ADB / PARIS21 High Level Forum on Statistical Capacity Building for ASEAN Countries

Transcription

1 ADB / PARIS21 High Level Forum on Statistical Capacity Building for ASEAN Countries EDSA Shangri-la Hotel 7-9 November 2002 The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Directors or the governments they represent. ADB makes no representation concerning and does not guarantee the source, originality, accuracy, completeness or reliability of any statement, information, data, finding, interpretation, advice, opinion, or view presented.

2 ADB/PARIS21 High Level Forum on Statistical Capacity Building for ASEAN Countries Manila, Philippines, 7-9 November 2002 Country Paper: The National Statistical System of Vietnam: The achievements and challenges 1

3 1. BACKGROUND: Current status of the General Statistics Office (GSO) of Vietnam FUNCTIONS OF THE GSO The General Statistics Office (GSO) of Vietnam is National Statistical Office under direct authority of the Government, with the functions of state management in the field of official statistics and provision of information in real figures on social-economic activities to every agency, organization and body in accordance with the Government s regulations. RESPONSIBILITIES AND POWERS 1. Preparing and submitting to the Government any draft statistical law, act or other legislative documents and conducting the implementation of these that have been issued by the National Assembly, the standing committee of the National Assembly and the Government. 2. Submitting to the Government any plans and projections for the statistical development and conducting the implementation of those that have been approved by the Government. 3. Issuing any statistical standards and instructions for common application in the whole country. 4. Conducting the collection, processing, analysis and dissemination and provision of socio-economic statistical data in accordance with the Government s regulation. RESPONSIBILITIES AND POWERS (Cont.) 5. Coordinating and assisting line ministries and Government offices to defined items to be gathered, method to collect specific data. 6. Conducting the scientific study, applying modern technology in the statistical services, developing the international cooperation in the field 2

4 of statistics in accordance with the Government s regulations. Organizing the statistical training to statistical staff. 7. Inspecting, checking line ministries and Government offices for their acting upon regulations set for the statistics work. 8. Managing the organizational system, staff, and finance for activities of the whole statistical system (from central to local levels) in accordance with the Government s regulations. ORGANIZATION OF THE GENERAL STATISTCS OFFICE (GSO) cont. The GSO is headed by the Director-General, and Deputy Director- General who assists the Director-General in his work. The Director- General and Deputy Director-General are appointed by the Government. The GSO Director-General is responsible to the Prime Minister for all statistical activities. The Deputy Director-Generals are responsible to the Director-General for the specific fields assigned to them respectively. The GSO is organized in vertical system from central to local levels. Its structure consists of 20 professional Departments and specific Units that assist the Director-General in the implementation of state management (see organization chart of the GSO). The 61 Provincial Statistical Offices (PSOs) are under direct authority of the GSO, which administer all statistical staff in 603 District Statistical Bureau (DSBs) belonging to those provinces. The GSO Director-General decides and assigns specific tasks to above units in accordance with the Government s regulations. ORGANIZATION CHART OF THE GENERAL STATISTICS OFFICE (GSO) LEGAL FRAMEWORK The ORDINANCE ON ACCOUTING AND STATISTICS was promulgated in May 10, 1988 by President of Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The GOVERNMANT DECREE No. 23/CP on the Functions, Duties, Powers and Organizational system of the GSO was 3

5 promulgated in March 23, 1994 by Prime Minister of Socialist Republic of Vietnam. After 10 years of implementation, since 1999 the GSO has been drafting the law on statistics to submit the Government for discussion before submitting the National Assembly. STATISTICAL DATA COLLECTING METHODS 1. Regular report system 2. Censuses 3. Sample surveys REGULAR REPORT SYSTEM Regular report system is applied for Enterprises* (industry, trade, construction, services, etc. enterprises) Report system is applied for government bodies, line ministries which manage administrative records (customs, finance, education, health, employment, etc.) Report system is applied for local statistics offices (PSOs, DSBs). CENSUSES Population and housing census: 1979, 1989, 1999 Agriculture and rural census: 1994, Economic census: 1995, 2002 (ongoing) SAMPLE SURVEYS Monthly surveys: Retail prices, Domestic trade turnover surveys, Industrial output surveys, Production trend survey, etc. Seasonal surveys: Agriculture crop surveys (rice, industrial crops, etc.) 4

6 Annual surveys: Non-state industrial surveys, Construction surveys, Non-state trade survey, Fishery survey, non-state transport survey, Livestock survey, etc. Irregular surveys: Inter-censal demographic survey, Living standard survey, etc. 2. ACHIEVEMENTS: MAIN STATISTICS COMPILED BY GSO Population and Labor Force Censuses and surveys Population censuses: 1979, 1989, 1999 The population census has been carried out every ten years since 1979 throughout the country. Since 1989 housing censuses have been conducted in conjunction with the population censuses: in 1989 that was conducted with small sample size; in this time (1 April 1999) that is real census. The purpose of the censuses to clarify the scale, structure, distribution and characteristics of the population, households and housing and to provide the statistical data necessary for policy making by the national and local governments. Population and Labor Force Cont. Inter-censal demographic survey 1994 Realizing the need for more up-to-date information about fertility, infant and child mortality, family planning and their determinants, GSO conducted an Inter-Censal Demographic Survey (ICDS). This survey was national in scope. The survey in 1994 was carried out with financial and technical assistance from UNFPA. The sample size of households (13,200) are located in 240 sample areas named enumerator districts (ED). Population and Labour Force Cont. The Multi-Round Demographic Survey (MRS) 5

7 GSO biannually undertakes to collect information on population changes. The sample households (200,000) are located in 1,122 enumeration districts (ED). On the average, an ED comprises about 140 households in the urban case and 200 households in the case of rural areas. Population and Labour Force Cont. Labour - Employment Survey Labour - employment survey has been annually conducted by Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) and General Statistics Office (GSO) from 1996 with sample size more than 100,000 households in rural and urban areas. The survey is designed to aim at providing baseline information, such as distribution of labour force and employment situation in rural and urban areas, economic regions, provinces, cities and all over the country. Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery cont. II. Census and surveys: Agriculture and rural census: GSO conducted the first census in 1994 Purpose of the census is to obtain basic data on agriculture and rural necessary for agricultural administration of central and local governments The census consists of key indicators on rural communities, communes, rural household and agriculture, forestry, fishery state enterprises The second agriculture and rural census was conducted in 2001 Social indicators cont. III. Surveys: Multi-purpose households survey was conducted in 1995, 1996, 1997 to obtain data on basic features, housing status, quantity and quality of consumption equipment, safe water, electricity supply, 6

8 sanitary condition, health and nutrition,... of households. The sample size was 45,000 households. Living standards surveys supported by UNDP were conducted in (SPC & GSO) and (GSO) National Accounts I. Main indicators: Gross domestic product (GDP) at current price Gross domestic product (GDP) at constant price Structure of GDP by economic sector, ownership and by kind of economic activities Growth rate of GDP Nowadays GSO is trying to expend the application of SNA to calculate some other integrated economic indicators such as gross capital formation, final consumption, gross national income, saving, etc. National Accounts cont. II. History: : GSO had been applying the Material Product System (MPS) and calculating some integrated indicators such as: Social gross output, Intermediate consumption, National income, Final consumption, Gross capital formation Since 1992 GSO has been periodically compiling the country s national accounts following the SNA Statistics. It compiled its first series of GDP estimates and other economic indicators with calendar year 1989 as the basic year. Statistical Publications I. Regular publication: Statistical yearbook (annually) Statistical handbook (firstly published with Handbook 1998) 7

9 Main Statistics of the Year (annually) Main Statistics of the Quarter (quarterly) Today s price index bulletin (monthly) Fact and figure journal (monthly). Statistical Publication cont. II. Irregular publication: The result of agriculture and rural census 1994, 2001 The result of economic census 1995 The result of multi-purpose household survey The result of living standards surveys , The results of population censuses: 1979, 1989, 1999 The result of inter-census demographic survey 1994 The result of labour force and employment survey 1996 Statistical Publication cont. II. Irregular publication:(cont) Impetus and present situation of Vietnam society and economy after ten years of Doi moi ( ) Economy & Trade of Vietnam Economy and finance of Vietnam Non-state economy in open-door time Vietnam trade in the open-door time Analysis, assessment on the national programme of malnutrition control of Vietnamese children 1994 Statistical Publication cont. II. Irregular publication:(cont.) Major social and economic information obtained from the large scale surveys in period of Socio-economic statistical data of pivotal economic regions in Vietnam 8

10 Socio-economic statistical data of 61 provinces and cities in Vietnam Social indicators in Vietnam Statistical Information Dissemination GSO publishes statistical information in books and periodicals GSO submits Government reports and statistical data GSO provides international counterparts free of charge with important statistical publications (yearbooks, handbooks, etc.) Publications can be got through book shops or directly from Statistical Publishing House Statistical Information Dissemination cont. Now GSO is strengthening the statistical documentation center which is in charge to serve users In the framework of Sida project, GSO is developing WEB site in order to provide statistical information via intranet (GSONET) and Through CD-ROM. In the framework of UNFPA project, GSO is developing statistical information distribution policy. 3. ISSUES and CHALLENGES Issues, constraints, bottlenecks and challenges GSO is in the Doi moi process of the country and improving statistical activities to be suitable for new management mechanism and economic-social situation. There is long distance between available statistical data and user s need. Vietnam statistical data are still absent in some international statistical yearbooks. There is still big gap between statistics and data produced by Vietnam and figures estimated by International Organizations for Vietnam. 9

11 Statistical products need to be standardized. The legal environment for statistical activities need to be strengthened Issues, constraints, bottlenecks and challenges cont. GSO staff trained in the old mechanism need to be retrained for new market economy Requirement to improve and standardize statistical activities requires big effort Budget and technical infrastructure for statistical activities are limited, but demand and need for statistics are increasing Coordination between Statistical units of line ministries, Government institutions and the GSO system needs to be strengthened Issues, constraints, bottlenecks and challenges cont. Cooperation among National Statistical Offices and between National Statistical Offices and International Statistical Organizations needs to be strengthened and developed. Gap in Information Technology (IT) Capacity among Statistical offices within a country* and between countries* in the region should be reduced. ************ 10