Survival and growth analysis of aspen hybrid families in the Central Chernozem area of Russia

Transcription

1 Survival and growth analysis of aspen hybrid families in the Central Chernozem area of Russia Raisa P. Tsareva 2, Anatoly P. Tsarev 1,2 Vadim A. Tsarev 2, Olga V. Komarova 2 1 Petrozavodsk State University, Russia; 2 All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Russia; tsarais42@mail.ru Ipc25berlin2016.com - Poplars and Other Fast- Growing Trees - Renewable Resources for Future Green Economies Sep 13 to 16, 2016 Berlin, Germany Researches during were supported by the Ministry of Food and Agriculture of Germany, the project MaRussiA.

2 The environment classification of P. Pogrebnjak and growth of aspen in Central forest-steppe - stand quality class lines of aspen by A. Tsarev A sand B poor sandy loam C rich sandy loam D chernozem E food land 0 very dry 1 dry 2 fresh 3 humid 4 damp

3 From these data we can see that the aspen is more sensitive to moisture of soils than to fertility of them. So the high productivity aspen stands must be created at fresh and moisture soils. But such environments is not always are accessible for forest tree stands. So foresters must use more poor and dry soils.

4 Experiment Research results about survival and growth were obtained on aspen hybrid collection established in 1982 by V. Petrukhnov at Semiluky (Voronezh region) experimental site. The soil is typical chernozem on the watershed slope to the river Veduga. Site type D1. Unfortunately it is dry and luck of soil moisture for favorable growth of aspen. The plantation was established with 9 hybrid and 2 half sibs families on area of 0,93 ha

5 List of hybrid combinations 1. P. tremuloides P. tremula (local), 2. P. davidiana P. tremula (local), 3. P. tremula X1 P. tremula (local), 4. P. tremula X2 P. tremula (local), 5. P. davidiana P. bolleana, 6. P. tremula (local) half sibs, 7. P. canescens P. tremula (local), 8. P. Yablokovy P. tremula (local), 9. P. tremula, (Obojan) P. canescens, 10. P. tremuloides P. bolleana, 11. P. davidiana half sibs.

6 General view of V. Petrukhnov hybrids collection On front view hybrid family P. tremula (Obojan) x P. canescens (M. Veresin) Age 29 years, mean height 20,1 m, mean diameter 28.0 cm, mean stem volume 0,60 m³ wood stock 223 m³/ha. Semiluksky forest nursery. Voronezh region. September Photo courtesy by A. Tsarev

7 Aspen survival and growth results of 2010 years The over-all survival of all planted aspen family at the age of 29 years was 53.8 %. The wood volume hybrid varied from 129 to 508 m 3 /ha. The hybrid families: P. tremula X 2 x P. tremula (local), P. tremuloides x P. bolleana and P. tremuloides x P. tremula (local) were the best in productivity. Their mean stem volume at the age of 29 years was m 3 Their wood stock varied from 267 to 508 m 3 /ha. During of his life the stand has endure two strong droughts (2003 and 2010). More strong drought was in 2010 year which consequences are presented below.

8 Number of trees, ex Dynamics of all hybrid aspen trees survival on the experimental plot Age of trees, years

9 examples 180 Survival of hybrid and half-sib aspen off-springs tr-ides x loc dav x loc X1 x loc X2 x loc dav x bol loc halfsib can x loc Yabl x loc Oboja x can tr-ides x bol dav halfsib Age, years

10 Survival aspen hybrid family after drought 2010 Overall survival has decreased over 5 years after the drought of 2010 in different families in %. The most resistant to the manifestation of the drought in 2010 was the family : - P. Yablokov x P. tremula local (drop intact for 5 years is 21 %); - P. tremula local half-sibs (down 34%); - P. tremula X2 x P. tremula local (down 35%). In hybrid aspen families from P. davidiana decline in survival was more significant (55-75%).

11 m Dynamics of heights, m tr-ides x loc dav x loc X1 x loc X2 x loc dav x bol loc halfsib can x loc cm Dynamics of diameters, cm tr-ides x loc dav x loc X1 x loc X2 x loc dav x bol loc halfsib can x loc 5 Yabl x loc 5 Yabl x loc Age, years Oboja x can tr-ides x bol dav halfsib Age, years Oboja x can tr-ides x bol dav halfsib m³ 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 Dynamics of stem volumes, m³ Age, years tr-ides x loc dav x loc X1 x loc X2 x loc dav x bol loc halfsib can x loc Yabl x loc Oboja x can tr-ides x bol dav halfsib

12 m³/ha 600,0 500,0 400,0 300,0 200,0 100,0 Dynamics of wood stock, m³/ha tr-ides x loc dav x loc X1 x loc X2 x loc dav x bol loc halfsib can x loc Yabl x loc Oboja x can 0, Age, years tr-ides x bol dav halfsib

13 Growth aspen hybrid family after drought 2010 In General, the wood stock has decreased over 5 years after the drought of 2010 in different families in %. The smallest decrease in the stock observed in the following families: - P. Yablokovy x P. tremula local (the fall of the stock 17 %); - P. tremula X2 x P. tremula local (down 22%); - P. tremula half sibs (down 29%). The greatest decrease wood stock was observed in the hybrids P. davidiana x P. bolleana (78%) and P. tremuloides x P. bolleana (68%). But even more dramatic drought impact was on the annual current increase in stock, which in 5 years has decreased from 20 % (halfsiblings of P. tremula) to 82 % (P. davidiana x P. bolleana).

14 Survival and annual current wood increase in 2010 survival,% growth,cub m/year Survival and annual current wood increase in 2015 survival,% growth,cub m/year % Degradation of survival and growth after drought 2010 in 2015 survival degradation,% annual increase growth degradation, %

15 In conclusion we want to show the some hybrid aspen. families and trees which are enough good for that environmental conditions. Half-sib of local P. tremula. The age of 35 years. Height 20 m, diameter 36.6 cm, trunk volume 0.95 m³. Forest nursery Semiluksky. Voronezh region Photo courtesy by A. Tsarev.

16 The best drought resistant and fast-growing genotypes may be used for science and practical needs to establish productive and resistant aspen plantations. P. Yablokovy x P. tremula local Age 32 years. Average height - 22 m, average diameter cm, average trunk volume 1.06 m³. Collection of V. Petrukhnov aspen hybrids. Forest nursery Semiluksky. Voronezh region Photo courtesy by A. Tsarev.

17 Thank you very much for your attention!