Contributions to the presentation of the Caraș-Severin County by modern methods

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1 Volume 21(3), 33-38, 2017 JOURNAL of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology Contributions to the presentation of the Caraș-Severin County by modern methods Curița Ileana Florina 1, Rosca Cristina Marița 1, Panici Petre Alexandru 1, Moatăr Mihaela* 1, Ciolac Valeria 1 1 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Banat "King Mihai I of Romania" Timisoara, Faculty of Horticulture and Forestry, Calea Aradului 119, Timisoara, RO , Romania; 2 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Banat "King Mihai I of Romania" Timisoara, Faculty of Agriculture, Calea Aradului 119, Timisoara, RO , Romania; *Corresponding author: mihaelamoatar@yahoo.com Abstract Western Plain is one of the most affected regions from Romania by land degradations process. Apparently monotonous and oppressive expansion and elevation, Caraş-Severin County is located in the South- Western part of the country; it has an area of 8520 km 2, which represents 3.6% of the country's surface. The share of the reliefs on the territory of this county is slightly different from that in the national territory, so the mountains occupy 65.4%, the hills 10.8%, the depressions 16.5% and the plains only have 7.3%.It is located in the West Development Region and consists of 2 municipalities, 6 towns, 69 communes and 287 villages. There are 3 national parks, 1 natural park and 47 nature reserves on the territory of Caraş- Severin County. The total area of the protected natural areas in the county is ,8 ha, representing 20,4% of the county's territory. Key words Geographical Information Systems, cartographic representations, national parks, Natural Reserves The forests and other forest vegetation occupy an area of ha, which represents 48% of the county's area, being the second largest in the country. Information Geographic Systems along with GPS technology have been able to provide highly accurate information on the location, relief, hydrography and biodiversity of a particular geographical area (1). The present paper aims to use these modern techniques to contribute to the presentation of Caraş-Severin County. Material and Methods In order to accomplish this paper, the first stage of the work was the creation of the database. It has been individualized the studied area and its current limits. Current or earlier cartographic materials were accessed, but statistical data was collected from specialized institutions or public databases were accessed. All these have made possible the realization of some cartographic representations related to the location, the relief, the territorial administrative organization of Caraş-Severin County and the presentation of three national parks located on the territory of this county. Caraş-Severin County is located in the South- Western part of Romania; it has an area of 8520 km 2, which represents 3.6% of the country's surface. In terms of size, Caraş-Severin County is the third largest in the country. 33

2 Fig. 1 Location of Caraş - Severin County ( The share of the reliefs on the territory of Caraş - Severin County is slightly different from that in the national territory, so the mountains occupy 65.4%, the hills 10.8%, the depressions 16.5% and the plains only have 7.3%. In these conditions, the county can be considered a mountain county. Fig. 2 The Relief of Caraș - Severin County ( It is part of the West Development Region and consists of 2 municipalities: (Reşiţa and Caransebeş), 6 towns (Anina, Băile Herculane, Bocşa, Moldova Nouă, Oraviţa and Oţelu Roşu), 69 communes and 287 villages. 34

3 Results Fig. 3. Administrative organization (by: The forests and other forest vegetation occupy an area of ha, which represents 48% of the county's area, being the second largest in the country, each inhabitant having a hectare of forest. There are 3 national parks, 1 natural park and 47 nature reserves on the territory of Caraş-Severin County. The total area of the protected natural areas in the county is ha, representing 20,4% of the county's territory. National Park Semenic - Cheile Carașului is a protected area of national interest. It has an area of ha and includes 10 nature reserves. The main element of the aprc is varied relief. We meet karst surface (key) or deep (caves). The natural area has several types of habitats, such as: Luzulo-Fagelum beech forests; Asperulo- Fagelum beech forests; Beech forests of the Cphalanthero-Fagion type; forests of Tilia-Acerion on the slopes; alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior; oak and hornbeam forests, low altitude meadows; Pannonia grasslands; herbaceous vegetation on the banks of the mountain rivers; woody vegetation along the watercourses that harbor a diverse range of flora and fauna. The park's fauna is a diverse one and is represented by several species of mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles protected by law. The flora of the park is made of distributed vegetal species. 35

4 Fig. 4. Map of forestry holdings in National Park Semenic- Cheile Carașului ( National Park Cheile Nerei-Beuşniţa is a protected area of national interest located on the southwestern border of the country and south of the Anina Mountains (Figure 1.5). It has an area of ha and includes the karst area on the middle course of the Nera River the course of the Bei stream, including Dracului Lake, the famous Beuşniţa waterfalls, Ochiul Beiului Lake and Şuşara cascade. Fig. 5. Map of National Park Cheile Nerei-Beușnița (after: National Park Domogled - Valea Cernei is a protected area of national interest located in the southwestern part of Romania, on the territories of Caraş- Severin, Mehedinţi and Gorj (Figure 1.6). The protected area has an area of ha and is a mountainous area with rocks, limestone steep, peaks, valleys, caves, waterfalls, streams, meadows and forests. 36

5 Conclusions Geographic Information Systems allow the mapping of the location, relief, organization and territorial administration of Caraş - Severin County as well as the presentation of three national parks located on its territory. Caraș-Severin County has an area of 8520km 2 and is a mountainous county, with the mountains occupying 65.4% of its territory. On the territory of the county there are three national parks, one natural park and 47 natural reserves. References 1.Banu C., Banu T., Moatăr Mihaela, Ştefan Carolina, Banu T., Stanciu S., 2013, Research on the evolution of the precipitations in period in the Municipality of Timişoara and their effect crop protection forest curtain Technology park alternative energy and photovoltaic park from Covaci, Timiş County, Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, ISSN , Vol. 17(2), ; 2.Banu C., Moatăr Mihaela, Ştefan Carolina, Banu T., Stanciu S., 2013, Research on the temperatures, in , in the Municipality of Timişoara and their effect crop protection forest curtain Technology park alternative energy and photovoltaic park from Covaci, Timiş County, Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, ISSN ,Vol. 17(2), ; 3.Chisăliţă I., Moatăr Mihaela, Ştefan Carolina, 2010, Administration reform and restructuring state forests, Scientific papers Farm Management, Series I, Vol XII (2), ; Fig. 6. National Parc Domogled- Valea Cernei 4.Crăciunescu A., Mihaela Moatăr, S. Stanciu., 2014, Comparative study in Romania and European states regarding the management afforestation lands, Lucrări ştiinţifice Management Agricol, ISSN , Seria 1, vol. XVI (4), 2014, pag ; 5.Crăciunescu A., Ion Chisăliţă, Mihaela Moatăr, Sorin Stanciu, 2014, Soil degradation processes frequently found in Romanian West, Plain Agrobuletin AGIR, ISSN , nr. 3 (17), pag ; 6.Iancu T., R. Gherman, 2008, The conversion of the peasant farms in agro-touring farms alternative incomes for the rural communities, Lucrări Ştiinţifice, Facultatea de Management Agricol, Seria I, vol X (3), 11-14; 7.Moatăr Maria Mihaela, Lăzureanu A., 2010, Research on the measurements used in the test areas located in production Steierdorf III, Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, Vol XIV (3), ; 8.Moatăr Mihaela, Lăzureanu A., Chisăliţă I., 2011, Research on the measurements taken (used) in the sample areas, located in unit III production Steierdorf, Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, ISSN , Vol XV (4), 77-81; 9.Moatăr Maria Mihaela, 2014, Researches concerning the behavior of torrents correction works from Valea Miniş River Watershed, Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, Vol. 18 (3), 73-76; 10.Sencu V.,Băcanu, 1976, Județul Caraș-Severin, Ed. Academiei. 11.Stanciu S., 2008, The impact of EU accession on the development of administrative capacities in the Central and Eastern European states, Lucrări Ştiinţifice Seria I, ISSN: , Vol X (3), ; 12.Stanciu S.M., 2014, Land fusion a priority in the Romanian agrarian policy action, Lucrări Ştiinţifice, Seria I, Vol XI (3), ; 37

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