Dr. Khawja Shamsul Huda Environment and Climate Change Programme

Transcription

1 Sustainable Management of Protected Areas to Combat Climate Change Dr. Khawja Shamsul Huda Environment and Climate Change Programme

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10 Impact of Climate Change: Temperature Rankng Year 1. (Hottest)

11 Deaths from Cyclones since 1584 Sl. No. Year of Occurrence of Number of Deaths Cyclone , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,407 including 1,001 missing)

12 Sl. No. Year of Occurrence Damage Due to Floods Area Inundated (Sq.km.) Proportion of Total Area Cost of Damage (In million Taka) ,920 25% 1, , , , , , , , , , N/A , , , , , , , >100, >100, >120, >58,000 >40 >200,000

13 All these natural disasters are occurring due to Climate Change. These events are likely to occrur more frequently with greater intensity in the future..we cannot stop these events but can create impact by reducing emission, deforestation and forest degradation and sustainable management of the forest.

14 Importance of Forest Conservation It is estimated that greenhouse gas emitted from deforestation and forest degradation account for roughly 20% of the total annual green house gas emitted by entire global transport sector

15 Status of Forest Cover in Category of Forests Bangladesh Area (million hectare) (%) Forest Department Managed Forests Unclassed State Forest Village Forest Total

16 Area Distribution of Various Land use category Land Use Category Area ( million hectare) Percent Agriculture State Forest Classified Unclassified Private Forest Homestead Tea/Rubber Garden Urban Water Other Total

17 Types of Forest Area (million hectare) Percentage Natural Mangrove Forest Mangrove Plantation Tropical Evergreen and Semi- Evergreen Forest Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest Total

18 Classified Forests under Forest Department: Reserve Forests Versus Protected Forest Reserve Forest: A reserved forest is a one where the species are protected in their natural habitat... and no human interference is allowed... any kind of human activity is strictly prohibited. Protected Forest : An area of land and/or sea especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effective means (IUCN, 1994) **Protected Area Covers 10.72% of Total Forest Area

19 List of Protected Forests in Bangladesh A) National Park : Sl. No. National Parks Location Area (ha.) Established 1 Bhawal National Park Gazipur Modhupur National Park Tangail/ Mymensingh Ramsagar National Park Dinajpur Himchari National Park Cox's Bazar Lawachara National Park Moulavibazar Kaptai National Park Chittagong Hill Tracts Nijhum Dweep National Park Noakhali Medha Kachhapia National Park Cox's Bazar Satchari National Park Habigonj Khadim Nagar National Park Sylhet Baraiyadhala National Park Chittagong Kuakata National Park Patuakhali Nababgonj National Park Dinajpur Shingra National Park Dinajpur Kadigarh National Park Mymensingh Altadighi National Park Naogaon Birgonj National Park Dinajpur  Sub-Total 45,745.33

20 B) Wildlife Sanctuaries : Sl. No. Wildlife Sanctuaries Location Area (ha.) Established 18 Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Hobigonj Char Kukri-Mukri Wildlife Bhola Sundarban (East) Wildlife Bagerhat Sundarban (West) Wildlife Satkhira Sundarban (South) Wildlife Khulna Pablakhali Wildlife Chittagong Hill Tracts Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary Chittagong Fashiakhali Wildlife Sanctuary Cox's Bazar Dudh Pukuria-Dhopachari Wildlife Sanctuary Chittagong Hazarikhil Wildlife Chittagong Sangu Wildlife Sanctuary Bandarban Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary Cox's Bazar Tengragiri Wildlife Barguna Dudhmukhi Wildlife Bagerhat Chadpai Wildlife Sanctuary Bagerhat Dhangmari Wildlife Bagerhat Sonarchar Wildlife Patuakhali  Sub-Total 2,24,  Grand-Total 2,70,478.88

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25 Trees sequester and stock carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and take oxygen. Human being and other animals exhale carbon dioxide and survive through inhaling oxygen that trees release. This symbiotic relationship determines one s existence on the other. Furthermore, forests provide food, fodder, fuel, medicine and livelihoods for millions of people. Relationship between Human beings and Forests Carbon dioxide Oxygen

26 Importance of Forest Conservation It is estimated that greenhouse gas emitted from deforestation and forest degradation account for roughly 20% of the total annual green house gas emitted by entire global transport sector

27 Importance of Forest Conservation Over one billion people rely heavily on forest for their livelihood Hundreds of millions rely for medicines from plants harvsted from forests More than two billion, a third of world s population, use bio-mass fuel for cooking and heating their homes. A large proportion of community people meet their protein needs from the forest through hunting and fishing.

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30 Picture of taking fuel wood

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32 This is How Forests are Degraded

33 A Sustainable Model for Conservation of Protected Areas

34 Collaborative Management of Protected Areas Two-tier Structure with people drawn from various strata of the society who have stake with the Forest and those who are related to power structure and enforcement of law A Co-Management Council consisting of 35 members Co-Management Committee consisting of 29 members elected democratically by the members of the Council from amongst them.

35 Structure of the Co-management Council Advisers Member of the Parliament 2. Upazila Chairman 3. Divisional Forest Officer Members Local Elite 05 (Teacher, Doctor, Social Worker, Journalist, Freedom Fighter, Religious Leader) Local Govt. Admin. and Govt.- 16 ( UNO, ACF,RO, BO, Police, BGB, UP ) Local Stakeholders -39 ( Forest Resource User, Indigenous People, Forest Conservation Club, Patrolling Group, Federation ) Govt. Service Provider-05 ( Agriculture Extension, Fisheries, Environment, Youth, Social Welfare )

36 Members of the Co-management Committee Adviser Divisional Forest Officer 2. Upazila Nirbahi Officer Members Assistant Conservator of Forest - 01 Range Officer- 01 (Member Secretary) Local Govt. -02 Local Elite -02 Federation - 06 Forest Conservation Club-02 Forest Resource User Representative-01 Representative of Indigenous Community - 02 Representative of Patrolling Group- 03 Representative of Law Enforcing Authority- 02 Representative of Govt. Institution - 01 Beat Officer/ Station Officer- Maximum 05 Nearest Range Officer- 01

37 Protection Mechanism Patrolling Group Members of the patrolling group are drawn from the members of the Co-management Council selected by the Co-management Committee on certain agreed principles. These are people who have direct stake with the forest and are given incentive in the form of support for income generation (in kind). No of members vary but usually consist of 21 to 42 members

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42 Incentive for the Community Income from Eco-tourism Gate money collection from the visiting tourists. Proportion (50%) of the money collected is spent on projects or works that benefit the community people as whole. In Lawachara National Park the income was in -----and the share of the community was

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