SS.7.C.2.1 Citizenship

Transcription

1 SS.7.C.2.1 Citizenship ****At the end of this lesson, I will be able to do the following: Define citizenship as stated in the 14 th Amendment Describe the process of becoming a naturalized citizen Evaluate the impact of the naturalization process on society, government, or the political process. **** Terms I need to know at the end of this lesson. Citizen Naturalization 14 th Amendment Alien Immigrant Law of Blood Law of Soil Resident Understanding Citizenship Mark the text in order to answer the below questions. 14 th Amendment, Section 1 The 14 th Amendment passed in 1868 BTW. The Constitution was ratified on September 17, 1787 All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge [take away] the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. (What two things does the 14 th Amendment do?) From Kids Law The 14th Amendment is a very important amendment that defines what it means to be a U.S. citizen and protects certain rights of the people. The Citizenship Clause gives individuals born in the United States but especially at that time, African Americans the right to citizenship. Before the 14th amendment, African Americans could not become citizens, and this limited the rights of those who were able to escape slavery and become free. This clause allows all people born in the United States to be U.S. citizens. Once you have American citizenship, it cannot be taken from you by Congress or other authorities, unless you lie to the government during the process to get U.S. citizenship. Otherwise, everyone who becomes an American citizen stays an American citizen, unless they give it up themselves. (Why was the 14 th Amendment added?) Becoming a Citizen Citizenship means being a member of a nation or country and having full rights and responsibilities under the law. In the United States, there are three ways to become a citizen: being born on US soil (Law of Soil), being born outside the US to parents who are citizens of the United States (Law of Blood), and going through a process called naturalization. Three Ways of Becoming a Citizen of the United States Naturalization Naturalization is the process that allows immigrants to become citizens. Most people who apply for citizenship fall into this category. In order to qualify, immigrants must be at least 18 years old and have been a permanent legal resident of the United States for 5 years. He or she must also have good character, read, write and speak English. Once they meet all these items then the immigrant can begin the naturalization process. The process is as follows: complete an application, pass a civics test and an interview. The last step involves taking an Oath of Allegiance to the United States and our Constitution. 1

2 ***SIDE NOTES: 1. This summary is just a brief outline of steps in the naturalization process there is also a fee as well as medical tests and other things involved in the process. 2. There is one shortcut: A person who serves in the U.S. military for at least one year can become a citizen sooner because he or she has demonstrated commitment to the United States. List the things an immigrant must meet to qualify for the naturalization process: Diagram the steps in the Naturalization Process Impact of the Naturalization Process Think about this. If someone works very hard to go through the naturalization process to become a citizen, isn t it likely that this person will vote? People running for public office realize this. Political candidates must be aware of issues that are important to naturalized citizens. Why? Because these naturalized citizens will and may even run for political office. Even though naturalized citizens tend to vote, naturalization and immigration can be very controversial. At times, Americans and political parties have disagreed about who should be granted citizenship by naturalization and about how difficult the process should be to gain citizenship. Interesting Note: Election Ballots must be printed in all of the languages in a county where at least 5% of the citizens living in that county have limited English. In other words, if 5% of the citizens living in Orange County, Florida, speak Spanish, then all of the election ballots must be printed in both Spanish and English. This requirement makes it easier for naturalized citizens from Latin America to vote because every item on the ballot is printed in Spanish. Nearly 10 percent of people voting this presidential election will be naturalized citizens.???why would a presidential candidate pay attention to the information in the quote??? 2

3 SS.7.C.2.1 Watch President Obama s speech and answer the following question. Naturalization Ceremony Video Answer and cite specific evidence from the video Can you name three countries present at the naturalization ceremony? What is the final step in the naturalization process? What are some rights and responsibilities we have as US citizens? Can you explain what Thomas Paine meant in the following quote This new world hath been the asylum for the persecuted lovers of civil and religious liberty from every part of Europe. Asylum: the protection granted by a nation to someone who has left their native country as a political refugee Liberty. Think about another word for LIBERTY. SS.7.C.2.2 Obligations and Responsibilities ****At the end of this lesson, I will be able to do the following: distinguish between an obligation or duty and a responsibility as it relates to citizenship. Responsibilities may include, but are not limited to, voting, attending civic meetings, petitioning government, and running for office recognize the concept of the common good as a rationale for fulfilling the obligations and/or responsibilities of citizenship evaluate the obligations and/or responsibilities of citizens as they relate to active participation in society and government examine the significant contributions of citizens to a democratic society use scenarios to assess specific obligations of citizens identify the consequences or predict the outcome on society of citizens who do not fulfill their citizenship responsibilities evaluate the impact of civic participation on society, government, or the political process **** Terms I need to know at the end of this lesson. Obligation/Duty Common Good Responsibility of a Citizen Civic Participation Selective Service 3

4 Textbook pages Citizens Duties/Obligations and Responsibilities An obligation is something you. Obligations/Duties: ****Note Jury duty is extremely important because the US Constitution protects a person s right to trial by a jury of his or her peers. Without making jury duty mandatory, this may not be possible. A responsibility is something you. Responsibilities Define COMMON GOOD: Give an example of something that you can do for the common good? Video: What Does Being A Responsible Citizen Look Like? While watching the Citizens Unite! video, make a list of the examples shared of how to be a responsible citizen. List examples of things done in the past? What can we do today? 4

5 In the video, an individual was mentioned as an example of being a responsible citizen. Write that person s name below. Name: How does this person exemplify a responsible citizen? How do their actions support the common good of the country? Being a RESPONSIBLE citizen does not have to be hard or a burden. It can be simple and still help the common good. We are doing several things here at school to become RESPONSIBLE citizens. 1. We collect soda pop tabs for the Ronald McDonald House which helps families with critically ill children. 2. You can collect BoxTops to support the special needs students at GRMS. 3. Be on the lookout for additional ways to become a responsible citizen here at GRMS!!! ********************************************************** SS.7.C.3.1 Forms of Government Reading Notes ****At the end of this lesson, I will be able to do the following: will identify different forms of government based on its political philosophy or organizational structure will analyze scenarios describing various forms of government will apply their understanding of the definitions of the various forms of government. **** Terms I need to know at the end of this lesson. Direct Democracy Representative Democracy Republic Socialism Communism Monarchy Absolute Monarchy Oligarchy Autocracy Reading Notes My group has been assigned the form of government. What is the definition of this form of government? List pieces of evidence from the reading that supports your definition. * * * 5

6 SS.7.C.3.1 Forms of Government: Using a glossary. Complete the matching and magic squares. Magic Square. After reading Who Rules? match the correct definition to each term by writing the number in the corresponding box below (ex. if the definition of A is number 1, write 1 in box A). A. Direct Democracy B. Communism C. Monarchy D. Absolute Monarchy E. Oligarchy F. Autocracy G. Representative Democracy H. Republic I. Socialism 1. An economic system in which the government owns the primary means of production 2. Form of autocracy where a person becomes the sole leader of a country by being born into a family of rulers 3. Form of government in which a single ruling party owns and controls all production and distribution of goods, and in which no private ownership is allowed 4. Form of government in which a small group has total control and power 5. Form of government headed by a king or queen who inherits the position, rules for life, and holds power that can range anywhere between limited to absolute 6. Government in which the people elect representatives to make policies and laws for them, also known as a republic 7. Form of government in which the power to govern lies directly in the hands of the people rather than through elected representatives 8. Government in which the people elect representatives to make policies and laws for them, also known as a representative democracy 9. Form of government where one person has unlimited power To check your answers, add up the numbers in each row. Are they the same? Now add up the numbers in each column. They should be the same, too! What is the magic number? *** *** If they don t add up to the same number, go back and check your answers! = = = = = = 6

7 SS.7.C.3.2 Systems of government ****At the end of this lesson, I will be able to do the following: will define parliamentary, federal, confederal, and unitary systems of government. will compare the organizational structures of systems of government. will recognize examples of these systems of government. will analyze scenarios describing various systems of government. **** Terms I need to know at the end of this lesson. Governor President Prime Minister Parliamentary System of Government Federal System of Government Confederal System of Government Unitary System of Government 1. Define the terms below 2. Read the Distribution of Power Reading and mark the text with a purpose. 3. Take notes on the cakes. 4. Finally read each scenario and decide if a confederal, federal, parliamentary, or unitary system is being described. Write the system in the second row. Define: Parliamentary System of Government: Confederal System of Government: Federal System of Government: Unitary System of Government: 7

8 READING: Distribution of Power Directions: As you read, mark the text with a purpose. Effective government in any form requires a method for distributing authority, or power, within the country. Federal Systems. The larger and more diverse a country is, there is often a tendency for the country to have a federal system in which power is "layered" or SHARED among different levels. The United States is an example of governments with a federal system. The federal government is led by a president and there are also state governments. In the United States, for example, state governments are led by governors. Federal systems also include independent local governments such as county governments and municipal (city) governments. The citizens in each city elect many of the public officials. (What are the three layers of government in a federal system? ) Unitary Systems. In countries with a relatively similar population and with a common tradition, language, and sense of national history, the central governments may not be federal but unitary - that is, they may retain most of the power at the center. In unitary countries the national government performs all the governmental functions. Basically there is one layer of government that holds the power. Local governments within this system administer matters within their area but their powers are determined and assigned by the national government. The national government retains the ability to tax and major lawmaking powers rest almost entirely with the national government. (How many layers of government are there in a unitary system? ) Parliamentary Systems. In countries where the power of government lies with the legislative body and the leader of the country is part of the legislature, the citizens elect political leaders indirectly through political parties. In these types of elections, citizens express their party preference, and the party chooses who will represent that party in the government. Some parliamentary systems elect their prime minister (head of government) through election by the legislature whereas other parliamentary systems employ direct election of the prime minister. (Clue when the words PRIME MINISTER or PARLIAMENT are present when describing a system, this would more than likely be a parliamentary system being described.) Confederal Systems: In a confederal system, power is held with the states and there is a very weak central government. Loosely allied independent states sometimes join together to create a type of central government known as a confederation, in which the central government exists only at the pleasure of the sovereign, or independent, members. A confederation system produces the weakest central government. Member states in a confederation maintain their own individual power and delegate to the central government. The United States had a confederal system under the Articles of Confederation. No modern nation-state is organized along confederate lines, yet some international organizations, such as the United Nations (UN) and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) function primarily as confederations. (Is there a strong central government in a confederal system? ) 8

9 Scenarios which system is it? Argentina s government has an elected president, National Congress and Supreme Court. Argentina also has provinces, or states, that have their own constitutions and executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The central government and provinces share power in Argentina. The European Union is a partnership between 26 European countries. Everything that happens between partner countries is based on treaties that are voluntarily agreed upon by all members. In New Zealand the government is centered on the legislature and prime minister. The prime minister is the leader of the political party that has the majority of seats in the legislature. All members of the prime minister s cabinet must be members of the legislature. Japan s government is organized with a strong, central government, comprised of a legislative branch called the Diet and an executive branch led by a prime minister and ministers of state. In Japan there are 47 prefectures, or states, however the prefectures are not independent and rely on the central government for funding. What system is being described? What system is being described? What system is being described? What system is being described? 9

10 1. What are the three ways to become a US citizen? 2. How does the 14 th Amendment define citizenship? 3. What are the five obligations of a US citizen? 4. What FORM of government do we have in the United States? 5. What SYSTEM of government do we have in the United States? Systems of government. DRAW an image to describe each SYSTEM of government. Confederal Federal Parliamentary Unitary 10