Seed and Plant varieties

Transcription

1 Seed and Plant varieties Maria Losi CRA SCS September, Outlook The importance of seed quality Seed certification as a key element of a seed policy Listing of varieties and certification of seed CRA SCS the seed certification agency in Italy Why using certified seed 2

2 Seed and Plant varieties The importance of seed quality Genetical Technological Phytosanitary characteristics 3 Seed and Plant varieties Seed certification as a key element of a seed policy Seed policy: a statement of principles that guide government action and explain the roles of relevant stakeholders in the coordination, structure, functioning and development of the seed sector 4

3 Seed certification a quality assurance system governed by a regulatory framework and implemented by an independent agency to ensure farmers access to quality seed 5 International framework for seed rules OECD Seed of agricultural and vegetable species UNECE Seed potatoes ISTA Seed testing UPOV Variety description EU Directives Seed legislation 6

4 Pillars of the EU directives on the marketing of seed Listing of varieties Certification or/control of seed 7 Listing of varieties The member states must ensure that a variety is accepted only if it is: distinct, stable and uniform. In case of agricultural plant species the variety must be of satisfactory value for cultivation and use 8

5 Responsibilities and procedures for listing: the actors in Italy Ministry of Agriculture Technical Committee Co ordination Centre DUS Testing sites VCU Network Variety Meeting 9 Vigone (TO) Torino Chivasso (TO) Durum wheat Soft wheat Autumn barley S. Angelo Lodigiano (LO) Lodi Tavazzano (LO) Vercelli Novara Bergamo Pavia Podenzano (PC) Arezzo Fontanella (BG) Parma Marciano della Chiana (AR) Verona Mortegliano (UD) Palazzolo d. Stella (UD) Lonigo (VI) Padova Ceregnano (RO) Rosolina (RO) Masi S. Giacomo (FE) Ravenna Imola (FC) Tolentino (MC) Foggia Spring barley and oats Vegetabes Corn Fodders Potato Rice Battipaglia (SA) Sanluri (CA) Palermo Catania 10

6 Seed and Plant varieties 11 Seed certification 1. fields inspection 2. inspection during processing and packaging of seed 3. seed sampling 4. seed testing 5. labelling 6. post control test 12

7 1. fields inspections Inspection during processing and packaging of seed 14

8 3. seed sampling Seed testing 16

9 5. labelling post control test 18

10 CRA SCS National seed certification agency OECD designated authority National ISTA seed testing station Examination office for CPVO (durum wheat, rice, vetch, artichoke) Listing of varieties Research activity Consultation activity International activity (EU, OECD, UPOV, CPVO, ISTA, UNECE) 19 CRA-SCS is included in the Department of Biology and herbaceos production of CRA one of the four CRA DPT 20

11 CRA SCS 4 Departments for seed certification 5 Seed testing stations 3 Phytopatology laboratories 3 Experimental stations (28 ha) Rented land network (5 ha) 21 Seed figures in Italy (2014) in brackets 2011 figures Turnover: 1,3 billion Euro per year (2011) Seed companies: Agricultural crops: 222 (250) Vegetables crops: 61 (75) Seed producers: 8995 (8.000) farmers Surface for seed production: ( ) ha Certified seed: ( ) ton 22

12 Samples tested for seed certification per year: (20.000) Private samples (incl. ISTA): (10.500) Monitoring GM seed: (2.000) Plots for post control Agricultural: (3.600) Vegetables: (800) Official tags printed: 12 million = 23 Varieties tested for listing in Italy from 2004/2005 to 2014/

13 Certified seed by species Durum wheat 37% Soft wheat 25% Rice 9% Fodder 8% Other species 21% 25 26

14 Whyusingcertified seed? Food security Traceability of production Guaranteed and ready to go Healthy Higher yield Respecting the environment Compliance with seed marketing legislation Supporting innovation 27 28