Answer with Explanation

Transcription

1 Answer with Date 27/03/ With reference to the Preamble of the Constitution, which of the following statements is/are correct 1. It is a source of power to legislature 2. Its provisions are enforceable in the court of law Select the correct answer using the code given below? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

2 Ans: (d) Statement 1 is incorrect: Preamble is neither a source of power to legislature nor a prohibition upon the powers of legislature. Statement 2 is incorrect: Preamble is non-justiciable, that is, its provisions are not enforceable in court of law. 2. Consider the following statements: 1. The term Socialist was added to the Constitution by the 42 nd Amendment Act. 2. The term democratic used in the Preamble comprises political, social and economic democracy. 3. Ideas of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity in Preamble have been taken from the Russian Revolution. Which of the following statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Ans: (b) Statement 1 is correct: The term Socialist was added to the Constitution by the 42 nd Amendment Act. However, even before the 42 nd Amendment Act, the constitution had a socialist content in the form of certain Directive Principles of State Policy. Statement 2 is correct: The term democratic is used in the preamble in the broader sense embracing not only political democracy but also social and economic democracy. Statement 3 is incorrect: Ideas of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity in Preamble have been taken from the French Revolution.

3 3. Consider the following statements: 1. In the Berubari Union case, Supreme Court opined that the Preamble is not a part of the constitution. 2. The Preamble has been amended only once so far. 3. The term fraternity was added to the constitution by the 42 nd Amendment Act. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only (c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Ans: (a) Statement 1 is correct: In the Berubari Union Case, the Supreme Court while recognizing the significance of the Preamble, opined that Preamble is not a part of the constitution. Statement 2 is correct: The Preamble has been amended only once so far, in 1976, by the 42 nd Constitutional Amendment Act, which has added three new words Socialist, Secular and Integrity- to the Preamble. Statement 3 is incorrect: Three new words Socialist, Secular and Integrity- to the Preamble. The term fraternity was a part of the original constitution. 4. Article 3 of the Indian Constitution deals with which of the following: 1. Increasing the area of any state 2. Altering the name of a state 3. Establishing new states Select the correct answer from the code given below: (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only

4 (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Ans: (c) Article 3 authorizes the Parliament to: (a) form a new state by separation of territory from any state or by uniting two or more states or parts of states or by uniting any territory to a part of any state, (b) increase the area of any state, (c) diminish the area of any state, (d) alter the boundaries of any state, and (e) alter the name of any state. The power to Establish a new state and admit into the Union of India new states is derived from Article With reference to the Fazl Ali Commission consider the following statements: 1. It accepted language as the basis of reorganization of states. 2. It accepted the theory of one language-one state. 3. It was silent on the abolition of the four-fold classification of states under the original Constitution. Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Ans: (b)

5 Statement 1 is correct: Fazl Ali Commission submitted its report on state reorganization in September 1955 and broadly accepted language as the basis of reorganization of states. Statement 2 is incorrect: It rejected the theory of one language-one state. Statement 3 is incorrect: The commission suggested the abolition of the four-fold classification of states under the original Constitution and creation of 16 states and 3 centrally administered territories. 6. Consider the following statements: 1. Union of India is a wider expression than the Territory of India. 2. Being a sovereign state, India can acquire foreign territories through conquest. 3. Power to diminish the areas of a state include the power to cede Indian territory to a foreign country. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2 only Ans: (d) Statement 1 is incorrect: Territory of India is a wider expression than the Union of India because the latter includes only states while the former includes not only the states but also union territories and territories that may be acquired by the Government of India at any future time.

6 Statement 2 is correct: Being a sovereign state, India can acquire foreign territories according to the modes recognized by international law, i.e., cession (following treaty, purchase, gift, lease or plebiscite), occupation (hitherto unoccupied by a recognized ruler), conquest or subjugation. For example, India acquired several foreign territories such as Dadra and Nagar Haveli; Goa, Daman and Diu; Puducherry; and Sikkim since the commencement of the Constitution. Statement 3 is incorrect: The Supreme Court held that the power of Parliament to diminish the area of a state (under Article 3) does not cover cession of Indian territory to a foreign country. Hence, Indian territory can be ceded to a foreign state only by amending the Constitution under Article Consider the following statements: 1. Indian Constitution provides for only a single citizenship, there is no separate state citizenship. 2. States can provide special benefits to its residents in matters that do not come within the purview of the rights given by the Constitution to the Indian citizens. 3. When an Indian citizen voluntarily acquires the citizenship of another country, his Indian citizenship automatically terminates. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Ans: (d)

7 Statement 1 is correct: Though the Indian Constitution is federal and envisages a dual polity (Centre and states), it provides for only a single citizenship, that is, the Indian citizenship. The citizens in India owe allegiance only to the Union. There is no separate state citizenship. The other federal states like USA and Switzerland, on the other hand, adopted the system of double citizenship. Statement 2 is correct: State can provide special benefits or give preference to its residents in matters that do not come within the purview of the rights given by the Constitution to the Indian citizens. For example, a state may offer concession in fees for education to its residents. Statement 3 is correct: The Citizenship Act, 1955, prescribes three ways of losing citizenship whether acquired under the Act or prior to it under the Constitution, viz, renunciation, termination and deprivation. By Termination: When an Indian citizen voluntarily (consciously, knowingly and without duress, undue influence or compulsion) acquires the citizenship of another country, his Indian citizenship automatically terminates. This provision, however, does not apply during a war in which India is engaged. 8. Which of the following rights are conferred both on the citizens of India as well as the foreigners? (a) Cultural and Educational Rights (b) Right to equality of opportunity in matter of public employment (c) Right to life and personal liberty (d) None

8 Ans: (c) Right to life and personal liberty (Article 21) extends to both citizens as well as foreigners. Following rights are available only to the citizens of India: 1. Right against discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth (Article 15). 2. Right to equality of opportunity in matter of public employment (Article 16) 3. Right to freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, residence and profession (Article 19) 4. Cultural and Educational Rights (Article 29 and 30) 9. Article 5 to 11 of the Indian Constitution deal with: (a) Formation of a new state by separation of territory from any state (b) Provisions relating to Citizenship (c) Abolition or creation of legislative council in states (d) Name and Territory of the Union Ans: (b) Article 3: Formation of a new state by separation of territory from any state. Article 5 to 11: Provisions relating to Citizenship Article 169: Abolition or creation of legislative council in states Article 1: Name and territory of the Union

9 10. Consider the following statements; 1. In India, the territorial integrity or continued existence of any state is guaranteed by the constitution. 2. Establishment of a new state requires constitutional amendment under Article Settlement of a boundary dispute between India and another country requires constitutional amendment. Which of the statements given above is/are not correct? (a) 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Ans: (d) Statement 1 is incorrect: Constitution authorizes the Parliament to form new states or alter the areas, boundaries or names of the existing states without their consent. In other words, the Parliament can redraw the political map of India according to its will. Hence, the territorial integrity or continued existence of any state is not guaranteed by the Constitution. Statement 2 is incorrect: The Constitution (Article 4) itself declares that laws made for admission or establishment of new states (under Article 2) and formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states (under Articles 3) are not to be considered as amendments of the Constitution under Article 368. This means that such laws can be passed by a simple majority and by the ordinary legislative process.

10 Statement 3 is incorrect: Supreme Court in 1969 ruled that, settlement of a boundary dispute between India and another country does not require a constitutional amendment. It can be done by executive action as it does not involve cession of Indian Territory to a foreign country. 11 Which of the following is true regarding Banni grassland? (a) It is arid grassland ecosystem in north western part of Assam. (b) Its northern boundary runs along the international border with Bhutan. (c) Brahmaputra river passes through the grasslands. (d) It is believed to be the last known habitat of cheetah in India. Ans: (d) : Statement 1 is incorrect : It is an arid grassland ecosystem in Kutch region of Gujarat. One can also eliminate this option since Assam does not have an arid ecosystem. Statement 2 is incorrect : It is buxa tiger reserve whose northern boundary runs along the international border with Bhutan. One can safely eliminate this option if they are aware of where banni grassland is located. Statement 3 is incorrect : statement is factual in nature which is incorrect. Statement 4 is correct : It is arid grassland ecosystem in Kutch region of Gujarat. It is known for its wildlife and biodiversity protected under reserved forest category. It is believed to be the last known habitat of cheetah in India.

11 Why in news? PM released a book named "Birds of Banni Grassland" 12 Brasilia declaration is associated with which of the following: (a) Education (b) Indigenous Women (c) Gender equality (d) Road safety Ans: (d) : The Brasilia declaration is also known for the creation of IBSA (India, Brazil, and South Africa) forum in Global High-Level Conference on Road Safety hosted by Brazil and WHO adopted Brasilia Declaration on Road Safety. The member countries have agreed to reduce the number of accidents and deaths to half by the year India is a signatory to this declaration. 13 The Sahara forest project frequently seen in the news is a project of which of the following country: (a) Egypt (b) Jordan (c) Tunisia (d) Nigeria Ans: (b) :

12 The Sahara forest project is a project of Jordan to turn desert land into farming land to produce food using sun and sea water. The project seeks to demonstrate innovative application of technology to revolutionize land systems in a way that benefits the climate, people, and businesses. It is funded by Norway and European Union. 14 Xiamen Declaration recently seen in the news is related to which of the following: (a) ASEAN + 6 (b) G20 (c) BRICS (d) SCO Ans: (c) : Xiamen Declaration of BRICS forum was recently adopted. It explicitly called out several Pakistan-based terror organisations and expressed concern on the security situation in the Afghanistan-Pakistan region. It also referred to violence caused by the Taliban, Al- Qaida and its affiliates, including theeastern Turkestan Islamic Movement Haqqani network, Lashkar-e-Taiba, Jaish-e-Mohammad, Tehrik-i- Taliban Pakistan etc. 15: Consider the following pairs: No National Park State 1 Manas National Park Arunachal Pradesh 2 Simlipal National park Assam 3 Anshi National park Karnataka

13 4 Dachigam National park Himachal Pradesh Which of the pairs is/are correctly matched? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 3 only (d) 3 and 4 only Ans: (c ) : No National Park State 1 Manas National Park Assam 2 Simlipal National park Odhisa 3 Anshi National park Karnataka 4 Dachigam National park Jammu and Kashmir