Conserving Biodiversity in East African Forests

Transcription

1 Ecological Studies 155 Conserving Biodiversity in East African Forests A Study of the Eastern Arc Mountains Bearbeitet von W.D Newmark 1. Auflage Buch. XII, 200 S. Hardcover ISBN Format (B x L): 15,5 x 23,5 cm Gewicht: 1050 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Chemie, Biowissenschaften, Agrarwissenschaften > Biowissenschaften allgemein > Terrestrische Ökologie Zu Leseprobe schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, ebooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte.

2 Contents 1 What Is Biodiversity? Introduction Defining Biodiversity Genetic Diversity Species Diversity Ecosystem Diversity Ecological and Evolutionary Processes The Eastern Arc Mountains and Their Biological Significance Geography Geology Soils Climate Forest Cover Protected Area Coverage Level of Knowledge About Biodiversity Evolutionary and Ecological Significance Geographic Comparisons of Species Richness and Endemism Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable Species Relationship Between Global Threatened Status and Endemism Forest Loss in Africa and Tanzania Forest Loss in the Eastern Arc Mountains Primary Causes of Forest Loss in the Eastern Arc Mountains Small-Scale Agricultural Expansion Commercial Logging

3 X Contents Large-Scale Agricultural Expansion Cultivation of Cardamom Exotic Softwood and Hardwood Plantations Collection of Fuelwood and Building Poles Designation of the Eastern Arc Mountains as a Globally Threatened Ecosystem Importance of Biodiversity Medicinal Plants Food Plants Cooking Fats Honey Production Wildlife as Food Building Materials Household Items Long-Burning Fuels Dyes Ornamentals Cash Crops Additional Indirect Benefits of Conserving Biodiversity Water and Soil Conservation Climate Regulation Ecotourism Education and Research Economic Valuation of Forest Products International Convention on Biological Diversity and Biodiversity Prospecting Agreements Current Threats to Biodiversity Deforestation Impact on Species Diversity Impact on Ecosystem Diversity Impact on Ecological Processes Forest Fragmentation Change in Size and Isolation Change in Microclimate Change in Rates of Predation, Pollination, Seed Dispersal and Parasitism Forest Degradation

4 Contents Primates Large Mammals Small Mammals Birds Arthropods Plant Communities Natural Tree Falls and Gaps Over-Exploitation Plants Animals Introduction of Exotic Species Exotic Tree Plantations XI 5 Site-Specific Knowledge Important for Conserving Biodiversity Distribution of Biodiversity Patterns of Species Richness Comparison Between Eastern Arc Mountains Elevational Zonation Patterns of Endemism Comparison Between Eastern Arc Mountains Elevational Zonation in the Usambara Mountains Trends in Populations of Keystone and Indicator Species Keystone Species Indicator Species Critical Ecological and Evolutionary Processes Minimum Area Requirement of Extinction-Prone Species Relationship of Local People to Adjacent Forests Land Tenure Sacred Sites Utilization of Forest Products Impact of Human Activities upon Biodiversity Attitudes of Local People What Can Be Done in the Absence of Important Site-Specific Information? Site-Specific Activities Useful for Conserving Biodiversity Biophysical Mapping of Resources Wildlife Corridors

5 XII Contents 6.3 Ecological Monitoring What to Monitor Conservation Initiatives Integrated Conservation and Development Projects Soil and Water Conservation Projects Conflict Resolution Projects Village Woodlot Projects Enhancing Protected Area Institutions Summary and Conclusions References Index