EGOV.* An Action Framework for Governance 2.0. Tomasz Janowski, Adegboyega Ojo, Elsa Estevez

Transcription

1 EGOV.* An Action Framework for Governance 2.0 Tomasz Janowski, Adegboyega Ojo, Elsa Estevez WSIS FORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 1

2 AIM MOTIVATION Explain Governance 2.0 and the reasons for a systematic approach to its development. FRAMEWORK Introduce EGOV.* - An Action Framework for Electronic Government DETAILS Explaining six main actions of the framework: ADAPTATION 1) Readiness Assessment 2) Research and Problem Solving 3) Strategy Development 4) Program Development 5) Human Capacity Development 6) Organizational Capacity Development Explain how EGOV.* could be applied to implement Governance 2.0 strategies WSIS FORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 2

3 OVERVIEW 1 Governance EGOV.* - Electronic Government Development Framework 3 Applying EGOV.* to Governance Conclusions WSIS FORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 3

4 ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT DEFINITION Technology-enabled transformation of government organizations and their relationships with citizens, businesses and other arms of government. AIMS ENABLERS RISKS Customer orientation Business-like management Quality public services Citizens engagement and trust Processes Technology Policies People Reengineering administrative/business processes ICT environment to support organizational change Well-defined direction for technology-supported change Public workforce trained in leadership, management and technical skills 1)Over-reliance on technology 2) Inadequate public consultation 3) Insufficient collaboration in government 4) Lack of emphasis on building human capacity 5) Absence internal ownership, vision or strategy 6) Direct adoption of solutions designed for other contexts 7) Insufficient learning and research to precede implementation 8) Insufficient administrative reform to accompany e-government, etc. WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 4

5 GOVERNANCE 2.0 WHAT? DEFINITION CONTEXT The use of social media (Web 2.0 technologies) by governments for improving citizen access to information, participation in policy processes, delivery of customer-focused services and harnessing collective intelligence of citizens Converging with other long-term societal trends such as: o o o o o TECHNOLOGIES Blogs Empowering citizens The rise of knowledge workers The importance of informal learning User-driven innovation Transformation of hierarchical into network-based organizations Podcasts Tagging(e.g. Flickr, del.icio.us) Search engines Wiki(e.g. Wikipedia) RSS feeds Social networks e.g. Facebook, Myspace Massive Multiplayer Online Games e.g. World of Warcraft or Second Life WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 5

6 GOVERNANCE 2.0 WHY? Expected benefits of Governance 2.0: 1 User-orientation Solutions like PatientOpinion.org.uk help understand user needs while public feedback and rating systems stimulate userorientation 2 Transparency and accountability Applications like TheyWorkForYou.com and PlanningAlerts.com enable citizen awareness and monitoring of government activities. 3 Participation and inclusiveness E-Participation solutions such as e-petitions stimulate debate and participation in public decision-making. 4 Joined-up government Applications like Intellipedia or knowledge management platform of Allen and Overy enable better collaboration across and within organizations, reducing the "silo effect" and duplication of efforts WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 6

7 GOVERNANCE 2.0 WHERE? Major applications of Web 2.0 in government: Back office: Front office o Regulation o Cross-agency collaboration o Knowledge management The Application Participatory Governance o Service provision o Political participation o Transparency o Law enforcement Governance entails processes and institutions that contribute to public decision-making. Participatory Governance treats citizen engagement as the locus of governance, covering: o preference determination o policy formulation o policy implementation o monitoring and accountability Governance 2.0 enables and supports Participatory Governance through the use of Web 2.0 technology. WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 7

8 GOVERNANCE 2.0 PLANNING Planning for Governance 2.0: o Considering Governance 2.0 as a Technology concern. Organization Technology o Focusingon the core governance issues that will benefit most from Governance 2.0. o Aligning technology (Governance 2.0) and organizational (Participatory Governance) aspects. Participatory Governance Strategy Participatory Governance Structure Governance 2.0 Strategy Governance 2.0 Structure Strategy Structure WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 8

9 GOVERNANCE 2.0 IMPLEMENTATION Adopting a strategy and program development framework which supports the alignment of Participatory Governance and Governance 2.0. The process entails: 1) Developing a Governance 2.0 Strategy 2) Designing a Governance 2.0 Architecture and supporting infrastructure 3) Ensuring theexistence of an explicit Participatory Governance strategy 4) Ensuring that the necessary enablers and processes for Participatory Governance are provided 5) Aligning 1 to 4 Developing Governance 2.0 strategy and program could be carried out through the EGOV.* framework. WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 9

10 GOVERNANCE 2.0 ISSUES Despite the popularity of Governance 2.0, a number of implementation issues are coming to the fore: o Justifying the value expected from the Governance 2.0 adoption, since unrestricted access to audio and video streams can overwhelm networks that were not designed to accommodate large volumes of such traffic in terms of bandwidth requirements and security vulnerability. o Overcoming the perception by tax payers and the public that the use of Web 2.0 by governments is not a legitimate government business. o The need for monitoring and cleaning up contributed contents to maintain productive public communication, and the need for a clear policy of what is and isn t allowed in the public virtual space, may open government to the charges of political censorship. o Ensuring that new electronic channels of participation created by Governance 2.0 are not monopolized or manipulated by a vocal minority. These issues reflect the need for a planned approach to Governance 2.0implementation. WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 10

11 OVERVIEW 1 Governance EGOV.* - Electronic Government Development Framework 3 Applying EGOV.* to Governance Conclusions WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 11

12 AIM EGOV.* aims to: 1) define an implementation strategy, 2) to construct a government program to realize this strategy, and 3) to build the capacity of the local institutions to implement and benefit from the program towards the development of Electronic Government for a given Public Administration (PA). WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 12

13 EGOV.* ACTIONS 1) READINESS ASSESSMENT 2) RESEARCH 3) STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT 4) PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT 5) HUMAN CAPACITY BUILDING 6) ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING EGOV.* - e-government Development Framework Organizational Capacity Constructing e-government Program Defining Implementation Strategy Assessing Readiness Researching Best Practices Human Capacity WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 13

14 ACTION 1 READINESS ASSESSMENT Identify the state-of-practice and state-of-readiness for Electronic Government in the PA, including existing initiatives and studies. Structure, Services, Human Financial Resources Software, Hardware, Communication EGOV.* - e-government Development Framework Readiness Assessment Organizational Capacity Constructing e-government Program Defining Implementation Strategy Assessing Readiness Researching Best Practices Human Capacity WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 14

15 ACTION 2 RESEARCH Identify relevant international best practices and adapt them to the conditions in the PA, considering the results of the READINESS ASSESSMENT activity. EGOV.* - e-government Development Framework Organizational Capacity Constructing e-government Program Defining Implementation Strategy Assessing Readiness Researching Best Practices Human Capacity WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 15

16 ACTION 3 STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT Agree on the vision for the future of Electronic Government in the PA and define a set of goals, strategies and targets to realize this vision, taking into account the results of the READINESS ASSESSMENT and RESEARCH activities. EGOV.* - e-government Development Framework Organizational Capacity Constructing e-government Program Defining Implementation Strategy Assessing Readiness Researching Best Practices Human Capacity WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 16

17 ACTION 4 PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT Define a concrete government program through which the goals and strategies defined during the STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT activity could be implemented. EGOV.* - e-government Development Framework Organizational Capacity Constructing e-government Program Defining Implementation Strategy Assessing Readiness Researching Best Practices Human Capacity WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 17

18 ACTION 5 HUMAN CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT Raising the capacity of the public workforce in the PA, covering a range of leadership, management and technical skills, to be able to lead, implement and benefit from the PROGRAM activity. EGOV.* - e-government Development Framework Organizational Capacity Constructing e-government Program Defining Implementation Strategy Assessing Readiness Researching Best Practices Human Capacity WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 18

19 ACTION 6 ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT Establishing a Center of Excellence (or Resource Center) on Electronic Governance in the PA, on the basis of existing institutions, and raising organizational capacity of this Center to play the role of central coordinator of Electronic Governance in the PA. EGOV.* - e-government Development Framework Organizational Capacity Constructing e-government Program Defining Implementation Strategy Assessing Readiness Researching Best Practices Human Capacity WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 19

20 EXPERIENCE IN APPLYING EGOV.* EGOV.* is being implemented in three states: 1) Macao SAR (e-macao) - the EGOV.* framework was developed out of the experience of implementing the e-macao project from July 2004 to December A good number of projects are currently being implemented(since January 2007) in line with the developed Strategy. 2) Afghanistan (EGOV.AF) - The project commenced in May 2009 and is presently in the strategy development phase. Comprehensive readiness data have been collected through both offline and online survey instruments provided in local languages. The project is scheduled for completion in October ) Cameroon (EGOV.CM) The project commenced I January 2010 and is presently in Research phase. Pilot readiness exercise is scheduled to commence by early June The project is scheduled for completion by June Defining characteristics of the framework includes- focus on ownership, local partnership(in addition to international partnership), institution building and sustainability. WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 20

21 OVERVIEW 1 Governance EGOV.* - Electronic Government Development Framework 3 Applying EGOV.* to Governance Conclusions WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 21

22 EGOV.* FOR DEVELOPING GOVERNANCE 2.0 Steps to be undertaken for implementing Governance 2.0 based on the EGOV.* framework: 1) Establishing clear vision and goals for Gov 2.0 2) Establishing the readiness and needs for Gov 2.0 adoption 3) Benchmark studies of other governments use of Web 2.0 technologies for Gov 2.0 Policy 4) Developing Gov 2.0 strategy 5) Developing Gov 2.0 program 6) Implementing selected pilot Gov 2.0 initiatives 7) Developing capacity of government officials and raising awareness of citizens on the use of Web 2.0 8) Etc. WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 22

23 OVERVIEW 1 Governance EGOV.* - Electronic Government Development Framework 3 Applying EGOV.* to Governance Conclusions WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 23

24 CONCLUSION We conclude the presentation with the following points: 1) While it is clear that Web 2.0 and Governance 2.0 potentially provides concrete benefits in terms participation, like any technological solution, realizing these benefits is not trivial. 2) Experiences from around the world shows the need for an explicit policy to shape the form and scope of Governance 2.0 adoption. 3) Strategic alignment between Governance 2.0 strategy (technology strategy) and Participatory Governance strategy(organizational strategy) is critical for concrete outcomes. 4) While there are already exciting opportunities provided by the existing Web 2.0 tools, more opportunities particularly for the public sector lie in automatic processing of the huge amounts of data provided by citizens on social media, through the integration across social media applications and mining valuable information from these data to support policy decisions. 5) A concrete approach to implementing Governance 2.0 is the EGOV.* framework. WSISFORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 24

25 Thank you for listening! More information Tomasz Janowski, Adegboyega Ojo, Elsa Estevez WSIS FORUM 2010, GENEVA, 13 MAY 2010, 25