SS7 Civics: Ch 1.4. The Forms of Government

Transcription

1 SS7 Civics: Ch 1.4 The Forms of Government

2 The Importance of Government

3 Importance of Government A. A government is the ruling authority for a community.

4 Importance of Government B. There are three primary reasons for why we need government:

5 Keep Order & Provice Security The most important role of government is to rules laws, or of conduct for people to live by. These laws serve to conflict between make prevent individuals groups. nations, or

6 Laws exist to ensure our safety against crimes such as attack theft resolve, and. They also exist to problems with issues do arise. laws To enforce these, the government has the ability to these and decide what happens when they are broken. enforce

7 Provide Services: Government provides services that otherwise would not be available Examples include libraries hospitals,,, and. They also build and repair and, collect and deliver the. Local governments provide and safety, as well as issue for drivers and doctors. schools parks roads bridges garbage mail police fire liscences

8 Guide the Community: Government develops public policy -- which are actions and decisions that are designed to solve community problems. Examples of this can include plans to keep products safe for people to use, or plans to keep the nation from outside attack. safe

9 Most public policy involves some financial kind of planning. This is known as budgeting make, or planning a method to and spend money. Governments also guide the nation by dealing nations agreements work travel trade with other and making with them in terms of,, and.

10 C. In the United States, there are three distinct levels of government. They include:

11 Local Government: This is the level of government closest that is to Americans. This level of government includes your Mayor council local town s and members. The police force is usually the law enforcement arm of this form of government.

12 State Governments: Each of the 50 states have their own laws government. The decide the for the entire state. They set laws for things such as how schools marriage are to be run, what laws are to be enforced, and how to keep the public healthy and. There laws trump those of the level. This level is comprised of the Governors safe local state and the Legislators state.

13 National Government: Finally, the largest, and most powerful level of government Federal is the government. This is the government that operates out Washington D.C. of. Between the three levels of government, this is the most powerful. Neither of the other two levels of government can override the rules laid out by this level

14 As the, their laws are lied out by the which is the Law of the Land. No proposed action can go against the. If it does, the action must be done or away with completely. This level of government includes three branches: the (President), (Congress) and (Supreme Court). Congress Constitution Supreme Constitution changed Executive Legislative Judicial

15 The Types of Government

16 Democratic Governments

17 A. Representative Democracy In this kind of democracy, citizens choose a group of people to represent them, make laws, and govern on their behalf. There are two types of these governments: Republics, like that of the United States, and.

18 B. Constitutional Monarchies The term monarchy refers to a country with a hereditary ruler such as a King or Queen who sits on a throne. However, the monarch has a limited role that is often just ceremonial. Voteors elect representatives to sit in a lawmaking body. The representatives choose a prime minister to head the government.

19 C. Remember, Democracy works of the political principal of majority rule. This means that the majority of the citizens have the authority to decisions make binding on all people.

20 Authoritarian Governments

21 D. Authoritarian Regimes: In these forms of government, there is one person or a very select, small group of people who make laws for all people under their rule. Types of these governments include:

22 E. Monarchies: This is a form of government that is largely outdated today. In this form, a King or Queen rules with 100% absolute power, having to answer to very few people, if any at all. Many European countries have existed under this type of government, however most of these are now the constitutional variety of this.

23 F. Dictatorships: In this form of authoritarian government, the decisions are made by one person with overarching absolute power. Countries that have, at one time or another, operated under this form of government include Cuba, Germany, Italy, and Japan, just to name a few. People who live under this form of no government have freedom. If they speak poorly against the government government, they can be punished by the itself.

24 G. Totalitarianism: Many dictators employ this form of rule. In a totalitarian state, the government controls almost all aspects of people s lives. Totalitarian leaders ban any efforts to oppose them. They take away individual freedom, telling people what they can believe and what groups they may join.

25 H. Socialism: Used in many totalitarian systems, society controls all aspects of the economy, either directly or indirectly through the government. The government, rather than private owners, decides what items industries will produce and what jobs workers will have

26 I. Oligarchies: This is a form of government in which a small group of people holds power. Often, such power was based on wealth. Most, but not all, oligarchies have been viewed as authoritarian

27 J. Theocracies: In this form of government, religious law is the basis of all of society's laws. Often, religious law is absolute and forced upon all of a nation's citizens.

28 Systems of Government

29 A. In the United States, our government is based on federalism. In this form of government, the federal, national or government shares power with the states. individual

30 B. Most countries do not share power in this way. They opt, instead, for a unitarian system of government, where the central government whole complete absolute power.

31 C. The final system of government is what the United States started as, confederal a system of government. In this form, individual states agree to join together freely, with each state governing its own citizens.