Flashback Canada. Chapter 3 Confederation Investigated - Answers. Canada West

Transcription

1 Name: MASTER Flashback Canada Chapter 3 Confederation Investigated - Answers Canada West 1. Write the definitions (meanings) of the following key words in your own words: Political Deadlock - When two political parties voted against each other and it was a tie. Neither side would win. Assembly Government offices. Habitants French-Canadian farmers Citadel fortress (like a castle) overlooking a harbor or city Absentee landlord a landlord who lives in Britain but never sets foot in PEI Telegraph a way to send messages along a wire using electric signals. Canada West 2. What new and important natural resource was discovered in Canada West in the late 1850 s? Oil 3. What did the people make using this new resource? Kerosene and asphalt 4. What was Canada West s largest city in 1861? Toronto 5. What did Daniel Massey and Alanson Harris manufacture? Ploughs & mechanical reapers 6. List 5 products that small manufacturing companies in Canada West were producing in the mid-1800 s?

2 Woolen and leather goods, glass, paint, carriages and furniture 7. In the mid 1800 s where did 80% of the population live? Was it in rural or urban areas? Rural areas What was their main job? Farming 8. Name 3 special problems Canada West had in the mid 1800 s. 1. Good farm land was becoming scarce 2. Political deadlock is making it impossible for any laws to get passed in parliament 3. The population of Canada West is now greater than Canada east & Canada East wanted more power in the Assembly as a result. 9. Canada West benefited in 3 ways from a railway that traveled to Halifax, Canada East, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. What were they? It will provide an all-british route for defence, trade, and shipment of goods. 10. Who was Canada West concerned would attack them along the Niagara region and around Prescott? The Fenians 11.Name 3 Fathers of Confederation from Canada West. 1. John A Macdonald 2. George Brown 3. William Macdougall 4. Alexander Campbell 5. Oliver Mowat 6. James Cockburn 7. William Howland

3 Canada East 1. Did most people live in the cities or country in Canada East? Country 2. What was the largest city in Canada East in 1861? Montreal 3. What language did most of Canada East s population speak? French 4. What did the people in Canada East make most of their houses from? Stone Why did they have steep sloped roofs? To keep snow off in the winter 5. What was built to link Montreal to Lake Ontario? A canal 6. What was Montreal s biggest problem with regards to language that still exists today? There are thousands of French who could not speak English and thousands of English who couldn t speak French. 7. What is the primary resource of Canada East? Lumber 8. Name 3 Fathers of Confederation from Canada East 1. George-Etienne Cartier 4.Hector Langevin 2. Alexander T Galt 5. Etienne P Tache 3. Thomas D Arcy McGee 6. Jean Charles Champais 9. Canada East benefited in 3 ways from a railway that traveled to Halifax, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. What were they?

4 It will provide an all-british route for defence, trade, and shipment of goods. 10. Who was Canada East concerned would attack them along the Canadian American border south and east of Montreal? The Fenians

5 New Brunswick 1. What is New Brunswick s most valuable resource other than fishing? Lumber 2. What was the largest city in New Brunswick in 1861? Saint John 3. What are 5 special problems that New Brunswick encountered in the mid 1800 s? 1. Railways cost a lot of money and the British were the only ones that could afford to pay for them. 2. For fear of the railway being attacked, the British wanted to keep the railway away from the US/New Brunswick border but that is exactly where it was needed the most. 3. Without British money to support the railway project, they would only be able to build a small railway. 4. Many were worried about Fenian attacks. 5. The population was small and they would have little influence in Confederation 4. Name 3 Fathers of Confederation from New Brunswick. 1. Samuel Leonard Tilley 5. Edward B Chandler 2. John Johnson 6. Peter Mitchell 3. William Steeves 7. Charles Fisher 4. John Hamilton Gray 8. R.D. Wilmot 5. Why didn t the people from New Brunswick know many people from Canada West and Canada East at this point in history? There weren t many people from New Brunswick who knew people from Canada West and Canada East very well because the railway wasn t connected across the colonies yet. It was too difficult to travel that far! 6. Why did people from New Brunswick hope a railway was built connecting New Brunswick to Canada East and Nova Scotia? They can then establish trade east and west of the province. 7. Why was New Brunswick afraid of an American attack? Many feared that the US would invade New Brunswick to punish Britain for its part in the US Civil war. 8. Why was the New Brunswick USA border difficult to defend against attack? It was difficult to defend because it was long, making it hard to put border patrols

6 at every spot.

7 1. What is the biggest city in Nova Scotia? Halifax Nova Scotia 2. Why was Halifax the main station for the British navy in the west Atlantic? The harbor never freezes 3. Is farming a booming industry in Nova Scotia? Why or why not? No, because only 10% of land was farmland. 4. What are the two major industries in Nova Scotia? Fishing and ship building 5. Why did few people from Nova Scotia know people from Canada West and Canada East in the mid-1800s? A railway wasn t built connecting the colonies yet. Why would they want to fix this problem? They could then trade with the other colonies 6. What are three problems that Nova Scotia encountered in the mid 1800 s? 1. They were worried that new steam ships would take away the business of selling their wooden sailing ship. 2. The US was stopping Free trade with Nova Scotia meaning they would have to find new trading partners to make money. 3. Nova Scotia traded with Britain, the US and the West Indies. They traded very little with the other Canadian colonies. In order to make more money, they would need the railway to be built. 7. Did Nova Scotia feel relatively safe from attack? Yes Why? Many soldiers and sailors lived in Halifax 8. Name 3 fathers of Confederation from Nova Scotia 1. Charles Tupper 4. Adams G Archibald 2. William A Henry 5. Robert Dickey 3. Jonathan McCully 6. John William Ritchie 9. What was the name of the first newspaper in the British North American colonies?

8 The Halifax Gazette

9 Prince Edward Island 1. Is farming a booming industry in Prince Edward Island? Why or why not? Yes, 90% of it was good for farming. 2. Why did P.E.I. have an advantage with regards to sending products to Britain and the U.S.? The colony is surrounded by water so it was easy to ship products 3. What 5 problems did P.E.I have in the mid 1800 s? 1. No farmer on the island owned his own land. The land was owned by Landlords in Britain. Every year, citizens of P.E.I. sent their rent to an Absentee Landlord who lives in Britain but never comes to P.E.I. 2. During the winter, P.E.I. is completely cut off from the mainland due to the extreme Winter conditions. Supplies and mail could not be delivered to the island. 3. P.E.I. is isolated and has little contact with the other colonies. 4. The population is small and in a union with other colonies, it would have few representatives in the government. 5. The government building in Ottawa is a long way from P.E.I. The people in Ottawa making the big decisions would know little about the needs of P.E.I. 4. Why was P.E.I. not afraid of attack from the U.S.? They do not share a common border and the British Navy was nearby in Halifax 5.. Why did Prince Edward Island not support the building of a railway? The colony is an island and a railway could not be linked to them. 6. What is the largest city in P.E.I? Charlottetown 7. Name 3 Fathers of Confederation from P.E.I.. 1. John Hamilton Gray 5. George Coles 2. Edward Palmer 6. Thomas Haviland 3. William Pope 7. Edward Whelan 4. Andrew Macdonald 8. Where do P.E.I. farmers ship most of their unused farming goods? Britain, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.

10 Newfoundland 1. What was the only way to get to Newfoundland from the mainland? Steam boat 2. Describe the area where most Newfoundland people live. Fishing families live in plain, unpainted houses on the cliffs along the coastline. Why do they live here rather than in the middle of the island? The rest of the province is dense forest, swamps and rock. 3. Do most Newfoundlanders depend on farming or fishing? Why is this? Fishing because there was very little cultivated land. 4. What is Newfoundlands main two links to Britain? 1. Trading of fish for manufactured goods such as clothing and shoes 2. The transatlantic cable which sent telegraphic messages. 5. What are the five special problems that Newfoundland encountered at this time? 1. In the 1860 s fishing and hunting was bad due to overfishing/hunting. 2. They were worried that the French would attack and the British wouldn t be able to defend them. 3. They didn t want to lose their independence 4. Ottawa was too far away for Newfoundlanders to have much influence in government 5. Many families were hopelessly in debt to merchants. 6. Why did a railway link to the mainland not interest Newfoundlanders? They had the sea to ship goods and travel on 7. Why did Newfoundland not worry about a U.S. attack? They had the protection of the British navy in Halifax. 8. Name one Father of Confederation from Newfoundland. Frederick B.T. Carter Ambrose Shea 9. What is Newfoundland s largest city?

11 St. John s