Establishment of a Forestry Research Network for ACP countries (FORENET) 9 ACP RPR 91#1. FORENET reference number APPLICATION FORM FOR A GRANT
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1 FORENET reference number 1. Identification sheet APPLICATION FORM FOR A GRANT Name of the applicant Dr. Olga Diane YONGO (Central African Republic) Project title Characterization and valorization of non timbers forest products (plants, animals and fungi) in Makokou Study site of the project Ipassa-Makokou Budget requested from FORENET Euros Budget from co-funding Euros Duration of the project 3 years Postal address of the applicant BP 908 Avenue des Martyrs, Bangui, Centrafrique Phone numbers of the applicant Tel. : (+236) Corresponding person for the project (name, full address) Dr Olga Diane YONGO University of Bangui Faculty of Sciences Collaborating Institutions (names, full addresses, corresponding person s address) Collaborating scientists (names, rank, addresses, nationality, institutions, country) BP 908 Avenue des Martyrs, Bangui, Centrafrique - Gabon: IRET-CENAREST, BP , Libreville, Gabon, Tel. : (+241) Cameroon: - ICRAF; BP Yaoundé, Cameroon Tel. : (+237) IRAD; BP 2123 Yaoundé, Cameroon Tel. : (+237) RCA: - ICRA, BP 1762, Bangui (Central African Republic), Tel. : (+236) Université de Bangui Faculté des Sciences BP 908, Avenue des Martyrs, Bangui, Centrafrique Tel. : (+236) Equatorial Guinea: INDEFOR APDO 207, Bata, Equatorial Guinea Tel. (+240) Université de Kisangani, BP 2012, Kisangani, RDC Tel. : (+243) NGOYE Alfred; Dr Obiang Engone Nestore, Dr Okouyi; Dr Ngok Banak; IRET-CENAREST BP , Libreville, Gabon, Tel. : (+241) Dr TCHOUNDJEU Zacharie, ICRAF BP Yaoundé, Cameroon; Tel. : (+237) please note that co-funding is not a prerequisite, indicate the amount only if available 1
2 2. Abstract of the project (maximum: 1/2 page) 3. Mr MENGUI-TOGNY; ICRA; BP 1762, Bangui (Central African Republic) 4. Dr YONGO Olga Diane (Central African Republic) Université de Bangui; Faculté des Sciences BP 908, Avenue des Martyrs, Bangui, Centrafrique Tel. : (+236) Pr. NDJÉLÉ Léopold (DRC); Université de Kisangani BP 2012, Kisangani, DRC Tel. : (+243) NGUA Gabriel; INDEFOR, APDO Bata, Equatorial Guinea, Tel. : (+240) KIMPOUNI Victor, Université de Marien Ngouabi École Normale Supérieure BP 69 Brazzaville, Congo 10. Dr MOSSÉBO Dominique Université de Yaoundé 1, Cameroon The development of on farm agroforestry based Non Timber Forests Products (NTFPs) is gaining a global interest due to its capability of improving the livelihoods of poor, especially rural communities. Participative domestication is therefore the key tool for empowering local people and optimizing income from forest and related resources (plants, fauna and fungi). In that mission, the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) is the key partner. However, the development of a valuable agroforestry products (plants, fauna and fungi) requires a cautious selection of species to be domesticated, an analysis of marketable agroforestry NTFPs, consumer demand, market chains (local, regional, international), competition, investment channels, as well as a sound analysis of benefits and risks of available agroforestry NTFPs. CONCEPT NOTE FOR SUBMISSION OF A RESEARCH PROJECT TO FORENET (Maximum: 6 pages) 1. Project description (maximum: 2 pages) (Main goal and specific objectives, context, problematic, research methodology, expected results, activities) 1.1 Context and problematic The importance of on farm Non Timber Forests Products (NTFPs) is gaining global interest due to the increasing recognition of its ability to improve the livelihoods of poor, especially rural communities. Million households world-wide depend heavily on NTFPs for subsistence and cash income and 80 percent of the population of the poor countries use NTFPs (food and food additives, fibres, plants, animal and fungi) as a mean of survival. In Africa for instance, more that 250 million people depend on the forest for their livelihoods. However, few researchers have carried out an extensive inventory of useful NTFPs (plants, animal and fungi) with potential for agroforestery development in their studies, especially in the region of Ipassa-Makokou (Gabon). 2
3 It is worldwide recognised that local people have a great knowledge of the forest and related resources. Local knowledge can provide useful information on biota, human communities and practices, and the surrounding environment. However, many researchers have little paid attention on the utilization of anthropological methods (ethno zoological and ethno botanical) as a mean of understanding local people practices and uses. According to Given and Harris, (1994), anthropological methods are particularly important to study the interaction between people and their environment, the interaction between plants and animals as well as human practices. There is considerable evidence throughout the developing world that smallholder farmers (peasants) can improve their livelihoods by being involved in participative agroforestry tree-production and value chains (collection, processing, collective sale of farm products, etc). Thus, agroforestry technologies can help farmers to increase their productivity, provide cash crop and direct access to products needed for household use such as fuelwood, fungi, fruit, etc. However, several constraints limit farmers from participating in the value chains among them: lack of organizational capacity to successfully assess market risk; lack of information about market opportunities; lack of capital and limited skills about how to produce and transform products to meet market opportunities. ICRAF in partnership with national research institutes in the region will therefore be working on reinforcing the capacities of the rural population (peasants) thorough the acquisition of the techniques of participative production non woody forest products, disseminating appropriate agroforestry technologies (requiring little know-how and low capital inputs), improving their food security, income, and the living conditions of the rural populations. The study carried by Ndoye et al, (1999) showed that NTFPs play a crucial and sustain the livelihoods of many rural poor communities around developing countries. Highly used NTFPs in the Humid West and Central Africa, are in order of importance Irvingia gabonensis, Dacryodès edulis, Palm oil, Dacryodès marcrophylla, Dacryodès butnerii, Coula edulis (Adewusi, 2004). In the Congo basin region, the income obtained from the sale of Dacryodes generally enables the poor classes to better face school expenses as it coincides with the start of the new school year while a 50 kg sack of Irvingia gabonensis generally costs FCFA whereas the same sack of cocoa costs FCFA (Tchoundjeu et al., 2006). Others researchers pointed out that NTFPs have a major role to play in many local agroforestry systems and could offer a viable approach to realizing the potential of several under-exploited NTFPs. However, the development of NTFPs face a number of hindrance such as lack of authentic and reliable statistics on production and value of NTFPs; lack of research and technology development for NTFPs; Inappropriate and unsustainable harvesting methods of NTFPs; local and national policies discouraging farmers from participating in markets (charcoal production is often illegal) or fail to regulate trade where needed (case of herbal medicines). weak market structure and there is no assured supply of products. Experience has shown that market demands of NTFPs can provide significant incentives for farmers to put in place tree growing s program and cultivation to produce goods for sale. However, the development of a valuable agroforestry products requires a cautious analysis of marketable NTFPs agroforestry, consumer demand, market chains (local, regional, international), infrastructure (transport and storage), competition, investment channels, as well as a sound analysis of benefits and risks of available agroforestry NTFPs and categories of people (gender, poor, chronically ill, marginalized, youth). Achieving this will probably contribute to build reliable market mechanism to assure a supply of 3
4 agroforestry NTFPs, suitable market interventions and improve prices of agroforestry NTFPs producers incomes. 1.2 Objectives The main objective of the work is to improve the living conditions of the rural populations in a sustainable environment by the development of the productive non woody forest products. The targeted specific objectives are the following: - to inventory the useful non woody forest products (Animal, plants and fungi); - characterization of ethno zoological and ethno botanical practices and used; - to reinforce the capacities of the peasants for the acquisition of the techniques of participative production of productive non woody forest products ; - to valorized the non woody forest products ; - Identification and characterization of non woody forest products market 1.3 Methodology On site selection will be done in order to choose the sampling unit and sampling percentage of the useful non woody forest products (plants and fungi). Plants and mushroom sampled and initially identified on site will be send the national herbarium of Gabon for further scientific identification. For each sample, a descriptive card will be filled out and they will comprise the following information: scientific name, vernacular name, biological type, morphological, standard type of fruit, appearance, GPS localization, date, etc. Interviews build on direct and semi-direct questions will be used in order to specify the relationships between the local populations-forest-environment as well as the mode of exploitation of NTFPs. Investigating the importance of rural people s practices and use of useful NTFPs will be based on questionnaires (direct and semi-direct) that will investigate the traditional knowledge of Pygmies, traditional healers through ethno zoological and ethno botanical studies. Appropriate sampling unit and sampling percentage of all the relevant stakeholders of the study will be chosen prior to the beginning of the study. Following the inventories carried out, priority useful non woody products forest will be selected for vegetative multiplication. These priority products will have to be those which are usually consumed and/or marketed by the local populations. Regarding the lack of mastering of agroforestry technologies by rural populations, the ICRAF will be the suitable partnership for dissemination of agroforestry technologies to the peasants in a participative manner. ICRAF will also focus on training and reinforcing the capacities of these peasants as well as enhancing the capacity of institutions and local people to improve their food security as well as raising their the living conditions. Market analysis will also be carried out in order to assess the risk and market potential of agroforestry NTFPs by putting in place products that will meet consumers demand, suitable market interventions and increase income of producers of agroforestry NTFPs. 1.4 Expected results The expected results are: - Useful animals, plants and fungi are identified and characterized; 4
5 - the checklist of non woody forest products are established; - the market of woody forest products is known; - practices and uses of non woody forest products are known - control of production of some non woody forest products 1.5 Activities From an operational point of view, this project is organized in five activities: 1) Inventory of all useful non woody forest products in Makokou region and characterization the use practices; 2) Establishment of production unit of non woody forest product (use of the techniques of vegetative multiplication); 3) Integration of the species improved in the agricultural systems; 4) Training of the various actors of the project 2. Positioning of the project within FORENET thematic funding priorities Tropical forests and climate change mitigation with a focus on forest degradation Climate change impacts on practices and livelihoods of local people x x Optimising income generation from forest goods and services Enhancing capacity of local people and institutions to manage forest ecosystems 3. Positioning of the project on the research-development continuum (maximum: 300 words) The current project will be conducted at the Ipassa-Makokou reserve (MAB biosphere reserve). This project focuses on improving the living conditions of the rural populations through the development of productive non woody forest products from agroforestry systems. Participative domestication techniques will be the key tool for enhancing the capacity of institutions, empowering local people in order to raise their level of income through techniques appropriation. Appropriation of these techniques by local people will particularly contribute to the sustainable use of NTFPs in the region. 4. Expected uses and users of research results (maximum: 300 words) The stakeholders of the project are those people who depend directly and indirectly on the forest and related resources such as plants, animals and mushroom. In the particular case of this study, stakeholders are industrialists (forestry company, tree growers, farmers, the bee-keepers), local authorities (local administrations and governmental agencies), local population (local/native populations), and the departments in charge of the scientific research, agriculture, the tree breeding, water and forestry management, the environment, health as well as students, teachers, traditional healers, pharmacologists, and professionals of botany. 5
6 5. Project duration and time table (maximum: ½ page) Activities Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 NTFPs inventory and characterization (uses and practices) of local population Priotization of species (plants and fungi)to be domesticated Development of vegetative multiplication s techniques of plants and fungi Integration of improved NTFPs in the agricultural systems Marketing of domesticated NTFPs Training Publication of results 6. Budget summary and indication of co-funding (maximum: 1 page) FORENET Co-funding Activities Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Personnel * Supplies and operations Equipment Training / workshop International travels National travels Publications Other expenses TOTAL BUDGET * The co-financing in nature corresponds to the wages of the executives, the civil servant and the supporting personnel implied in the execution of the project. 6
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