Pantheon and its use for Analysing Woodland Habitats. Jon Webb Senior Invertebrate Specialist

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1 Pantheon and its use for Analysing Woodland Habitats Jon Webb Senior Invertebrate Specialist

2 The Good Old Days (and now) Resources: flowers, bare ground Heathland assemblage Early successional Heathland Quality Indices Common 1 Local 2 Scarce 4 Rare 8 Numbers Nationally rare Score Nationally scarce S41 Species Resource Groups Number IUCN threatened Flowers 13 Bare Ground 56 Scrub 21

3 Reasons for Developing Pantheon Set and define terms Develop a system useable by non-experts Management recommendations for sites Produce Quality Indices for e.g. for notification of new SSSIs

4 What it does Joint development between Natural England (NE) and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH)

5 Summary of Metadata 12,000 invertebrate species matched to habitats, resources etc. -Historically used to assess nature conservation -Good ecological data -Accessible specialist and experts 25,000+ not included -Poor data -Taxonomically difficult -No accessible specialist c150 man-days of NE Entomologist time since 2013 to input data

6 Taxa used: Group Number Beetles 3,600 True flies 3,200 Moths and butterflies 1,800 True bugs and plant hoppers 940 Spiders, Harvestman and Pseudoscorpions 700 Bees, ants and wasps 611 Mayflies, Stoneflies and Caddisflies 280 Freshwater and brackish molluscs 169 Other Insects 160 Centipedes & Millipedes 124 Dragonflies and damselflies 52 Woodlice 45 Other Freshwater Species 28

7 Undertaking the typing Exercise Reference literature: identification manuals, atlases, other publications Added to spreadsheet Specialist knowledge to standardize terms Water s edge Drawdown zone Exposed mud Wet sediment Developed trait nesting

8 Woodland Traits and Habitats Tree-associated (broad biotope) 4,270 Shaded woodland Floor (habitat) 1,350 Arboreal (habitat) 1,530 Decaying Wood (habitat) 1,390

9 Arboreal Honey dew/sap visitor Foliage feeder Tree species Canopy Woodland type Carr/wet woodland Trunk and Branch Terrestrial requirement Inflorescence Leaves/stems Wood edge Coniferous woodland Bark miner Bird nests Epiphyte assoc. Pupate in soil Flowers Young Mature trees Broadleaved Moss Feed on leaves in soil Fleshy fruits Old Understorey Lichens Predatory larvae Seeds Leaf miners Bark predator Inquilines Nectar

10 Dead Wood Resources (simplified) Dead Wood Canopy type Fungal fruiting bodies Flower visitor Heartrot Bark & Sapwood Decay Broadleaved Tree cavities Decaying wood Wet hollows Wood mould Sap runs Bark Dead trunk and branches Roots Conifer Red rot Rot hole detritus Dry wood mould Beetle galleries Trunks and posts Freshly dead roots Moist red rot Tree pools Moist wood mould Beneath tight bark Aerial dead branches White rot Inundated rot holes Beneath loose bark Freshly dead trunk and branches Moist white rot Beneath mouldy bark Stumps Cambial layer Atrecus affinis: catholic predator in dead wood. Cambial layer submerged wood

11 Dead Wood Resources (simplified) Dead Wood Canopy type Fungal fruiting bodies Flower visitor Heartrot Bark & Sapwood Decay Broadleaved Tree cavities Decaying wood Wet hollows Wood mould Sap runs Bark Dead trunk and branches Roots Conifer Red rot Rot hole detritus Dry wood mould Beetle galleries Trunks and posts Freshly dead roots Moist red rot Tree pools Moist wood mould Beneath tight bark Aerial dead branches White rot Inundated rot holes Beneath loose bark Freshly dead trunk and branches Moist white rot Beneath mouldy bark Stumps Cambial layer Pocraerus tibialis: specialist predator in trunk cavities in ancient trees Cambial layer submerged wood

12 Dead Wood Resources (simplified) Dead Wood Canopy type Fungal fruiting bodies Flower visitor Heartrot Bark & Sapwood Decay Broadleaved Tree cavities Decaying wood Wet hollows Wood mould Sap runs Bark Dead trunk and branches Roots Conifer Red rot Rot hole detritus Dry wood mould Beetle galleries Trunks and posts Freshly dead roots Moist red rot Tree pools Moist wood mould Beneath tight bark Aerial dead branches White rot Inundated rot holes Beneath loose bark Freshly dead trunk and branches Moist white rot Beneath mouldy bark Stumps Cambial layer Ancistocerus parietum: solitary wasp nesting in old beetle borings and feeding on caterpillers Cambial layer submerged wood

13 Dead Wood Resources (simplified) Dead Wood Canopy type Fungal fruiting bodies Flower visitor Heartrot Bark & Sapwood Decay Broadleaved Tree cavities Decaying wood Wet hollows Wood mould Sap runs Bark Dead trunk and branches Roots Conifer Red rot Rot hole detritus Dry wood mould Beetle galleries Trunks and posts Freshly dead roots Moist red rot Tree pools Moist wood mould Beneath tight bark Aerial dead branches White rot Inundated rot holes Beneath loose bark Freshly dead trunk and branches Moist white rot Beneath mouldy bark Stumps Cambial layer Violet Click Beetle Cambial layer submerged wood

14 4270 Tree Associated Species. Of these 1390 Dead Wood species (Saproxylic). Larval requirements: Xylophagous % mostly in sapwood Saprophagous % Bird s nests, wood mould etc Fungivore % On fruiting bodies and fungal infected wood Predator / Parasite % Some eat wood to find prey Other % 226 (16%) flower visitors as adults

15 Work in progress

16 Work in progress

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19 Pantheon: The Current Situation Prototype ready Steering Group: Natural England, CEH, UEA and Buglife 2016: Review typology & add more to report pages 2017: Publish a 1 st version Pantheon online Future: Modular expansions