Joe Collins. University of Kentucky

Transcription

1 Joe Collins Office of the State Entomologist University of Kentucky

2 Ash Trees dying in Detroit Thought is was disease for a while In 2002, Emerald Ash Borer was confirmed in Detroit Larvae live in wood Thought to have been in solid wood packing material, pallets, etc 1.2 billion pallets per year are in circulation in US!

3 Biology One generation per year Mid May 450 degree days Feed Mate Lay eggs Tunneling Top of tree

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5 Caution: must be over 18!

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7 EAB feed and develop in ALL ash species No evidence of larval survival or development on any non ash species EAB prefer Green>Black>White>>Blue ash EAB prefer N. American ash to Asian ash Surveys should focus on preferred trees (green ash) More research needed to develop resistance and attractive lures

8 What We Did

9 Nursery Inspections

10 Homeowner calls

11 New tactic endorsed by USDA: Trap Trees

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13 Even better tactic: Purple Traps 2008

14 Projected Trap Area 2008

15 2008: Set 3000 purple traps

16 2009: Set 6000 purple traps starting in May

17 Trap placement 2009

18 May 18, 2009 Emerald Ash Borer found for the 1 st time in Kentucky In 2 different counties on the same day!

19 1 st find: Jody Thompson, KY Division of Forestry Suspicious site in Shelby Co. Didn t see any EAB evidence Took log back to office Morning May 18 he spotted a green beetle & brought it to UK Eventually got 25 beetles out of the log!

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21 Homeowner visit that afternoon Jessamine Co near Fayette Co line ash trees in backyard D shaped dholes, serpentine galleries, dying di trees Peeled the bark and found EAB larvae! Official confirmation from USDA for both samples May 19, 2009

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24 Media Attention State Ash Trees Falling Victim to Emerald Ash Borer Pesky Ash Borer Infestation Confirmed Here Emerald AhB Ash Borer Confirmed at Two Locations in Kentucky Baseball s Bug Problem The Beetles Invade Kentucky Lots more homeowner calls

25 Not all green bugs are EAB!

26 Quarantine to slow the spread

27 Inspected all purple traps Fall 2009

28 Greenup county

29 Positive Traps 2009

30 Purple traps again in 2010

31 Trap placement 2010

32 Positive Traps 2010

33 Positive Traps 2009 & 2010

34 Orange = positive via purple trap Yellow = homeowner calls Blue = field collected adults Pink = symptoms confirmed positive Gray = quarantined but no eab found yet

35 Purple traps led to the discovery of a brand new insect in Kentucky in 2010

36 The Keystone Light Bug!

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38 What to look for

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40 Symptoms Crown Dieback Epicormic p Shoots

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44 Serpentine Galleries

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46 D-shaped exit holes

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48 Woodpecker damage

49 Bark Splits

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51 Tough to rely on those symptoms for HH Site - EAB Density by Height early detection N o. EAB per square mete er < 6 ft 6-15 ft > 15 ft Sample height aboveground (ft) Larvae Holes No o. EAB per sq quare meter LL Site - EAB density by Height Larvae Holes From Michigan State University, Sept < 6 ft 6-15 ft > 15 ft Sample height aboveground (ft)

52 Ash trees have more problems than just EAB Native ash borers: clearwing moths Ash/lilac borer Banded ash clearwing Have been bad lately

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57 Long term solution? USDA Biological Control Project EAB egg ~1 mm Oobius agrili Solitary egg parasitoid Tetrastichus spp. Gregarious larval endoparasitoid 60% reduction of EAB in a Chinese forest Spathius agrili Ectoparasitiod Found parasitizing up to 90% of EAB larvae in China

58 Cerceris fumipennis Biosurveillance tool Native ground nesting wasp Sparse vegetation Hard packed, relatively sandy soil

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61 Public outreach

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64 Natural Bridge

65 emeraldashborer.info Google: insecticide options EAB

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67 For the time being we have Regulatory quarantines Chemical Public Outreach

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69 What is Regulated? Quarantined areas are regulated for: Emerald Ash Borer in any life stage Ash nursery stock Green non treated ash lumber

70 Logs, stumps, roots, branches, composted and uncomposted wood chips ash limbs, or other ash products All hardwood firewood Ash logs Ash pallet stock Anything else determined to be a risk of spreading EAB.

71 Businesses of concern for Emerald Ash Borer Movement and Regulations It is estimated that more than 20, businesses are affected by the Emerald Ash Borer. This includes businesses operating within quarantine boundaries and outside quarantine boundaries. Nurseries, Sawmills, Loggers, Trucking Companies, Veneer Makers, Firewood Dealers, Campgrounds, Landscapers, Greenhouses, Tree Services, Pallet Makers, Parks State and Federal, Black Ash Basket Makers, Forestry Companies, Paper mills, Packing Companies, Furniture Makers, Energy Producers, Municipalities, City Planners, John Q. Public, etc

72 Yes Can Regulated Articles Be with conditions Moved? Compliance agreements (CA) Legal document Both the shipper and/or the receiver must have a CA before regulated articles are moved CA s are tailored to fit each situation CA s are renewed every year

73 Types of Compliance Agreements Approved facility to treat EAB outside QA Approved Mill inside QA of another state All Hardwood Firewood (non-coniferous) Kiln Drying Facility Transport of Regulated articles to approved facility Approved facility for heat treatment of WPM inside QA

74 Regulatory Agencies Fd Federal interi state movement Contact USDA APHIS (859) State intra state movement (859)

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