The Nexus between Forest Legality and Landscape Restoration

Transcription

1 The Nexus between Forest Legality and Landscape Restoration René Zamora-Cristales, PhD Forest Legality Week, Washington DC October 24, 2018 WITH SUPPORT OF:

2 Why Landscape Restoration?

3 Bonn Challenge, Initiative 20x20 and AFR Bonn Challenge Restoration for Food, energy and water security and conservation of ecosystem functions for rural development Iniciativa 20x20 and AFR100 Landscape Restoration in Latin America and Africa

4 Landscape Restoration Reclamation: Restore highly degraded mined lands Landscape Restoration Highly disturbed and polluted mined lands Conservation: Avoided Degradation Forest Restoration: Ecological restoration of structure and composition Sustainable productive agriculture and forestry Rehabilitation: Agroforestry, Silvopastures Degraded Agricultural Lands including grasslands Non-Degraded Agricultural Lands Restoration: Restore key ecosystems on agricultural lands Rehabilitation: Climate smart agriculture Restoration: Ecological restoration of structure and composition

5 Landscape Base Line Forest Coffee Sugar cane Grains Cattle Ranching areas Urban centers Other crops Agroforestry Systems (no Coffee) Índice de Sostenibilidad Biodiversidad Carbono Medios de vida Carbon Forest Cover Trees OF Infiltracion acuiferos regulación Hidrica # floods # jobs Governance # landslides

6 Landscape under Restoration Forest Coffee Sugar Cane Grains/ AS Silvospastures Cities Reforestation Agroforestry System (no Coffee) Índice de Sostenibilidad Biodiversidad Carbono Medios de vida Carbon Forest Cover Trees O.F. Infiltracion acuiferos regulación Hidrica # floods # jobs Governance # landslides

7 Investments in Productive Restoration Silvopastures carbon soil water Livelihoods Production Biodiversity Agroforestry and low carbon agricultura Grassland Restoration Avoided Deforestation Reforestation

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10 Strategic Planning CONAFOR plan nacional de restauración; Península de Yucatán Estrategia Nacional de restauración de paisaje forestal (ENRPF) Plan Nacional de Restauración (PNR) Programa Nacional de Restauración de Ecosistemas y Paisajes (PREP) Plan Maestro Paisajes Sostenibles Programa Nacional de recuperación de áreas degradadas (RAD) Plano Nacional de recuperacao da vegetacao nativa (PLANAVEG) Source:

11 Main Barriers to Scaling Up Restoration Finance Source:

12 Impacts of Forest Ilegality on Landscape Restoration Social Under employment Forest Illegality Economic Environmental Public Benefits Private benefits Loss of Productivity Taxes: Income, sales and others Incentives Deforestation Increasing costs to compete Decreasing benefits due to lower prices Source: Adpated from INAB, 2010

13 Landowner CO 2, FP, ES, WFP Year, 0 Planning Horizon

14 Government Degradation and Deforestation Sales Tax Lumber Income Tax Sales Tax Logs Standing Timber Tax

15 Not just Timber Ownership of the Forest Resource and Land (Riparian Forest in Guatemala) Negative Incentives (Colombia and conversion illegal crops) Source:

16 Changing Technical Requirements to Access to Restoration Incentives New regulations must consider new reforestation arrangements not necessarily 3x3 Regulation must be based on type of Forest to be restored (Dry vs Rain Forest) Basal Area criteria Source:

17 Law Enforcement How do we influence the local and International customers?

18 Dr. René Zamora-Cristales, WRI, Latin America Research Coordinator, Initiative 20x20, World Resources Institute Deputy Coordinator IUFRO Division 3.01, Road Networks and Transportation Courtesy Faculty, College of Forestry, Oregon State University Follow us Global Restoration Initiative