Climate, water management and adaptation in the Chaco Salteño region of Argentina

Transcription

1 Climate, water management and adaptation in the Chaco Salteño region of Argentina Ana Murgida - Universidad de Buenos Aires Programa de Investigación sobre Recursos Naturales y Ambiente IWRA.IDRC CRDI. Clean Energy and Water: an Assessment of Services for Local Adaptation to Climate Change. Brasil September 2011

2 QUIENES SOMOS???? Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI)-(IDRC) UBACyT Interdisciplinario Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)

3 Murgida, A. Climate, water management PURPOSE Explain the pathways of transformation on the relationship between hydroclimatic variability and processes agrobusiness in semiarid/ sub-humid areas in the Chaco plain in Salta, Argentina.

4 AREA DE ESTUDIO Murgida, A. Climate, water social y natural? Murgida, management A. Climate, and water adaptation. management

5 Murgida, A. Climate, water management and adaptation. - balance precipitation and evapotranspiration Gradient +E-W mm annual water needs: wet, crop, soybeans limosidad agriculture possible

6 Murgida, A. Climate, water management

7 Murgida, A. Climate, water management

8 changes in the technological system redistribution of resources 8

9 Murgida, A. Climate, water management

10 Murgida, A. Climate, water management

11 Murgida, A. Climate, water management Murgida, A. Climate, water management historical sequence of adaptive practices in the Chaco Salteño accumulation of degradation public and private mechanisms (general) appropriation - production forest, land and water society

12 Murgida, A. Climate, water management (historically) legal access to water related to land tenure occupation with/without permission private ownership. legitimacy of access water law - custom - political decision & association

13 Murgida, A. Climate, water management traditional ideologic and material territorial criterion who had the rights to the land, also had the right to water colonia: "acquired rights : acquired rights + same rules public domain 1940: origin and length of the occupation - type of production time- hierarchy + spatial - economic

14 Murgida, A. Climate, water management traditional ideologic and material territorial criterion 1946 repealed "acquired rights 1990: private control - management of water productive - domestic decentralization of functions associations of irrigation users promoted efforts to guarantee additional water time- hierarchy + spatial economic + "quantity" (capital hectares)

15 Big users ha Medium users : ha. Small farmers 20 y 30 ha distribution technology technical knowledge amount more than available Leyes de excepción amount available amount available withdrawal dam withdrawal common withdrawal common Criollos minimal amount withdrawal precarius y clandestins Pumping well Contract technical team. innovations, experimentatio n consorcio unadvisored Innovations + tradition Consorcio/Satate tradición Escasa innovación. un-asesorated. Traditional thecniques 15

16 the perception of security associated with a long production cycle is challenged by wet observation of a distribution is the region of reversal in trends in precipitation for the past 25 years: an alert to review the technologies used in the area.

17 Murgida, A. Climate, water management Pressure on small producers 17

18 forest area were changing its average IVN 1982/1999 IVN en Baldi 2008

19 seguridad y alerta Storm tendencia Deforestation culture Variations on the climate urban floodss run-off, erosion, water logging Anegamiento de terrenos groundwater cultivados, inundaciones elevation urbanas expulsion of un-tenured population Compaction - degradation soil Anegamiento de terrenos cultivados, inundacones urbanas

20 20

21 Murgida, A. Climate, water management

22 22