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1 Timber jack C HSM-904 ( ) (// : // : ) Timber jack- 450C HSM-904. Timber jack 450C.. HSM904. HSM904 Timber jack 450C / HSM904 Timber jack ( ).. /. HSM904 Timberjack 450C * : rnaghdi@guilan.ac.ir - : - : : *

2 ... Timber jack C-450 HSM C / / Jourgholami, Timberjack450C / Timberjack 450C () / (Najafi et al,. 2007). HSM 904. (Parsakho et al., 2009). HSM 904 Timberjack 450C. -...(Sobhani & Naijnoori, 2006)..(Naghdi, 2004). Eghtesadi, ) (Sobhani & Ghasemzade, 1990) ).(1991 ( Feghhi, ) (Naghdi et al., 2005).(1990. / / (Abeli,1996) Sokoine. ( Ledoux & Huyler, 2001)

3 .( ) -. () ().. / / / /. () (Egan & Baumgras., 2003) -..(Wang et al., 2004) C ( ) HSM -904 Timber jack Appalachian

4 ... Timber jack C-450 HSM-904 / HSM 904 / t t n. E S Timberjack 450C. HSM904 ) ( - / Timberjack450C / (IUFRO,1995) 2 t s n = 2 E 2.(Zobeiry, 2000) ()

5 () Rial CS( ) = 3 m 3 VEL( m ) TOC( Hour) + ADT( Hour) SC 3 AVC( m ) 3 VEL( m ) VEL CS TOC ADT SC AVC.(Javadpoor, 2006) HSM904 Timberjack. (). Timberjack / HSM904 / Excel. SPSS... (Sobhani & Rafatnia, 1997).. HSM904 Timberjack450C - Timberjack / HSM904 / Timberjack / / / / / / HSM904 / / / / / / Timberjack / / / / / / HSM904 / / / / / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

6 ... Timber jack C-450 HSM-904 v t d sw (). n Timberjack450C. Timberjack450C. t = 2 / / 0273d + 0/ 485sw + 0/ 601n + 1/ 24v - / / / Timberjack 450C. Minitab14 (). () Timberjack450C. / / F / Timberjack450C - / / R 2 % / Sig /. / / / / / / / / / / / / D Y (). V HSM904. HSM904. y = 3 / / 0346d + 1/ 74v

7 HSM904 - / / /.( ) / / / / / HSM / / / F / %R 2 / Sig / %. / / / / / / / / /.

8 ... Timber jack C-450 HSM-904 timberjack hsm فاصله چوبكشي (متر) هزينه واحد توليد (به ريال) - هزينه واحد توليد ) ريال) hsm904 timberjack 450C حجم بار (متر مكعب) -... Timberjack450C ). HSM904 (

9 HSM904, / - / / Timberjack450C, / // () () (%) (%) ) (.. Timberjack450C

10 ... Timber jack C-450 HSM-904 ) / ) / ) ( (.(Jourgholami, 2005) ( Timberjack450C HSM904 HSM904 HSM904 Najafi, ).() (2007. Timberjack450C..() HSM904 Timberjack450C HSM904 Timberjack450C. Timberjack450C Egan & Baumgras ( Wang and et al (2004) 2003 ) (IUFRO, 1995) (Jourgholami, 2005) ( ) Timberjack450C HSM904.. HSM904.. () Timberjack450C HSM904 /)Timberjack450C /)HSM904 (. (

11 - Abeli, W. S Comparing productivity and Costs of three sub grading machines, Journal of forest engineering. 51: Egan, A. and J. Baumgras A statewide study of ground skidding and harvested stand attributes in Appalachian hardwood stands. Forest Products Journal. 53(9): Eghtesadi, A. (1991).Study Method of Wood Extraction from Forest to Factory Yard in Nekah Forest. MSc.thesis, College of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran, 144 pp - Feghi, J. (1990). Evaluation of two Harvesting Mechanization Systems. MSc thesis, University of Tehran, Iran - IUFRO Forest work study.nomenclature.test Edition valid International Union of Forestry Research Organisations WP Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Operational Efficiency, Garpenberg, 16 pp - Jour Gholami, M. (2005) Study of efficiency, production and cost of large and small skidders (Case study of TAF and Optimum road spacing of ground based 112 skidding operations Timberjack 450 C). MSc Thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tehran University - Javadpoor, J Study of wood extraction system in two planned and unplanned landing conditions (Asalem northern Iran). MSc Thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, Guilan University - Ledoux,C.B. and Huyler,N.K Comparison of two cut-to-length harvesting systems operating in eastern harvdwoods. Journal of forest engineering. 12(1): Naghdi, R. (2004).Comparative study of tree length and cut to length logging method. PhD thesis, College of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran, 320p - Naghdi, R. N.Rafatnia, H.Sobhani, G.H.Jalali, and S.M. Hosseini, (2005). A Survey of the Efficiency of Timber Jack 450C Wheeled Skidder in Sheared Forests. Journal of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran, 57(4) Najafi, A. Sobhani, H. Seed, A. Makhdom, M. Marvi mohajer, M.R. ( 2007 ). Time study of Skidder HSM 904. Journal of the Iranian Natural Resources. Vol. 60, No. 3, 2007, pp Parsakhoo, A. Hosseini, S A Lotfalian M Jalilvand, H.2009.Efficiency and Cost Analysis of Forestry Machinery Usage in Hyrcanian Forests of Iran. World Applied Sciences Journal 6 (2): Sobhani, H. and Rafatnia, N Forest harvest planning instruction. Forest, range and watershed organization of Iran. Paper no pp. - Sobhani, H. and Ghasemzadeh, R The Study of Effects of Skidding by Wheeled Skidder. Journal of Natural Resources. (41): Wang, Jingxin; Long, Charlie; McNeel, Joe; Baumgras, John Productivity and cost of manual felling and cable skidding in central Appalachian hardwood forests. Forest products journal 54(12) : Zobeiry, M., Forest Inventory (Measurement of Tree and Stand). 1st Edn., Tehran University Publisher, Iran, ISBN:

12 Journal of Forest and Wood Products (JFWP), Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, Vol. 63, No. 1, pp Evaluation of Production and Cost of HSM-904 Skidder and Timber Jack C-405 in Forests of Wood and Paper Industries of Mazandaran R. Naghdi *1, A. H. Firouzan 2, M. Nikooy 1 and K. Barari 3 1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, I. R. Iran 2 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University of Lahijan, Lahijan, I. R. Iran 3 MSc. Graduate, Islamic Azad University of Lahijan, Lahijan, I. R. Iran (Received: 12 May 2009, Accepted: 05 May 2010) Abstracts In this research, hourly production and wood extraction costs of HSM-904 and Timber jack C-405 wheeled skidders were evaluated. This research was carried out in compartments 6 and 8 of Sorkh Kolah district in Wood and Paper Industries Forest of Mazandaran. Skidding factors (costs and production) were evaluated using work study and time study techniques. A mathematical model of skidding time was determined for each skidder. The effective factors of the mathematical model for Timber jack skidder was volume per turn, skidding distance and winching length and for HSM-904 skidder was volume per turn and skidding distance. Hourly system production was calculated using time study based on IUFRO guideline. Hourly cost was calculated using guideline from Forest, Rangeland and Watershed Management Organization of Iran. The results showed that the net production (without delay time) was 11.3 and 8.7 cubic meters per hour for Timber jack and HSM-904 skidders, respectively. Skidding costs (with delay time) were and Rials per cubic meters for Timber jack and HSM-904, respectively. Keywords: Timber jack skidder, HSM-904, Hourly production, Skidding cost, Time study *Corresponding author: Tel: , Fax: , rnaghdi@guilan.ac.ir

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