Purpose Formation Governance Funding 2 Number 3 State-wide program of air pollution prevention and control

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1 Prepared by Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington, Updated December 202 Includes Separate Listing of Assessment Districts That Are Not Political Subdivisions District & Designation Date of Law Air Pollution Control Authorities (Municipal Airport District, County (Municipality ) Cemetery Districts (Municipal Enabling Statute 957, 967 Ch RCW 945 RCW Ch RCW State-wide program of air pollution prevention and control Establish and operate airports or other air navigational facilities Acquire, establish, maintain, manage, improve and operate cemeteries and conduct businesses of a cemetery To activate - Petition - 00 property owners or motion by county; hearing Application - 00 voters; ; resolution Petition - 0% voters; hearing; or County ordinance or resolution providing for ballot measure Board of directors, appointed; composition designated by statute Board of county or 3 elected airport Cemetery board, 3 elected cemetery Excess levy RCW Regular levies, RCW , Voter authorization required; revenue bonds, fees & charges levy; RCW and ; G.O. bond, fees Community Facilities District (independently governed, special purpose district vested with the corporate authority included under Article VII, section 9 of the state Constitution) Conservation Districts (Public body corporate and politic) 200 Ch Ch RCW Facilitate voluntary landowner financing of community facilities and infrastructure Conserve soil resources, prevent flood water and sediment damages... Petition - 00% of all owners of private property located within the boundaries of proposed district; hearing by legislative authority; approve by resolution Petition - 0% voters; hearing by Conservation Commission; Board of supervisors if located in one jurisdiction; 3 from legislative body, 2 from petitioners. See RCW for where not all in one jurisdiction Board of 5 supervisors, 3 elected, 2 appointed by state commission Special assessments, revenue bonds, assessment bonds RCW Special assessment; RCW ; grants 0 48

2 District & Designation Enabling Statute Date of Law Cultural Arts, Stadium, and Convention Districts (Quasi Municipal 982 Ch RCW Construction, modification, renovation, and operation of facilities for cultural Resolution or petition -0%; hearing; Outlined in resolution; statutes specify who should be represented levy, RCW and ; voter authorization every 6 yrs, G.O. bond 0 Diking and Drainage Districts (Powers of a corporation for public purpose s) Diking and Drainage Districts (Powers of a corporation for public purpose ) Statute applies to: diking district; drainage district; diking, drainage, and/or sewerage improvement district; intercounty diking and drainage district; consolidated diking district, drainage district, diking improvement district, and/or drainage improvement district; or flood control district. Diking & Drainage Districts in Two or More Counties (Intercounty Diking and Drainage Districts) 96 Recodification Title 85 RCW, Ch Creation and Operation 909 Ch RCW Construct. straighten, widen, deepen, and improve all rivers, watercourses or streams causing overflow damage to land in district Establish diking and drainage systems or erect flood dames to prevent inundations on land located in two or more counties Resolution or petition -0%; investigation by county engineer; hearing; Governing body composed of 3 elected members Board of 3 district, initially appointed; elected per RCW levy, RCW ; special assessments, special assessment bonds 99 Diking Districts 895 Ch RCW Straighten, widen, deepen and improve all rivers, watercourses or streams, construct diking system to protect land from overflow Resolution or petition of 0 property owners; feasibility determination by county engineer; hearing; pursuant to Ch RCW Board of 3 elected dike 2

3 District & Designation Date of Law Enabling Statute Diking, Drainage and Irrigation Improvement District; Drainage and Irrigation Improvement 933 Ch RCW district - Improvement Districts Act Diking, Drainage, Sewerage Improvement Districts Funding methods revised by Diking, Drainage, and Sewerage Improvement Districts Act 93 Ch RCW, Ch RCW Petition signed by district ; Petition, resolution or petition of 0 property owners; feasibility determination by county engineer; hearing; pursuant to Ch RCW. If less than 500 acres petition of 50% of acreage 3 elected supervisors; of old district become supervisors of new district Board of 3 elected supervisors, initially appointed then elected by ch RCW; if less than 500 acres county engineer will be sole supervisor of the district Benefit assessments against the property and the county or counties, cities and towns within the district Drainage District 895 Ch RCW Establish drainage system. Resolution or petition of 0 property owners; feasibility determination by county engineer; hearing; pursuant to Ch RCW Board of 3 elected ; consolidated districts could retain 5 member board Benefit assessments Drainage Improvement District; Diking Improvement District - Improvement Districts - 97 Act (reorganization of Diking or Drainage Dist) 97 Ch RCW Petition signed by district ; Board of becomes board of supervisors Diking, Drainage, Sewerage Improvement Districts Funding methods revised by Diking, Drainage, and Sewerage Improvement Districts Act Ch RCW, Ch RCW Petition, resolution or petition of 0 property owners; feasibility determination by county engineer; hearing; pursuant to Ch RCW. If less than 500 acres petition of 50% of acreage Board of 3 elected supervisors, initially appointed then elected by ch RCW; if less than 500 acres county engineer will be sole supervisor of the district 3

4 District & Designation Enabling Statute Date of Law Emergency Medical Service Districts (Quasi Municipal Corporation RCW Emergency medical services and funding Hearing; ordinance County legislative authority or interlocal agreement Regular levies, RCW , Voter authorization required. May have 6-year, 0- year, or permanent levy. 7 Urban Emergency Medical Service Districts (Quasi Municipal Emergency Service Communication Districts (Quasi Municipal Fire Protection Districts (Municipal Regional Fire Protection Service Authorities (Municipal 994 RCW , repealed, effective 0/0/ RCW 82.4B Title 52 RCW 2004 Ch RCW Emergency medical services and funding for city or town located in two count Funding and provision of emergency communications services in-lieu of a county-wide system Eliminate fire hazards and protect life and property outside cities/towns except where cities/towns have annexed Provides for regional fire protection service delivery, enhanced funding options, and new authority to address critical fire protection projects and emergency services Hearing; ordinance Legislative authority establishes (ordinance or resolution) Petition -0%; hearing; Any two or more adjacent fire protection jurisdictions convene a planning committee and create a plan; resulting plan submitted to voters City or town council, acting in an ex officio capacity and independently County legislative authority Board of fire ; 3 or 5 elected Designated by the fire protection services authority plan See EMS district Excise tax (9), RCW 82.4B.030 levies RCW , , ; G.O. bonds, benefit charges, LIDs levies RCW , , ; Service plan vote; benefit charges, G.O. bond, LID

5 District & Designation Date of Law Enabling Statute Flood Control Flood Control Districts - (Body corporate, powers of a corporation for public purposes ) See Ch for Formation and Organization of District Resolution or petition -0%; investigation by county engineer; hearing; Governing body composed of 3 elected members Ch RCW Benefit assessments, rates and charges, special assessment bonds 3* Flood Control by Counties Jointly - 93 Act (Intercounty) 93 Ch RCW To help counties control flooding on a river that is or shall be the boundary line between two counties or its tributaries or outlet flows through parts of two counties and has a history of flooding Resolution; interlocal contract Boards of county ; interlocal contract Regular levy RCW , ; Within county levy limits Flood Control Districts Act Flood Control Districts Act 935, Repealed 965, Existing districts continue Ch RCW 937 Ch RCW Protection of life and property, the preservation of the public health and the conservation and development of the natural resources NA Formation specified in ch RCW See Flood Control Districts Above Board of 3 district, initially appointed; elected per Ch RCW Governed by ch RCW See Flood Control Districts Above Regular levy and excess bond levy, RCW ; May be raised to $.25 with voter approval. Repealed 970 with Savings Clause (see 935 c60; 949 c82; & 953 c20) Benefit assessment; utility revenue bonds 5

6 District & Designation Enabling Statute Date of Law Flood Control Zone Districts (Quasi Municipal Corporation ) 96 Ch RCW Undertaking, operating, or maintaining flood control projects/storm water control projects for areas of the county Action of board or petition - 25% vote cast in proposed zone at last county general Board of county ; option to elect 3 zone supervisors if district over 2000 residents Health Districts 945 Ch RCW Provide health services within the district Resolution or ordinance of county legislative authority Board of health - composition set by statute Funds from county and state; License and permit fees Irrigation Districts Irrigation Districts (Municipal 890 Ch RCW Provide irrigation of land, develop electrical generating facilities, purchase and sell electricity, provide street lighting, sewer and domestic water system Petition - 50 or majority of land owners; investigation by Department of Ecology; hearing; Board of directors, 3 or 5 elected directors Generally - Benefit assessments, G.O. bonds, revenue bonds, LIDs, rates and fees 95* Irrigation and Rehabilitation Districts 96 Ch RCW Conversion of certain irrigation districts to further recreational potential of larger lakes, improve inland lakes and shorelines Petition - 50 land owners; hearing; Same as irrigation district RCW ; Special benefit assessment limited to $0.25 of land value unless authorized by the voters Reclamation Districts of one million acres 927 Ch RCW Reclamation and Petition - 50 land owners; improvement of arid and commission created to hear semiarid lands and for the petition; generation and/or sale of hydroelectric energy Board of directors, number equal to number of counties participating Regular levy, RCW ; Voter authorization required Boards of Joint Control of Irrigation Districts (Irrigation districts and other entities) 949 Ch RCW Water supply administration for two or more irrigation entities Petition, county review, hearing, resolution Contained in petition, county appoints first board 6

7 District & Designation Date of Law Enabling Statute Library Districts Inter-County Rural Library Districts (Municipal Island Library District (Municipal Library Capital Facility Area (Quasi Municipal ) 947 RCW RCW Ch 27.5 RCW Regional Library Districts 935 RCW Municipal corporation organized to provide library service for all areas outside of incorporated cities and towns within two or more counties Provide library service for all areas outside of incorporated cities and towns on a single island only Provides funding for construction of capital library facilities Free public library maintained by two or more counties or other governmental units Resolutions or joint session of counties or petition - 0%; Petition - 0%; hearing; Request from library trustees to county ; Interlocal contract - two or more counties Board of trustees; 5 or 7 appointed by county Board of 5 trustees appointed by county Three members from each county legislative body or less by agreement , , RCW , G.O. bonds Board of 5 or 7 trustees Expenses appointed by joint action apportioned of legislative authorities between or among the contracting parties 28* Rural County Library Districts (Municipal 94 RCW Rural Partial Library District 993 RCW Library serving all the Petition -0%; hearing; area of a county not included within the area of incorporated cities and towns Library district in a portion of the unincorporated area of a county Petition -0%; hearing; Board of 5 trustees appointed by county Board of 5 trustees appointed by county , ,

8 District & Designation Enabling Statute Date of Law Legal Authorities (Hydroelectric) - Irrigation Districts - (Separate legal entity capable of exercising in its own name the powers granted it) Metropolitan Municipal Corporations (Municipal RCW Ch RCW; Ch RCW Mosquito Control Districts 957 Ch RCW Operating Agencies (Electricity Generation and Distribution, Cities & PUD) (Municipal corporation) Park Districts Metropolitan Park District (Municipal 98 Ch RCW 907 Ch RCW Enables cooperative development of hydroelectric generating resources by cities and irrigation districts, cities towns, irrigation districts and PUDs Essential services in metropolitan areas not adequately provided by existing agencies: water pollution, water supply, transportation, garbage, parks & rec, comp. planning Abatement or exterminate mosquitoes Two or more districts form authority through interlocal contract Resolution or petition - 4%; Petition-0% or resolution; hearing; Contained in interlocal contract Metropolitan council composition outlined by statute Appointed board of 5 trustees - composition set by statute Generate electricity Interlocal agreement Interlocal agreement Manage, control, improve, maintain, and acquire parks, parkways, boulevards, and recreational facilities Resolution or petition -5%, One of three forms set by statute Excess levy, RCW , , G.O. and revenue bonds, LIDs, rates and charges Excess levy, RCW At formation vote for one year levy of up to twenty-five cents per thousand dollars of assessed value

9 District & Designation Enabling Statute Date of Law Park & Recreation Districts (Municipal Joint Park and Recreation District 957 Ch RCW 979 RCW Provide leisure time activities, facilities, and recreational facilities Enables park and recreation district in two or more counties Resolution or petition-5%; hearing; Petition-5%; hearing in each county; in each county Board of 5 elected Board of 5 elected , ; Voter authorization required every 5 years 42 2 Park & Recreation Service Areas (Body corporate and shall possess all the usual powers of a corporation for public purposes ) 963 RCW Finance, acquire construct, improve, maintain, or operate any park, senior citizen activities center, zoo, aquarium, and, or recreational facilities Resolution or petition -0%; feasibility study; County legislative authority, acting ex officio and independently , ; Voter authorization required every 6 years 7 Port Districts (Municipal 9 Title 53 RCW Acquire, construct, maintain, operate, develop and regulate system of harbor improvements, rail and water transfer and terminal facilities; air transfer, or terminal facilities, other storage and handling facilities. Acquire and construct toll bridges and tunnels and beltline railways, industrial development districts Initiated by county legislative authority or petition - 0%; hearing; Port commission of 3 or 5 elected members from commissioner districts , , , ; General levy Exclusive of bond payments Voter authorization required 2-year Levy 2nd 6 years are subject to petition. 75 9

10 District & Designation Enabling Statute Date of Law Public Facilities Districts (Municipal Corporation ) counties, cities & towns Ch RCW for counties, Ch RCW cities/towns Acquire, construct, and operate sports facilities, entertainment facilities, convention facilities or regional centers and related parking facilities Resolution or interlocal agreement Appointed board of directors; 5 or 7 members; membership composition set by statute Excess levy RCW ; voter approved excise tax 25 Public Hospital Capital Facility Areas (Quasi Municipal Public Hospital Districts (Municipal Corporation ) 2009 Ch RCW 945 Ch RCW Provides funding for public hospital capital facilities or capital health care facilities for counties composed entirely of islands not annexed to hospital district Own and operate hospitals and other health care facilities, provide hospital and other health care services For less than county area, petition of not less than ten percent of the voters of the proposed public hospital capital facility area who voted at the last general Resolution or petition -0%; Three members of the county legislative authority from each county in which the public hospital capital facility area is located Board of elected ; 3, 5, or 7 commissioner districts Bonds, grants, gifts ; Service charges 0 56 Rural Public Hospital District (defined) 992 RCW Hospital district whose geographic boundaries do not include a city with a population greater than thirty thousand Public Housing Authorities (Public corporations ) Joint City-county Housing Authorities 939 Ch RCW 980 RCW Provide housing for low income persons Housing authority created by one or more counties and any city or cities within any of those counties or in another county or counties Resolution or petition - 25% Ordinance 5 appointed; 7 members if city more than 400,000 pop Determined by ordinance Bonds, grants, rates, charges See Public Housing Authority 4 0

11 District & Designation Date of Law Enabling Statute Public Stadium Authority (Body corporate, powers of a corporation for public 997 Ch RCW purposes ) Public Utility Districts (Municipal 93 Title 54 RCW Conserve water & power resources; supply public utility service including water and electricity, sewer, telecommunications Resolution of county; letter of intent with team affiliate Resolution or petition -0%; Board of appointed directors; composition set by statute Election commission of 3 or 5 commissioner districts Charges and fees, gifts and grants, fees from naming rights Regular Levy, RCW ; General levy exclusive of bond payments, G.O. Bonds, LID, rates and charges 28 Sanitary Districts School Districts (Municipal 933, Repealed 97 Title 55 RCW NA NA NA NA 889 Ch. 28A.35 RCW Joint School Districts 897 Ch. 28A.323 RCW Solid Waste Disposal Districts (Quasi Municipal Television Reception Improvement Districts 982 RCW Ch RCW Education Any school district composed of territory lying in more than one county Provides for and funds solid waste disposal in counties under million Construction, maintenance, and operation of television and FM radio translator stations Petition or proposal from ESD or school board motion; hearing by regional committee; may require See Ch. 28A Board of 5 elected directors; 7 for Seattle No.. Directors elected by director districts with some at large (varies by district) State and federal funding, Excess ; G.O. bond See School districts See School Districts See School Districts Hearing, ordinance County governing body Excess levy RCW , G.O. and revenue bonds, excise tax, fees Petition - 50% If district less than full county, Board of 3,5-9 appointed members; if same as county then county Excise tax (based on number of television sets)

12 District & Designation Date of Law Enabling Statute Transportation Related City Transportation Authority (Monorail) (Municipal Corporation ) County Public Transportation Authority (Municipal 2002 Ch A RCW, Ch. 248 Laws Ch RCW Construct and operate public monorail transportation system Allows county to provide public transportation Ordinance or petition -%; Resolution of county Appointed or elected depending on ballot proposition Appointed; membership set by statute Voter approved regular and excess 35.95A.00 Voter approved MVET, excise tax, rates & fares, G.O. bond, Revenue bonds, LID Excise tax, B &O tax, RCW , ch , ch , ch RCW; Rates and charges 0 2 County Rail Districts (Quasi Municipal Corporation Ferry District County Ferry Districts, passenger-only (Counties of million pop)(municipal 983 Ch RCW 97, Repealed RCW Ch RCW, RCW 36.57A.20 Provide and fund improved rail freight and passenger service Hearing; resolution, County legislative authority Excess levy RCW ; G.O. and revenue bonds, revenues from operations NA NA NA NA NA Allows a county on Puget Sound with a population over one million to fund and operate a passenger ferry service Hearing; ordinance County legislative authority acting ex officio Regular and Excess Levy RCW , G.O. bond, revenues for operation Public Transportation Benefit Area (Municipal Corporation ) 975 Ch A RCW Provide public transportation services with defined area Resolution or petition -0% to call a conference; hearing; resolution of conference Selected by participants; membership set out in statutes Voter approved excise taxes, fares, Charges 20 2

13 District & Designation Enabling Statute Date of Law Regional Transit Authority (Municipal RCW 8.2 Enables transportation system for Puget Sound Area Joint regional policy committee formed to create plan, counties pass resolution to join, plan placed before voters, Interlocal agreement; resolution Board of appointed representatives; membership set by statute Voter approved sales and use tax, excise taxes RCW , , ; fares, fees, charges, G.O. and Revenue bonds, LIDs Regional Transportation Investment District (Municipal Roads & Bridges Service Districts (Quasi Municipal 2002 RCW Ch RCW Provides regions with the ability to plan, select, fund, and implement (or contract for the implementation of) projects identified to meet the region's transportation and land use goals Improvement or providing funding for capital costs for state highway improvement a county or road district has authority to provide. Committee created; plan, Hearing, ordinance or resolution Members of each legislative authority acting ex officio and independently Board of three appointed by the county legislative authority or county executive Voter approved taxes and fees; G.O. and revenue bonds, tolls, Excess levy, RCW , , G.O. bond, LID 0 Transportation Benefit District (Quasi Municipal Corporation ) 989 Ch RCW, RCW for city Help public-private sectors address public transportation Hearing; ordinance County or city legislative authority acting ex officio or interlocal agreement if more than one jurisdiction Excess levy, RCW ; bonds, voter approved sales tax, motor vehicle license renewal fee, tolls; impact fees, LID 47 Unincorporated Transportation Benefit Areas (UTBA) (Quasi Municipal Corporation ) 975 RCW Provide transportation services to unincorporated areas of the county Allows county to provide public transportation See County See County Transportation Authority Transportation Authority 3

14 District & Designation Date of Law Enabling Statute Water- Sewer Districts Water Distribution District Water-Sewer Districts (water-sewer district, water district, sewer district) (Municipal 92, Repealed Sewer Dist 94; water dist 93; water-sewer consolidation 97 NA Title 57 RCW (districts reclassified, formerly Sewer Title 56, Water Title 57), reclassification 997 Furnish ample supply of water; purchase and maintenance of fire fighting equipment; furnish wastewater collection; provide street lighting NA NA NA Petition -0% or resolution if public health necessity hearing; 3,5,or 7 elected members Excess levy, RCW , , , ; Excess levy of $.25 authorized at time of formation; bonds, LID Sewer Districts 94 Title 57 RCW See Water-Sewer See Water-Sewer See Water-Sewer Sewage Improvement Counties with populations of Districts - Formerly under RCW from forty thousand to less Title 85 After 979 powers.30 than seventy thousand of title 85 become sewer districts Water Districts 93 Title 57 RCW See Water-Sewer Weed Districts 92 Ch RCW Control, prevent and exterminate weed found detrimental to crops, fruit trees, shrubs, foliage or other agricultural plants or foliage Petition owners - 50% of acreage; hearing; resolution Board of directors, 3 elected directors Benefit assessment 88* Inter-County Regular Weed Districts 959 Ch RCW Provides for joint program of all or any part of two counties or more to control weeds Petition owners - 50% of acreage; hearing; order Board of directors, 3 elected directors Total districts as of December

15 District & Designation Enabling Statute Date of Law Districts Created for Funding Purposes, But Do Not Have Independent Governing Boards Agricultural Pest Districts 99 Ch. 7.2 RCW Apportionment District (Community redevelopment financing Act) 982 Ch RCW, Ruled unconstitutional by Leonard v. Spokane, 27 Wn. 2nd 95 Aquifer Protection Areas 985 Ch RCW Community Renewal Area 2002 Ch RCW, Ch. 28 Laws of 2002 County Road District 889 RCW Flood Control by Counties (River Improvement Fund) 907 Ch RCW Destroy/exterminate animals that destroy/interfere with agricultural plants or products Allocate a portion of regular property taxes for limited periods of time to assist in the financing of public improvements Funds the protection, preservation and rehabilitation of subterranean water Financing to rehabilitate blighted areas Provide revenue to establish, lay out, construct, alter, repair, improve and maintain county roads Petition - ten or more resident freeholders; hearing Supervision by agricultural expert or commissioner of district acting ex officio Property benefit assessment; no limit; RCW , Hearing; Not specified Voter approved fees per household unit Ordinance or resolution County can create up to 9 districts, one road district in each county commissioner's district Appointed board or local governing body or other board Not specified Not specified Excess levy, excise tax, bonds, LID (community renewal agency) Regular and excess levy Annual levy not to exceed $.25/000 assessed value Horticultural Pest and Disease Board 969 Ch RCW Provide funds for inspecting and disinfecting horticultural or agricultural produces and horticultural premises Petition or motion of county ; hearing Horticultural pest and disease board, 4 appt by county by Director of Agriculture Regular levy 5

16 District & Designation Date of Law Enabling Statute Industrial Development Districts (Ports) - to develop marginal area 939 Ch RCW properties Lake and Beach Management Districts 986 Ch RCW; RCW Public Waterway Districts 9 Ch RCW Provide funding for developing or redeveloping marginal area properties Lake and beach improvement & maintenance Provides funding for owners of lands bordering upon/accessible to any navigable water shall to improve waterway Hearing Not specified Bonds Resolution or petition -0 land owners or 5% acreage whichever is greater; hearing; Petition - 35%; hearing Not specified County board of commissioner Special assessment Benefit assessment River & Harbor Improvement Districts Solid Waste Collection Districts Shellfish Protection Districts - "Clean Water Districts" 903 Ch RCW 97 Ch A RCW 985 Ch RCW Funding source for river improvements Mandatory collection of solid waste in unincorporated county Protect shellfish industry from pollution Petition - 00 freeholders owning land Appointed by U.S. govt Hearing; UTC investigation None specified Fees Motion of county; County legislative authority Benefit assessment Fees, rates, charges 6

17 Notes and References Notes Statutes creating special districts may state that the district is municipality, municipal corporation, quasi municipal corporation, a public corporation, a public body corporate and politic, or some other designation. Many of these terms are not defined by statute. The enabling statute may also contains the clauses that the district is an independent taxing "authority" within the meaning of Article VII, section of the state Constitution, and a "taxing district" within the meaning of Article VII, section 2 of the state Constitution; and that the district is a body corporate and possesses all the usual powers of a corporation for public purposes as well as all other powers that may now or hereafter be specifically conferred by statute, including, but not limited to, the authority to hire employees, staff, and services, to enter into contracts, and to sue and be sued and can be sued. 2 Not all funding sources have been listed. Excess levies are voter approved and include levies for bonds.. 3 Totals taken from combination of sources: list of State Auditor, county auditor s results, assessors tax rolls, membership associations including insurance pools, and county documents. The total is an approximation based on districts known to exist from the sources used. Accuracy depends on the availability of county records from the county auditors and assessors. * The district's name is not an indication of what statues the districts are operating under, totals include all types under the general category References: The Closest Governments to the People, Steve Lundin, Washington State University, 2007 Property Tax Levies Operations Manual (Word), Washington Department of Revenue, Property Tax Division, 20 Special Purpose Districts in Washington State, Report No. 58, Municipal Research & Services, 2003 Washington Special Purpose Districts Web Pages, Municipal Research & Services -