 Actara Summer weevil; usually not necessary Moves into plant 50% penetration after 4h High residual control Low use rates: 2-3 oz

28 6. Get the pheromone traps out Check every couple of days to determine biofix or first sustained flight

29 Time reduced-risk sprays with pheromone traps Blackheaded fireworm Apply Intrepid 2 weeks after biofix; again 10 days later Sparganothis fruitworm Apply Intrepid 3 weeks after biofix; again days later

30 7/8. Manage cranberry fruitworm

31 7. Determine % out-of-bloom

32

33 8. Manage cranberry fruitworm First spray is most critical, starting at 50% OOB Howes & Early Blacks: 7-9 days after 50% OOB Ben Lears: 5-7 days after 50% OOB Stevens: 3-5 days 50% OOB Diazinon, Sevin recommended Intrepid if super system and low pest pressure Again, 10 days later

34 Be sure to distinguish between fruitworms; management is completely different 0 CFW Sparg Cranberry fruitworm damage

35 9. Use reduced-risk options (have one or more of these properties) Low impact on human health, non targets (bees, fish, etc.) Lower use rates Compatible with IPM (low impact on natural enemies of pest insects) Lower potential for water contamination

36 10. Keep records Do for each system Allows anticipation of problems in subsequent years Checks management success

37 Top 10 insect management rules 1. Sweep early; act promptly 2. Manage blackheaded fireworm 3. Manage sparganothis fruitworm 4. Recognize spanworms vs. cutworms 5. Manage cranberry weevil 6. Get the pheromone traps out 7. Monitor % out of bloom 8. Manage cranberry fruitworm 9. Use reduced-risk options wherever possible 10. Keep records for each piece; know your problems

38 Other problems E.g. towards bloom-- brown spanworm First hatch look like threads on net

39 Keep up to date Winter moth is around larvae may balloon in??

40 Gypsy moth may be nasty

41 Photo: Charlie Armstrong, Maine Dept Ag