Karen Daifuku Senior Nuclear Project Manager June 2011

Transcription

1 Nuclear Energy and Stakeholder Engagement Karen Daifuku Senior Nuclear Project Manager June 2011

2 Stakeholder engagement Strategic drivers Consultation process Trust / Respect / Empowerment Legislative framework Knowledge / Communication / Transparency Economic impact Some examples 2

3 Principles of Participative Democracy The different levels of involvement possible Empowering Collaboring Higher level involvement of citizens and communities Involving Consulting Informing Lower level involvement of citizens and communities Empowerment of individuals and groups is a precondition of effective participation. Communities can take an active part in their own governance if they have the skills, knowledge and organizational capacity to do so. 3

4 Nuclear Communication strategy Decide Announce Defend Decide Educate Announce Defend 4

5 Nuclear communication strategy CONSULT ASSESS SUGGEST CONSULT AMEND DECIDE ENACT 5

6 Stakeholder engagement Strategic drivers Consultation process Trust / Respect / Empowerment Legislative framework Knowledge / Communication / Transparency Economic impact Some examples 6

7 Trust in scientists and experts Scientists 46% National nuclear safety authorities 30% Specialized international organisations (IAEA...) Journalists (TV, radio, newspapers) 24% 23% Non governmental organisations (NGOs) The National Government The European Union Energy companies that operate NPP Regional/local government 19% 18% 15% 12% 10% Friends and family Schools 7% 6% None Don't know 1% 3% Q: Which three of the following would you trust most to give you information about nuclear energy, especially nuclear safety? Source: Eurobarometer 324, European Commission (2010) 7

8 Respect / empowerment Information vs. knowledge Part of the decision process / Creating partnerships Control over decisions that will impact your life 8

9 Stakeholder engagement Strategic drivers Consultation process Trust / Respect / Empowerment Legislative framework Knowledge / Communication / Transparency Economic impact Some examples 9 Karen Daifuku Nuclear Energy and Stakeholder Engagement, June 2011

10 Legislative framework International framework A trend towards increased legal access to information and to public participation Environmental questions are best handled with the participation of all the citizens concerned, at the appropriate level. At the national level, each individual shall have access to information relative to the environment held by public authorities ( ) and the ability to participate to the decision process. States shall facilitate and encourage public awareness and participation by making information widely available. Effective access to judicial and administrative proceedings, including redress and remedy, shall be provided. Tenth principle of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (1992) 10

11 Legislative framework The international framework A trend towards increased legal access to information and to public participation First international legal instrument addressing public participation in nuclear decision making through EIA 1991: The Espoo Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context: the environmental impact assessments are to be taken into account in the final decision. First international treaty endorsing the right to the quality of the environment as a basic human right 1998: The Aarhus Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decisionmaking and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters grants the public rights and imposes on Parties and public authorities obligations regarding access to information, public participation in decision-making and access to justice The Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (Kiev Protocol) requires the Parties to evaluate the consequences of any plans likely to have important environmental effects and requires public participation at an early stage in the decision making process. 11

12 France has gone further Independent control and transparency are essential conditions for public acceptance. The French Parliament adopted in 2006 the Law on nuclear transparency and safety, which aims at: Improving transparency: - Creation of the Haut comité pour la transparence et l information sur la sécurité nucléaire (High committee for transparency and information on nuclear safety ) - Official implementation of the Local Information Committees, that already existed without legal status Creating an independent nuclear regulatory agency Improving the legal status of nuclear plants Transparency law implies large rights to access to nuclear information for the public and the guarantee of an independent control on nuclear safety. 12

13 Stakeholder engagement Strategic drivers Consultation process Trust / Respect / Empowerment Legislative framework Knowledge / Communication / Transparency Economic impact Some examples 13

14 Information vs. knowledge Communication tools (pamphlets, ad campaigns, sponsorship, web sites, participative web, etc.) Education, familiarisation with societal issues, security of supply, climate change, waste management, etc. Objective: forming opinions and making informed decisions Karen Daifuku Nuclear Energy and Stakeholder Engagement June 2011

15 Local information committees (CLI) A structure for the dialogue with the stakeholders Permanent structures which have for mission to supply a clear, precise and understandable information for the population. They are an indispensable place of dialogue between the nuclear operators and the various local stakeholders (in particular elected representatives, associations, employees' labor unions and qualified persons). The law on transparency on nuclear safety (2006) makes compulsory the creation of a CLI near each NPP and gives the CLI a legal status. On any site including one or several nuclear basic installations ( ) is established a local commission of information with a general mission of follow-up, information and dialogue upon nuclear safety, radio-protection and the impact of the nuclear activities on the persons and on the environment. Art. 22 Law on transparency on nuclear safety (June 2006) 15

16 The public debate (France) A consultation on significant industrial projects A consultation of the public organized by the law on proximity democracy under the control of an independent commission: national debate if strategic interest is concerned, regional debate else meetings in the region/the country with the utility possibility to express one s own opinion EDF s engagements after Flamanville-3 public debate ( ): - Energy saving: propose economic energetic solutions with low greenhouse gas (CO 2 ) emissions, reinforce the energy economy policy for the industrials and the communities, develop information actions on an economic way in using electricity - Renewable energies: invest 3 billion through 2010 in wind energy in Europe, develop research on new technology and renewable energy sources final report is public Two main objectives to inform the public as completely as possible and to allow everybody to give his opinion on the project To give the possibility to the owner to adjust the project to take into account main concerns or wishes of stakeholders and the public 16 Karen Daifuku Nuclear Energy and Stakeholder Engagement June 2011

17 Stakeholder engagement Strategic drivers Consultation process Trust / Respect / Empowerment Legislative framework Knowledge / Communication / Transparency Economic impact Some examples 17

18 Grand chantier procedure (France) A socio-economic plan to accompany the project The procedure, asked by the operator, but decided by the authorities, enables to promote the local economy: education and training for employment concerning the project infrastructures financing (road and transportation, buildings and areas for businesses ) long term plan for employment in concertation with local actors (local recruitments) 18 Karen Daifuku Nuclear Energy and Stakeholder Engagement, June J2011

19 The importance of the nuclear industry in France The weight today and following the scenarios of the WEO 2010 EMPLOYMENT 125,000 Direct Jobs 410,000 Direct, Indirect and Secondary Jobs Added value Contribution to GDP 12.3 billion Total added value created 33.5 billion Direct jobs = 4% of industrial employment Total jobs = 2% of total employment 0.7% of French GDP 2% of total added value 450 companies % estimated Average growth % estimated Source: PWC, May Karen Daifuku Nuclear Energy and Communication, June 2011

20 Stakeholder engagement Strategic drivers Consultation process Trust / Respect / Empowerment Legislative framework Knowledge / Communication / Transparency Economic impact Some examples 20 Karen Daifuku Nuclear Energy and Stakeholder Engagement, June 2011

21 Building trust: SKB experience Participative democracy for finding a site for spent fuel repository existing nuclear municipalities are investigated in the feasibility study Two municipalities are chosen for site investigations : Osthammar e Oskarshamn 2009 First decision and selection (Osthammar) Within 2014 Final decision after permitting procedure A true competition between municipalities to host the spent fuel repository 21

22 Building trust: SKB experience Participative democracy for finding a site for spent fuel repository Principles Openness Transparency Knowledge sharing / Knowledge building Respect Legal framework Role clarity Financing Time to decision Conditions Process Voluntary participation Local project office Working groups Consultations 22

23 Building trust: SKB experience A high support from populations More than 3 out of 4 inhabitants in concerned towns support repository in their own municipality Definetely against Against 100 % Undecided 80 % 77 % 83 % For Definetely for 60 % % 40 % 40 % % 0 % 34 7% 16 % % 13 % % 25 Östhammar 2008 Oskarshamn 2008 Sweden

24 Building trust: Belgian partnerships Structure of the Belgian partnerships for the study of the LILW repository Executive committee (9-14 local members + 1 ONDRAF) General Assembly: ONDRAF (1 member) LOCAL PARTNERS: - Local politicians - Social and cultural organizations - Environmental organizations - Economic organizations (unions ) Project coordinators Working Groups (10-15 members each): -Implementation and design -Safety -Public health and environment -Local development 24

25 Building trust: Belgian partnerships Examples of Community benefits requested Monitoring safety Contingency officer assisting the mayor Specialized intervention team Continuous duty to inform the population Construction of a test disposal module Monitoring the environment Measurements (air, water and groundwater quality) Control on environmental impact assessment (EIA) compliance Minimizing the environmental impact Avoid/compensate any damage to the environment Green screen of trees around the repository Monitoring health Follow-up of a pilot study Annual check-up for all inhabitants On going local participation and communication Following up the decision making Continuously involving local citizens Social benefits Contact and support centre, ombudsman Digital and interactive network Theme park on nuclear energy, radioactivity, and radiation protection Economic benefits SME zones to be developed Developing the road infrastructures Fund aimed at developing projects to improve the quality of the life 25

26 Local Partnership: the Slovenian example Some positive features: - Information availability and opportunity for discussion, additional independent studies - Opportunity to participate in decision making - Trust building - Model for managing other environmental problems - Development of dialog between the municipality, government and local community - Involvement of ombudsman Key negative aspects that lead to low empowerment: - Changing of legislation in the course of siting procedure - Low trust in municipality leadership and politicians in general - Lack of clear framework: leadership, legal status of participants was not defined in advance - Representativeness was questionable because of voluntarism - Difficulties in distinguishing between public interest, organization interest, environmental interest, or personal interest - Public did not take the responsibility for its influence in decision making - Process became time and money consuming without the expected positive results Source: ARAO Agency for Radwaste Management Slovenia 26

27 Partnership Approach: conclusions (1/2) Partnership is an innovative approach to public involvement - Redistribution of decision making between citizens and implementers - Community engaged in deliberating and interacting Key features to success - Different ways of organizing work (working groups, permanent committees, panels) - Operator and potential host community working together on a common project - Authorities (local, regional, national) are involved A key principle is that the local authority should always be clear about the scope and limits of a participatory process; which decisions or budgets are open for discussion, or can be managed by residents and which cannot. 27

28 Partnership Approach: conclusions (2/2) Partnerships also require adequate support measures - Funding for community engagement and competence-building. - Supplementary social and economic benefits for short-term development and/or long-term quality of life - Other aspects for siting: Volunteerism, Right of Veto (formal or informal) In these conditions, partnership arrangements empower the local communities: - To choose which experts consult and build up own expertise. - To provide recommendations to authorities: plans for benefit packages, conditions - To influence the generic concept and change the design - To monitor the performance of players; check their authenticity. BUT YOU NEED TO MAKE YOUR OWN FORMULA! Based on best practices and taking into account your own culture and society 28

29 Nuclear Energy and Stakeholder Engagement Thank you for your attention