WOBAMA. Wood based materials and fuels. Monica Ek Project coordinator KTH Royal Institute of Technology

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1 WOBAMA Wood based materials and fuels Monica Ek Project coordinator KTH Royal Institute of Technology

2 A PROJECT COORDINATED BY KTH WORKPACKAGES COORDINATED BY THE ACADEMIC PARTNERS

3 A European Project

4 The WOBAMA Project Pulping Cellulose Films Cellulose deriva:ves Bark Hemicelluloses Composites Composites Adhesives

5 DISSOLVING PULP PROCESS FOR MORE THAN TEXTILES FOCUS ON BARK AND POLYSACCHARIDES

6 Work packages 1 2 Pre-extraction of hemicelluloses Post-extraction of hemicelluloses Production of bioethanol of second generation Cellulose functionalization for high-tenacity films and biocomposites Hemicellulose functionalization for adhesives

7 Pre-extraction of hemicelluloses 1 2 Selective removal of hemicelluloses Limited degradation of sugar and recondensation of lignin Prehydrolysis Hydrolysate Kraft cook Black liquor Oxygen stage Bleaching Acetate-grade pulp

8 Cellulose content up to 95% before bleaching 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 9,1% 15,4% 2,9% 5,5% 28,7% 27,2% Cellulose% Lignin% Glucomannan% Xylan% 40% 0,4% 30% 20% 10% 40,2% 40,7% 29,7% 0,0% 1,0% 0% Pine%wood% Prehydrolysed%chips% Non<bleached%PHK%pulp%

9 Post-extraction of hemicelluloses

10 Enzymatic treatment + extraction Xylanase: 120 min, 2000 AXU/g, 70 C, buffer 11 mm NaH 2 PO mm Na 2 HPO 4 Extraction: 30 C, 10 wt% NaOH, 3 wt% Na 2 B 4 O 7

11 Reduction of hemicelluloses 8,7 9,4 1,9 0,6 81,9 Post-extraction 97,5 Xylan, % Glucomannan, % Cellulose II, % Yellowness Transmittance, % Molar mass, kg/ mol Pine A grade Spruce Hemlock Our pulp

12 Formation of Cellulose II due to extraction alkalinity

13 Bleaching ability of prehydrolysis kraft pulps Autohydrolysis Hydrolysate Kraft cook Bleaching Cellulose Effective Alkali and T Kappa numbers Oxygen (O) Ozone (Z) Peroxide (P)

14 PHK pulps respond better to oxygen delignification than kraft pulps Control kraft PH Kraft Unbleached O O O O O O

15 Cellulose functionalization to high tenacity films PHK dissolving Generally Hydrothermal treatment [Emim + ] [OAc - ] Casting Z

16 Films become transparent

17 FROM BARK TO NANOFIBRES Bleaching Hydrolysis Sonication Cellulose fibers Cellulose suspension CNC Myriam Le Normand

18 ALL-POLYSACCHARIDES NANOCOMPOSITES CNC10 CNC20 CNC30 CNC40 CNC50 Myriam Le Normand

19 Production of nanocellulose and nanocomposites from forest residue Pine chips Needles Branches % cellulose

20 Two different approaches Chemical treatment CNC + Hemicellulose % Enzymatic treatment CNF 15 % CNC + Hemicellulose % 15 % CNF

21 POLYESTERS AND COMPOSITES BASED ON BIRCH SUBERIN BIRCH BARK EPOXY ACID POLYMER COMPRESSION MOLDING Generally Dongfang Li

22 RESULTING COMPOSITE IS HYDROPHOBIC Dongfang Li

23 WOOD POLYSACCHARIDES AS ADHESIVES GUMS MODEL FOR HEMICELLULOSES LOCUST BEAN GUM/ GUAR GUM XANTHAN GUM TAMARIND GUM Emelie Norström

24 SURPRISINGLY GOOD BOND STRENGTH, WATER AND HEAT RESISTANCE 16 D1 D2 WATT Tensile shear strength [MPa] D1 D2 WATT 91 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN Ref: PVAc Locust bean gum Emelie Norström

25 >30 CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONS AND ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS

26 Best oral presentation prizes Lidia Testova at Cellulose, cellulose regenerates and cellulose derivatives, Örnsköldsvik 2012 Emelie Norström, KTH at EPNOE 2013

27 WOBAMA summer school Grenoble-INP Pagora, Aug 26-27, 2013

28 Acknowledgements The WOBAMA-team

29 Acknowledgement Wobama Team Eva Malmström Tommy Iversen Linda Fogelström Myriam Le Normand Dongfang Li Rosana Marina Torró Emelie Norström Herbert Sixta Terhi Toivari Lidia Testova Dariusz Wawro Christine Chirat Satyajit Das Dominique Lachenal

30 Monica Ek Project coordinator, Professor