Emerald Ash Borer: Outreach efforts, inventories and random thoughts. Dr. Jason Grabosky Pam Zipse, CTE #426 Rutgers University, SEBS

Transcription

1 Emerald Ash Borer: Outreach efforts, inventories and random thoughts Dr. Jason Grabosky Pam Zipse, CTE #426 Rutgers University, SEBS

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3 EAB Confirmed in NJ Please Note: This map indicates ash in forests. It does not represent ash trees on streets or planted in parks or backyards.

4 emeraldashborer.nj.gov

5 EAB Confirmed in NJ In 2015 shade tree program volunteers worked with the NJ EAB Task Force to set and monitor 75 traps in 9 Counties Photo and map from the NJ EAB Task Force website: emeraldashborer.nj.gov

6 EAB Confirmed in NJ As a result, eight additional locations were identified (Franklin Township in Somerset Co., Hopewell, Hamilton, Princeton, West Windsor in Mercer Co., Edgewater Park in Burlington Co., South Brunswick in Middlesex Co., Allentown in Monmouth Co.) In addition, two locations were identified outside of the trapping program (Hillsdale in Bergen Co., Monroe Township in Middlesex Co.) Map courtesy of Joseph Zoltowski, NJDA

7 EAB Confirmed in NJ Maps courtesy of Joseph Zoltowski, NJDA

8 EAB Confirmed in NJ This is coded by township where individuals have been positively identified, it should not be seen as a set of boundaries for a false sense of security

9 Economic Impact of EAB It is estimated that 80% of the costs related to EAB will be borne by municipal governments and homeowners. June 2006 Urban Ash Trees Pre-EAB Photos by D. Herms, Ohio State University August 2009 Urban Ash Trees Post-EAB

10 Economic Impact of EAB Not Good! EAB has killed many tens of millions of trees across the United States EAB is very difficult to detect in early stages of infestation Ash trees will seem fine, then they will be dead

11 EAB Death Curve Rainbow Treecare Scientific Advancements

12 EAB Death Curve

13 EAB Death Curve and convincing clients there might be a problem In the first years of infestation, the tree will probably look fine Your first indication of trouble will likely be increased woodpecker activity

14 EAB Death Curve Larvae feed on the vascular tissue beneath the bark and prevent transport of water and nutrients This causes rapid tree death once larval populations build up

15 EAB Decision-Making The wave of EAB invasion builds in intensity after it begins damaging trees. For us in New Jersey, at the cusp of the invasion wave, damage is difficult to notice. Indeed most urban forests in cities are lucky to find EAB when 4 or 8% of the trees are infected. This leaves 4-5 years until all ash trees are damaged beyond the point where they can be protected. During the Cusp and Crest Phase of the invasion management needs to be very aggressive because EAB populations are high

16 EAB Decision-Making Purdue EAB Cost Calculator

17 Economic Impact of EAB Most, probably all, untreated ash trees will die. Dead ash trees will dry out and become brittle very quickly This makes the trees more dangerous, and therefore more expensive, to remove

18 Economic Impact of EAB EAB is a near cambium feeder impact to the wood does not extend far beneath the bark. So EAB infestation does not affect the merchantability of the wood. Unless the tree dies and the wood becomes dry and brittle before the tree is removed. There is some wood utilization information on the EAB Website.

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21 EAB Cost Calculator Developed by Purdue University Entomologist Cliff Sadof to help cities find the most cost effective solutions for dealing with EAB. Google Purdue EAB cost calculator

22 EAB Cost Calculator

23 Economic Impact of EAB The Purdue Cost Calculator recommends that you begin management when EAB is found within 15 miles of your location Municipalities in blue are within a 12 mile radius of the confirmed locations Map courtesy of Joseph Zoltowski, NJDA

24 Economic Impact of EAB Even if ash makes up only a small percentage of your (or your client s) tree resource are you prepared to remove them all in just a couple years?

25 EAB Decision-Making You need a Plan! Now! How many ash trees do you have? Where are they, exactly? How big are they? What do you want to do with them? Remove, Replace, Treat which ones?

26 EAB Cost Calculator To run the calculator you will need: An inventory of the number and size of ash trees An estimate of costs for removing and treating trees based on the size of each tree. An estimate of costs for replacing each ash tree that is removed. The calculator has default values, but you will want to adjust these for NJ, ideally for your specific location

27 EAB Cost Calculator Managers have 3 options available for managing emerald ash borer: Treat ash trees with insecticides Remove ash trees Replace ash trees with resistant trees The calculator allows you to model several different treatment and removal combinations and evaluate the every year and cumulative costs of each.

28 emeraldashborer.nj.gov

29 Emerald Ash Borer in NJ Rapid Ash Survey Team

30 Municipality County Ash Tree Count Remove Unsafe Replace All Replace <12" Avg DBH Bordentown Township Burlington 261 $174,554 $257,531 $249, Lumberton Township Burlington 692 $443,129 $687,245 $669, Southampton Township* Burlington 49 $54,676 $73,805 $74, Westampton Township Burlington 148 $105,614 $150,020 $146, County Total 1150 $777,973 $1,168,601 $1,138,889 Chesilhurst Borough Camden 4 $2,508 $1,600 $5, Pine Hill Borough Camden 22 $15,118 $20,092 $26, Runnemede Borough Camden 46 $38,325 $48,485 $63, County Total 72 $55,951 $70,177 $96,108 National Park Borough Gloucester 58 $47,943 $70,056 $59, Newfield Borough Gloucester 3 $1,724 $1,200 $4, Pitman Borough Gloucester 28 $36,983 $47,344 $43, County Total 89 $86,650 $118,600 $107,333 Frenchtown Borough Hunterdon 60 $66,700 $90,540 $96, Milford Borough Hunterdon 118 $131,560 $117,827 $140, County Total 178 $198,260 $208,367 $237,578 Ewing Township Mercer 894 $1,105,075 $1,446,204 $1,259, Hopewell Borough Mercer 79 $77,025 $106,065 $110, County Total 973 $1,182,100 $1,552,269 $1,369,999 Highland Park Borough Middlesex 407 $467,985 $617,118 $556, New Brunswick City Middlesex 293 $220,645 $318,783 $345,545 8 South Amboy City Middlesex 60 $41,046 $56,928 $67, County Total 760 $729,676 $992,829 $969,346 Belmar Borough Monmouth 8 $4,020 $3,627 $8,508 9 Deal Borough 6 Monmouth $6,215 $2,400 $11, Englishtown Borough Monmouth 65 $58,124 $77,597 $94, Farmingdale Borough Monmouth 5 $4,900 $2,000 $5, Keansburg Borough Monmouth 14 $7,488 $12,459 $12,731 9 Roosevelt Borough Monmouth 1 0 $ Tinton Falls Borough Monmouth 321 $302,284 $408,757 $358, West Long Branch Borough Monmouth 25 $6,386 $21,601 $23, County Total 445 $389,417 $528,841 $515,026 Chester Borough Morris 201 $248,587 $309,012 $308, Riverdale Borough Morris 88 $85,407 $108,566 $128, Rockaway Borough Morris 214 $222,560 $294,343 $281, County Total 503 $556,554 $711,921 $718,142 Beachwood Borough Ocean 3 $2,753 $1,200 $2, Ocean Township* Ocean 0 $0 $0 $0 0 Plumsted Township* Ocean 134 $123,628 $164,913 $171, Point Pleasant Borough Ocean 10 $7,679 $6,260 $14, County Total 147 $134,060 $172,373 $187,443 Bound Brook Borough Somerset 88 $90,480 $124,115 $127, Manville Borough Somerset 183 $219,062 $288,010 $269, Raritan Borough Somerset 64 $57,057 $78,456 $87, County Total 335 $366,599 $490,581 $484,167 Newton Town Sussex 108 $118,324 $154,545 $175, Ogdensburg Borough Sussex 50 $55,063 $73,093 $90, Sussex Borough Sussex 43 $37,013 $50,735 $58, County Total 201 $210,400 $278,373 $324,319 Alpha Borough Warren 9 $10,381 $3,600 $11, Belvidere Town Warren 56 $67,799 $88,787 $90, Hackettstown Town Warren 224 $181,101 $249,531 $277, Oxford Township Warren 193 $220,256 $274,307 $275, Phillipsburg Town Warren 71 $79,331 $95,103 $123, "County Total" and "State Total" represent project totals, not actual county or statewide totals Municipalities marked with an "*" were not inventoried in their entirety County Total 553 $558,868 $711,328 $779,347 State Total 5,406 Ash Trees $5,246,508 $7,004,260 $6,927,697 Municipality County CountAsh Tree Count Remove Unsafe Replace All Replace <12" Avg DBH Municipalities marked with an "*" were not inventoried in their entirety Rapid Ash Assessment County Total 553 $558,868 $711,328 $779,347 State Total 5,406 Ash Trees $5,246,508 $7,004,260 $6,927,697 Remove unsafe Replace All Replace all <12 inch "County Total" and "State Total" represent project totals, not actual county or statewide totals

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32 EAB Cost Calculator Develop a strategy that makes sense for your situation, there is no one correct option The cost calculator can compare the approximate short and long term costs associated with different management strategies Consider the environmental consequence for the management choice. But you need to do something

33 EAB Decision-Making Preventive treatment is possible! Treatments are most effective if they are started before the tree is showing signs of infestation Once 30% or more of the crown is showing signs of infestation, it is probably too late

34 Take Home Message: Keep your eyes open! This will impact you, you need to have a plan In many communities, you need to begin acting on that plan now. Map courtesy of Joseph Zoltowski, NJDA

35 Report signs of the beetle to the New Jersey Department of Agriculture at

36 NJ s EAB Task Force NJDA NJSFS USDA-APHIS-PPQ Rutgers University United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

37 Moving to pests in general, like Bacterial Leaf Scorch Plant growth Active ingredient release in pill Time Time Approximate dose in system during metabolism HS Sigmoid release curve ES Time

38 Medicine release Pill three Pill four Take one pill every 6 hours, not to exceed 4 pills over a 24 hour period Pill two Pill one Time Relay dosing over time

39 Plant growth Medicine release Pill three Pill four Pill two Time Pill one Time Perceived plant size Ecosystem Services (ES) Value criterion HS Designed plant size for planned services, visually stable plant size Sigmoid growth curve ES Time Establishment maturity overmature Installation-10% 11-90% 91%-removal

40 Source: Palmer M D The management of tree replacement in mature urban landscapes. PhD Dissertation Burnley College University of Melbourne. adapted from Cobham 1984 p 12 and Hitchmough 1994a p 270.

41 Questions