9. How did the Protestant Reformation cause the Monarchical Revolution?

Transcription

1 Week 1 Absolutism- The Monarch s Revolution 1. What was Barzun s name for the second revolution, the one that came right after the 16th-century religious revolution (the Protestant Reformation)? 2. What government official does Barzun talk most about in this chapter? 3. The last five or so pages of the chapter, The Monarch s Revolution were about what Italian author who wrote the book The Prince? 4. What are the years of our second revolution? 5. What did Barzun mean by The Bog and Sand of Versailles? 6. What did Barzun mean by The Tennis Court? 7. What was the Monarchical Revolution? 8. What brought on the Monarchical Revolution? 9. How did the Protestant Reformation cause the Monarchical Revolution? 10. In what two things did Europeans seek to find unity after the Protestant Reformation? 11. What is a nation? 12. What is a state? 13. What were kings before the Monarchical Revolution? 14. What was a monarch in and after the Monarchical Revolution? 15. Using the second paragraph on the first page of the chapter, how did kings peers, the nobles, rule? 16. Using the second paragraph on the first page of the chapter, how solid were countries boundaries? 17. Using the second paragraph on the first page of the chapter, why did rulers conquer territories? 18. Using the second paragraph on the first page of the chapter, did people yet view the areas in which they lived as nations, territories that combined people of the same culture/religion/language/etc.? 19. Which French king do people think of when they hear the term absolute monarchy? 20. What four things did Louis XIV do that made him an absolute monarch? 21. Using the first two paragraphs after the stars on page 243, what did it take to become a monarch? 22. Using the first two paragraphs after the stars on page 243, why did rulers of larger territories become monarchs? 23. Using the first two paragraphs after the stars on page 243, why did artisans and merchants support monarchs? Q2, Test 1 1 of 6

2 24. Using the first two paragraphs after the stars on page 243, how did the bourgeoisie (the class of the artisans and merchants) serve monarchs better than aristocrats/nobles could serve monarchs? 25. Using the third paragraph under the stars on page 245 through the first full paragraph on page 246, how did Jean Bodin think a country should choose its system of government? 26. Using the third paragraph under the stars on page 245 through the first full paragraph on page 246, how should a French monarch s power, according to Bodin, be checked (held back)? 27. Why did monarchs need the support of the church? 28. Using the second full paragraph on page 248, how were priests, parsons, or ministers the best instrument of telecommunication? 29. Using the second full paragraph on page 248, how did the church keep people in line morally? 30. Using the second full paragraph on page 248, how did the church dispense social services? 31. In what century was divine-right kingship the leading political ideal? 32. According to divine-right theory, who appointed kings? 33. According to divine-right theory, whom did kings represent? 34. According to divine-right theory, what kind of power should kings have? 35. According to divine-right theory, what should kings be able to do to law? Why? 36. According to divine-right theory, why should a nation have a monarch? 37. According to divine-right theory, what are four examples of other things with monarchs? 38. What were the reasons people found absolute monarchy and divine-right theory comforting? Socratic Seminar: James I and Thomas Hobbes 1. James I: How is a king like the father of children? 2. James I: How is the king like the head of a body? 3. According to James I, can a monarch s subjects overthrow or replace him? Why or why not? 4. Hobbes: What is the state of nature like? (nasty, brutish, short) 5. Can you trust other people in the state of nature? Why or why not? 6. Hobbes: What sort of power do people have to give their ruler to escape the state of nature? Q2, Test 1 2 of 6

3 The English Civil Wars 1. The English Civil Wars are a period in the parliamentary monarchy s history in which they lacked which two things for how long? 2. When had the English church pulled away from the Catholic Pope? 3. But what was the English church still like? 4. What did the Puritans want? 5. When were the English Civil Wars? 6. What did James VI of Scotland become in 1603? 7. What did James I do to Scotland and England? 8. What did Parliament get used to during James I s reign? 9. When did Charles I rule without Parliament? 10. What was it called when Charles I ruled without Parliament? 11. When was Charles I beheaded? 12. Who was Oliver Cromwell? 13. When was Cromwell Lord Protector of England? 14. Where had Charles II spent most of his childhood and young adult years? 15. English nobles convinced Charles II to do what? 16. What was the biggest problem with Charles II? 17. Who were William and Mary? 18. What was the movement that William and Mary caused? 19. The nobles of England invited William and Mary to do what? Week 2 Puritanism- Puritans as Democrats 1. What is the image aroused by the name Puritan? 2. It had to be church and, for no people had ever lived in a state without a church, and any reform in the one must affect the other. 3. The name of the book Hobbes wrote was L. 4. What were the Puritans? 5. What is a democrat? Q2, Test 1 3 of 6

4 6. Why does Barzun want to correct the impression of Puritans? 7. Name the fabrications about Puritanism. 8. What were the two facts about Puritanism? 9. Who authored Paradise Lost and is the best-known Puritan poet? 10. Who used John Milton as a propagandist? 11. What was the biggest question for the Puritans? 12. How did Parliament respond when Charles I s Personal Rule was finally over? 13. What did Parliament obviously imagine they would get England s government to be? 14. What were the two groups in the English Civil Wars? 15. What denomination were the Royalists or Cavaliers? 16. What did the Royalists or Cavaliers see themselves as doing? 17. What denominations were the Parliamentarians or Roundheads? 18. How did the Parliamentarians or Roundheads see themselves? 19. How much of England died in the English Civil Wars? 20. Cromwell s life and mind remind one of which Ancient Roman? 21. What did all the groups in England agree on? 22. What kind of system of government must Protestants have? 23. Why is a democracy the only form of government Protestants can have? 24. What three things did the Puritans in America brave? 25. Why did Puritans go to America? 26. What rights did the Puritans want? 27. Oliver Cromwell may be called the founder of the British. 28. American Puritans were against a practice called in which people slept together with clothes on to stay warm. Q2, Test 1 4 of 6

5 Week 3, Reign of Etiquette: Louis XIV 1. Which French king was much too clever to have said The State? I am the State? 2. During whose reign was the blue ribbon decided on as the highest prize? 3. All of the expensive entertainments did not fill every moment of every day. What are the two, rather immoral, things Barzun says occupied the leftover hours of the French royal life? 4. Which French king was the closest to an absolutist king in all of European history? 5. What was the arbitrary rule of medieval kings like? 6. What was absolutism more like? 7. Who was called The Sun King before Louis XIV? 8. What did the nickname The Sun King mean? 9. Who were the two advisors that led the way to French absolutist government? 10. What did Richelieu set up that angered the nobles and why did it anger the nobles? 11. What did Mazarin teach Louis XIV when he was young? 12. How did Louis XIV create political stability? 13. Why can one think of the Palace at Versailles as Louis XIV s theatre? 14. What two reasons did nobles have to continually want to be at Versailles? 15. What was the brilliant way in which Louis XIV got his nobles to compete against each other instead of uniting against the king? 16. What were some of the ways in which Louis XIV would reward nobles? 17. How would Louis XIV decide which nobles to reward? 18. What was the last name of the man who arrested Louis XIV s Superintendent of Finance for corruption and then became the Superintendent himself, causing huge changes to Louis s economic policies? 19. What was the name of the group that gathered at Port-Royal and were in favor of reason, but against Louis s court and the Jesuits in it? 20. Was the man named Fenelon pro- or anti-louis? 21. What was the economy like at the beginning of Louis reign? 22. What did Colbert want? 23. How did Madame Scarron/Maintenon change Louis XIV s court? Q2, Test 1 5 of 6

6 24. What edict did Louis XIV revoke to please his new wife? 25. What happened to France when Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes? 26. Where did French Protestant refugees go to flee persecution? 27. Why, and what movements were involved in it, did court jesters disappear? 28. What is the idea of the European Balance of Power? 29. Why do Europeans think that power on the continent needs to be held in balance? 30. Name the two Frenchmen who have messed up the European BoP. 31. Name the two Germans who have messed up the European BoP. 32. Mention one of Louis XIV s reasons for war. (if you can mention more than one, extra credit) 33. Which author whose name starts with a D expounded on the dream of universal monarchy in a treatise called De Monarchia? 34. How many people went to Louis XIV s funeral? Socratic Seminar: The Edict of Nantes and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes 1. Why did Henry IV grant toleration to the Protestants? 2. How did Henry IV limit the spread of Protestantism in his lands? 3. Why did Louis XIV take away the toleration of Protestants? 4. How did Louis XIV s declaration undermine long-term Protestant resistance? Christianity and Absolutism 1. How important was a Christian worldview to the development of absolutism and why did absolutism fail rather quickly? Q2, Test 1 6 of 6