EOC Test Preparation: British North America

Transcription

1 EOC Test Preparation: British North America

2 English Colonies New England Colonies MA NH RI CT

3 English Colonies Middle Colonies NY NJ PA DE

4 British Colonies Southern Colonies MD VA NC SC GA

5 Southern Colonies Jamestown (1607) Joint-stock company, VA Company Wanted to make $$$ off of resources First few years were unsuccessful John Rolfe saved the colonies by discovering tobacco Headright system-fifty acres of land to those who would settle in the colony

6 Southern Colonies Economy Tobacco became the big cash crop Rice and indigo also brought wealth to the south Staple crops and plantation system Indentured servants Not slaves but not treated well Slaves

7 Southern Colonies Society Rich plantation owners (gentry), poor farmers, slaves Public education nonexistent, happened in the home Colonies were established for wealth, not religious reasons

8 New England Colonies Religious dissent was a strong draw to the New World Puritans Pure biblical teaching Plymouth, MA Pilgrims Mass. Bay Colony Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson helped form RI

9 New England Colonies Society Very religious, faith and government tied together Salem Witch Trials Public education and literacy

10 Middle Colonies Religiously tolerant Culturally diverse Economy Farming and trade Wheat, barley, rye Had big cities: New York, Phila., Baltimore Some slavery

11 Middle Colonies Society William Penn, PA, Quakers Friendly with Native Americans Lots of different cultures and religions

12 Colonial Government Salutary neglect Representative governments New England: Mayflower Compact Established an elected legislature and that the gov. got its power from the people Fundamental Orders Thomas Hooker, CT This document said gov. got its legitimacy from people and that there were limits to government power.

13 Minority Groups and the Colonies More freedom for colonial women than British women, but still 2 nd class citizens African Americans arrived in Jamestown (1619) Attained freedom after a number of years, owned land, and even became the masters of indentured servants and slaves Slavery eventually took over, depended on where you lived

14 Magna Carta and Parliament Limited government is based on the rule of law Government and citizens are subject to the law Documented through a charter or constitution Magna Carta Great Charter lead to the creation of Parliament Listed the legal rights of the nobles and limited the king from creating unethical laws

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16 Magna Carta and Parliament Parliament made up of House of Commons (elected officials), House of Lords (noblemen) English Bill of Rights Monarch could not interfere with Parliament elections or impose taxes without consent Common Law-set of laws that all must follow, regardless of wealth or status.

17 Legacy of the Enlightenment 1600s: reason, philosophy, thought Lots of shifts in equality and government John Locke-people born with natural rights that a government cannot take away Also taught that if a ruler was unjust, the people did not have to submit to their will Social contract theory

18 Self-Government in the Colonies England had representative government (enforced by Enlightenment) Colonists thought they should have it too Salutary neglect House of Burgesses-VA, first representative gov. One house elected by people One house appointed by royal governor

19 Self-Government in the Colonies Colonial legislatures Created and passed laws Determined how taxes would be raised Set salaries of royal officials Caused tension between themselves and governor