SHARED CONTROL OF NATURAL RESOURCES (SCOR)

Transcription

1 SHARED ONTROL OF NATURAL RESOURES (SOR) SOR '''ORK PLAN ( ) nternational rrigation Management nstitute (M) Sri Lanka ountry Programme 107, Havelok Road, olombo S, Sri Lanka SOR seeks to inrease the users' share of ontrol of natural resoures in seleted watersheds through partnerships between the state and users that ontribute to greater prodution while onserving the natural resoures ~ase. SOR will promote integrated planning for the use of land and water resoures in two pilot watersheds with spread effets to other areas. The SOR projet is a ollaborative effort of the Government of Sri Lanka, the United States Ageny for nternational Development (USAD and the 11M!.

2 ONTENTS Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure la Figure 2a Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Map 1 Map 2 Annex 1 Annex 2 Annex 3 Annex 4 Annex 5 Annex 6 Annex 7 Annex 8 ntrod ution... 1 Huruluwewa Watershed... 2 Upper-Nilwala Watershed... 6 Mode of mplementation Monitoring and Evaluation Proposed researh studies under SOR Work plan of Huruluwewa Watershed Work plan of Upper-Nilwala Watershed Sketh map of urrent status of Meegaswewa asade lla Antiipated status after SOR intervention... lla Typial Landsape Profiel- Huruluwewa Watershed SOR Pereption of a possible future Sketh of typial landsape profjle of sub-watersheds in Nilwala Watershed Antiipated status of the model landsape in hala Millawaela sub-watershed after SOR intervention A minimum set of indiators to monitor group status Databases for generating basi information lassifiation of Expenditure Expenditure lassifiation by major interventions Bi-monthly expenditure statement Monthly ommitted expenditure lassifiation by loation Huruluwewa Watershed Nilwala Watershed Monitoring and Evaluation framework Format for Physial progress Reporting Format for summary quarterly report on physial progress riteria for user sub-grants Seleted indiators for Monitoring and Evaluation Logial Framework Organization hart Monitoring & Evaluation Proess - SOR Projet

3 SHARED ONTROL OF NATURAL RESOURES (SOR) SOR WORK PLAN FOR HURULUWEWA AND NLWALA WATERSHEDS ( ) 1. NTRODUTON 1.1 Purpose This doument presents the draft work plan of the 'Shared ontrol of Natural Resoures (SOR)' Projet. t presents and desribes the: rationale for seletion of miro watersheds for SOR interventions; the basis for seletion of speifi themes, intervention areas and ativities; the approah for planning and implementation of projet ativities; draft work plans for Huruluwewa and Nilwala watersheds; researh topis proposed to be onduted; and indiators suggested for M&E of the projet impat. 1.2 SOR Projet The goal of SOR is to inrease the sustainable produtivity of the natural resoures base in Sri Lanka in ways that will improve people's livelihood benefiially and equitably now and in the future with due regard for the environment. To ahieve this goal, the projet seeks to inrease the user's share of ontrol of natural resoures in seleted watersheds through partnerships between the state and users that ontribute to greater prodution while onserving the natural resoures base. SOR will promote integrated planning in the use of land and water resoures. See annex 6 and 7 for Logial framework and organization hart. The Projet is implemented in two phases over six years in the two pilot watersheds, Le., Huruluwewa (Upper yanoya) watershed in the North entral Provine (NP) and Upper Nilwala watershed in the Southern Provine (SP), overing a total area about 30,000 ha. Maps showing the two watersheds are in map 1 and Approah for planning and implementation SOR is the first projet based on watershed priniple ever to be implemented in Sri Lanka. t has been designed through intensive partiipatory interation between resoure users, provinial and field level offiials, seleted loal onsultants of relevant disiplines, failitated by a design team from 11M!. The work plans presented herewith have been developed by the two resident SOR teams, on the basis of the simulation planning exerises arried out during the planning workshops held between 23 September to 16 Otober, subsequent onsultations with the people and the field level ageny offiials, and intensive field verifiations. 1

4 SOR ativities are failitated by lm through a multi-disiplinary team of professionals plaed in the watershed. The team failitates the planning and implementation of speifi projet ativities by the resoures users, relevant state agenies and NGOs in the seleted geographi areas within the miro watersheds. t is under the diretion of Water Resoures Management Team (WRM1) established at field level and the Provinial Steering ommittee (PS) at provinial level. SOR will follow a learning proess approah in the planning and implementation of the projet. The subsequent part of this note presents desriptions for Huruluwewa and Upper Nilwala watersheds, separately. 2. HURULUWEWA WATERSHED 2.1 Watershed area For purpose of SOR, Huruluwewa watershed is defined as the area overed by the athment of Huruluwewa tank up to Habarana wewa, water-spread area of Huruluwewa reservoir, and the area between Huruluwewa dam to the point of onfluene of Adappan Oya with Yan Oya. The latter area inludes the ommand area under Huruluwewa reservoir, highlands, and drainage area. The watershed onsists of Yan Oya and Huruluwewa irrigation system and, a large number of minor tanks. t is atually the upper part of Yan Oya watershed. t falls within the Divisional Seretariat areas of Galenbindunuwewa, Palugaswewa, Kekirawa and Horowpatana. The total area overed is about 47,700 ha. The area overed by Huruluwewa watershed is shown in map 1. The important present land uses are hena, irrigated agriulture, forests, homestead and degraded areas. The main problems are lak of water in the Yala and weak management in Maha, degradation of the resoure base and unorganized resoure users. 2.2 Geographial areas of work A few tank asade systems and miro-watersheds within the main Huruluwewa watershed have been identified for intervention in the initial two years. These speifi areas have been initially identified by the Land Use Poliy Planning Division (LUPPD) of the Ministry of Lands, on the basis of sientifi studies undertaken by them in the watersheds. The main geographi areas identified for the implementation of SOR ativities in Huruluwewa are listed below: 1. Meegaswewa subwatershed 2. Mahadivulwewa subwatershed 2

5 3. Kiulekadawewa subwatershed 4. Drainage area of Huruluwewa irrigation system from Nikawewa upto lukwewa aniut. 5. Huruluwewa ommand area 6. Trat 6 area of Huruluwewa inluding homesteads. n addition to the above six areas, the Mahaweli feeder anal from Lenadora to Habaranawewa has been inluded as a speial area of intervention by the SOR. t should be noted that some interventions suh as integrated planning and oordination will not be onfined to any geographi area, but will spread over the entire watershed and the provine Themes or interventions During the planning workshops held from 22nd to 18th Otober at Anuradhapura, at whih the SOR team and other relevant offiers partiipated, nine main themes and intervention areas were identified. Those were subsequently refined on the basis of field reonnaissane and disussions with field level ageny offiials, ommunity based organizations, NGOs and individual users. The final themes ulminated at the above efforts are listed below. a. Stabilization of hena and enroahed state lands. b. Regeneration of tank eo-systems.. ntegrated water management in Huruluwewa watershed. d. Sharing resoures for improving homesteads. e. Ground water development and management. f. Land onsolidation in minor tanks. g. ntegrated planning and oordination. h. Organizing user groups/user organizations/sub-user ounils for prodution, protetion and related servies. 1. Researh with no interventions. 2.4 Rationale or seletion o themes a. Stabilization o hena and enroahed state lands: n the Huruluwewa watershed, hena ultivation on both government and private lands is very high. Several hundreds of enroahed areas are being turned over to the people under various programmes. Forest lands in the watershed have already been degraded to an alarming level. The proess of destrution of forest land will probably ontinue. Beause of the rapid rate of 3

6 degradation of forests, drying up of water ourses, dwindling of wildlife habitats and several other problems have already ropped up. The neessity to protet the existing forests and to inrease reforestation of badly degraded lands have been stressed in several government poliy douments. be Regeneration of tank eo-systems The eo-systems of all the minor tanks and the Huruluwewa reservoir have been degraded badly over time. t is generally aepted that the destrution of tank e0 systems ontributes substantially to the siltation of tanks and development of alkalinity, and affets the tank inflows. ts restoration is vital both from prodution and protetion perspetives.. ntegrated water management in Huruluwewa watershed Huruluwewa is a water defiit area. Huruluwewa tank is supplemented by the diversions from Mahaweli system via Huruluwewa feeder anal, and its ommand by a number of minor tanks. A number of agro-wells too have been onstruted in the watershed. Thus, shallow ground water is now available to augment the surfae water soures. However, a high degree of illiit water tapping is reported along the feeder anal from Mahaweli system to Huruluwewa tank. The effiieny of water use along the asade of minor tanks en-route of Mahaweli water to Huruluwewa tank too is reported to be low. The augmentation of Huruluwewa system by the minor tanks situated in the periphery of the ommand too takes plae without muh planning and oordination. Drainage return flows from Huruluwewa irrigation system are tapped by the loal people for ash rop prodution by lift irrigation. Utilization ofground water through agro-wells is arried out by farmers on individual basis. On the whole, there is no proper oordination between Mahaweli authorities, Agrarian Servies Department, Provinial rrigation Department, and the rrigation department and individual users for the management of water for its optimum use. There is proven potential to improve the water use and management with the partiipation of the relevant ageny offiials and the users on a olletive basis. d. Sharing resoures for improving homesteads The apaity of the homesteads in generating food and employment has not been utilized satisfatorily. The homesteads should beome the fous of integrated rop and livestok husbandry to failitate ontinued inome generation, food supply and employment. There has not been any programme foused on this important omponent of the farming system within this watershed...

7 e. Ground water development and management A large number of agro-wells have been onstruted in Huruluwewa watershed over the past few years by the government and individuals for irrigated agriulture. However, the ground water development through agro-well onstrution has been done without arrying out proper sientifi studies. As a result, no aepted norms and regulations have been adopted for the onstrution of agro-wells. While aepting the fat that the ground water an be effetively used for rop prodution and to supplement surfae water in Huruluwewa ommand, the haphazard development and use of ground water will be detrimental to the long term sustainability of irrigated agriulture as well as to the environment. Signs of deteriorating water quality, falling water tables, and delining water yields from existing wells are beginning to appear. Thus, a study fousing on the proper development and management of ground water is very timely. f. Land onsolidation in minor tanks. onsolidation of small and fragmented lands partiularly under the, minor irrigation systems is an important determinant of produtivity in the dry zone. A few pilot interventions done in Sri Lanka provides evidene that onsolidation of fragmented land holdings sattered over an irrigation ommand area of a minor tank, whih are owned by a large number of farmers is pratially possible with the willingness and partiipation of the land owners. n the present setting, land onsolidation is ruial in improving effiieny of water use, produtivity and total prodution. g. Organize groups for prodution, protetion, marketing and related servies: nreased prodution and improved protetion require effetive organizational mehanisms for sustainability. The lessons and experiene in Sri Lanka and elsewhere adequately justify the need for organizing groups and linking the groups through proper oordinating arrangements suh as organizations, ommittees and ounils. Evidene from several pilot programmes onduted in the dry zone learly shows that the basis for effiient use of resoures has to ome from organized groups. There is also high sope for providing servies required for prodution and protetion through organized groups. Strengthening the existing user groups and formation of new user groups, organizations and user ounils will enhane the prodution, produtivity, inomes, equity and sustainability of prodution and related markets and servies. Organization of groups is therefore the key to suess in prodution, protetion, marketing and other servies in the watershed. 5

8 h. ntegrated planning and oordination t is noted that land and water resoures management projets and ativities are implemented by NGOs, BOs and state agenies in the watershed. Planning of these interventions are done on an ad-ho assessment of the resoures base and resoures potential, and analysis of prodution onstraints. The role of resoures users in planning is minimal. Also, speifi projets and ativities are implemented in isolation by various agenies and NGOs in their respetive fields of speialization with little fous on the key problems affeting prodution, produtivity and protetion. More often the interventions and ativities of projets ome to a omplete halt one the projets are withdrawn. Muh potential exists to strengthen integrated planning and oordination within the Divisional Seretary's division and the Provine. SOR an failitate the development of data and information base, monitoring and evaluation systems and training of offiials, NGOs and resoure users on onstraint analysis, rapid appraisal of problems and situations, self monitoring and evaluation of programmes et. At the end, it is required to transform from the present 'projet' mode to program me' in oneptualizing, planning, implementing, oordinating and evaluating speifi development interventions in the watershed by line agenies, NGOs and resoures users. 3. UPPER NLWALA WATERSHED 3.1 Watershed area The entire Nilwala watershed overs a total area of 146,280 ha. t omprises of the upper Nilwala watershed seleted for initial interventions by SOR, and the lower watershed, inluding the area falling under the Nilwala Ganaga Flood Protetion and Drainage Sheme (NFPDS). SOR will not have any interventions in the lower watershed, inluding the area overed by the NFPDS during the first phase. The area seleted within the upper watersheds (miro watersheds) for SOR interventions falls within the Divisional seretaries divisions of Kotapola, Pasgoda, Neluwa and Pitabeddra. However, SOR ativities during the frst phase will be mainly within the frrst three DS divisions. The main land and land use types within the upper watershed are proteted forest, other state forests, highlands and homesteads overed with tea, paddy, rubber, oonut, kithul and fruit trees. Tea is the dominant agriultural rop. A signifiant area of the watershed is degraded. 6

9 3.2 Geographial area of work A few miro watersheds were initially identified by the Land Use Poliy Planning Division (LUPPD) of the Ministry of Lands, on the basis of topography, eology, land use, land tenure, prodution and marketing onstraints, and the present status of environmental degradation, homesteads and resoures users. A rapid appraisal of these miro watersheds was done by the SOR team with the LUPPD team through field visits during the planning workshop. As a result, the following four miro watersheds have been seleted for SOR interventions and ativities during the first phase. 1. Aninkanda 2. Diyadawa-Tenipita (Deniyaya) 3. Millewa 4. Horagala. n addition, the interventions in relation to integrated planning and oordination will not be onfined to the above geographi areas, but will spread over the entire watershed and the provine. (See map 2) 3.3 Themes for SOR interventions Five themes have been identified by the SOR team for Upper Nilwala watershed on the basis of the onsensus arrived at the planning workshop and through subsequent field reonnaissane and disussions with field level ageny offiials, ommunity based organizations (BOs), NGOs and individual resoure users. n addition, SOR will arry out seleted researh studies without any interventions. The themes embrae the five basi SOR onepts identified as prodution, protetion, shared ontrol, watershed approah and fous on poverty. They are stated below. 1. Sharing management of land and water resoures. n. Sharing resoures for improving homesteads. iii mproving tea/paddy ulture. iv. Organizing groups for prodution, protetion and related servies. v. ntegrated planning and oordination. V. Researh with no intervention 3.4 Rationale for seletion of themes i. Sharing management of land and water resoures: Distortion of river flows, as evident from inreased flood peaks and redued base flow distribution aompanied with severe erosion and loss of fertile soils, have beome 7

10 harateristi phenomena in river Nilwala and other streams over few deades. There is onsensus among the government offiials, NGOs and the users of land and water resoures that haphazard exploitation and use of lands inluding reserved forests, other state forests, large tea plantations and tea smallholdings, homesteads, river banks, stream and road reservations is largely responsible for this situation. t is noted that enroahment of state lands in forests, river banks, streaml road reservations for growing tea is ommon in the upper watershed. The remaining natural tropial forests too are subjet to the threat of enroahing by people for the ultivation of tea. The gravity of the situation is evident from the fat that about 1500 ares of Diyadawa forest reserve had been enroahed reently. The ignorane of farmers for the adoption of appropriate soil and moisture onservation in ultivated areas, partiularly in enroahed and private tea smallholdings, has aggravated the threat to land and water resoures base. n the past, the government agenies and NGOs implemented a number of reforestation and afforestation projets to ombat the threat to resoure base. n addition, they enfored law and order against enroahers of state lands and destrutors of forests through the governmental regulatory mehanisms. All these efforts are proved to be not very effetive beause of lak of olletive onern of the ommunity and partiipation and support from the loal people for those efforts. Also, prodution-oriented, inome generating protetion and onservation strategies that provide inentives for enroahers and farmers have been notably absent in those efforts. As a result, it is noted that the degree of enroahment, forest destrution, soil erosion, loss of fertility and drying of water ourses ontinue to take plae at an alarming level. On the hand, there are omplexities in tenure arrangements with regard to enroahed lands. Some enroahed lands have been given to the people, while others not. The formalities inluding land survey work in respet of some lands have not yet been finalized. The protetion and onservation of lands alienated to people remain to be a serious problem. Time is, therefore, opportune to adopt an innovative approah to motivate and mobilize loal people to protet the lands in upper watershed. The partiipation of the loal people has to be obtained on olletive basis, while the onservation efforts have to be rewarded through the introdution of onservation tehniques and strategies that will generate fmanial gains and new land use and tenure arrangements that will guarantee the aess and aquisition of the benefits of onservation by the people. 0. Sharing resoures for improving homesteads: Homestead is a key mosai of the upper watershed. Tea plants have replaed many traditional food rops in homesteads, partiularly after the inreased prie for tea in early 1980s. Thus, tea plantation onstitute a greater part of homesteads as well as the upper 8

11 watershed. Although, it is true that the people derive satisfatory inomes from homesteads, further eonomi benefits an be obtained by harnessing the full prodution potential of the homesteads. This prodution base an be intensified through the introdution of fruit rops, livestok husbandry, and other avenues suh as apiulture, floriulture growing, hortiultural plants and mediinal herbs, whih will bring additional finanial benefits-to the smallholder. However, in the past, no programmes have foused on integrated homestead development. SOR ould at the atalysing and failitating role to the NGOs, private setor and the relevant line agenies to: promote new prodution and related value-adding opportunities in the homesteads; organize ativity based user groups and organizations; and establish markets and other servie links for primary and value-added produts. ill. mprove Tea-paddy ulture: The ross-setion of the watershed an be typially haraterized as tea-paddy ulture, whih is analogous to typial paddy-hena ulture in the dry zone. However, it is reported that, exept in privately managed tea plantations, tea and paddy yields in smallholdings are far below than the potential. Typially, many tea smallholder do not adopt proper agronomi praties and soil and moisture onservation measures. t is also noted that a prolonged period of dryness prevails during early months of the year, resulting in yield redution of tea and substantial plant ausalities due to soil-moisture stress. There is potential for minimizing yield redutions and losses by introduing proper agronomi praties and soil and moisture onservation measures to tea small holdings. SOR an playa key role in failitating this task. Testing the tehnial feasibility and eonomis of supplementary irrigation of tea is another possible area of intervention. Status of both irrigated and rain-fed paddy ultivation too is not very satisfatory. The best use of paddy lands and available water is greatly hindered by fragmentation of paddy allotments, poor ondition of irrigation failities due to negleted maintenane, and low preferene to paddy ultivation by farmers due to high eonomi returns from tea growing. SOR an intervene in motivating and mobilizing farmers through organized groups to rehabilitate and maintain irrigation failities by sharing apital investments. The land produtivity an be inreased by onsolidating fragmented lands of minor irrigation shemes. There is potential to integrate latter intervention with the on-going World Bank funded National rrigation Rehabilitation Projet (NJRP). iv. Organizing groups for prodution, protetion and related servies. Same as sub-setion (g) of setion 2 above. 9

12 t «a: v. ntegrated planning and oordination. a: Same as sub-setion (h) of setion 2 above. a:: MODE OF MPLEMENTATON A number of ativities emanate from different interventions identified under the main themes as desribed in the previous setions. The themes, intervention areas and ativities proposed for Huruluwewa and Nilwala watershed are presented in work plans given in setions 3 and 4 respetively. Those ativities will spread out in geographi spae at different loations depending on the prodution and protetion needs demanded by speifi eologial, soio-eonomi and environmental requirements at those loations. For example, for the proposed ativities under the theme of 'regeneration of tank eosystems', fous will be on the foreshore (Gasgommana), Perahana and Kattakaduwa, while for those under 'establishing henas in tank athments', the ativities will be distributed in a larger area of the athment of a asade system. Also, the ativities for the preservation and onservation of road, river and stream reservations will be arried out along the strips of seleted reservations, thereby utting aross sub-loations in the sub-watershed. There are many sub-loations where suh ativities ould be implemented. n view of the need to produe the expeted output during the two year first phase of the SOR projet, an appropriate mode of implementation was artiulated to have fous on two ontiguous areas, one eah in the two pilot watersheds. The seleted ontiguous areas are sub-watersheds of manageable size within the main watershed, having harateristi profiles of eologial, soio-eonomi and environmental features similar to that of the respetive main watersheds. Ation will be taken to demonstrate as muh ativities as appropriate representing different themes in one ontiguous blok. The full overage of the land spae of this sub-watershed will be attempted with the appropriate themes, interventions and ativities as muh as possible to fonn a model that will demonstrate the elements of repliation in a muh larger area during the seond phase. This 'ontiguous area' or 'model watershed' approah of implementation would illustrate the various prodution-protetion elements along with their intimate relationships, that will have to be inorporated in watershed management in order to produe a sustainable land and water resoures base. This mode of operation with a ontiguous area fous will failitate a onvenient geographial base for monitoring of the land and water resoures management proesses and ativities, and evaluating their outputs and effets leading to the antiipated impat. The two seleted ontiguous areas are Meegaswewa asade in Huruluwewa watershed and hala Millawa Ela in Nilwala watershed. While onentrating almost all the themes t : e:: : 10

13 '. and many interventions and ativities on these subwatersheds, other subwatersheds will also ontinue to have interventions and ativities on priority basis and at different intensities. Figure 1 presents a sketh map of Meegaswewa asade showing the two tanks, the athment, paddy area and the homesteads, the terrain that slopes to Yan Oya. The emptiness depits the need for onservation (protetion) and prodution. Figure 2 depits the future vision under the intervention of the SOR projet that aims to inrease the sustainable produtivity of these land and water resoures. Figure la presents the typial landsape profile of Hurulewewa watershed 'With a asade system of two tanks. Figure 2a portrays the possible future for this landsape with SOR intervention. Figure 3 presents a profile of the landsape in the sub-watersheds identified for major fous in the Upper Nilwala Watershed. A brief aount follows of the speifi zones where intervention is onsidered neessary. ($ee Figure 4) 1. RB tops and hi2h slopes more than 35 de2tees These areas should be under the land over ategory of dense forests with 50% 100% anopy over. Most of these areas ome under the ontrol of the Forest department. Any enroahments will have to be removed with alternative solutions. 2. Seondary forests This zone has many degraded areas that need a prodution oriented intervention. Agroforestry praties with woody perennials and agriultural rops, tapping of available resoures through user-state partnerships and onservation praties inlude the intervention. 3. Srub and ommerial roppin2 lands This zone offers opportunities for inreasing the produtivity of land, improve onservation, organize existing ommerial ativities and initiate new ommerial ativities through user sub-grants, onservation farming and other appropriate interventions. 11

14 Fig: 1 A sketh of Meegaswewa asade Surfae onditions in Huruluwewa watershed for Meegaswewa Settlement f.1"~ha PADDY ~ Fig: 2 A Possible Future Planned Under SOR ntervention ONSERVATON FARMNG AVENUE PLANTNG PADDY PERAHANA KATTAKADUWA.lla

15 Fig: 1a Typ leal Lan dseap e Pro file Huruluwewa Watershed. N Fig: 2a SOR Pereption of a Possible Future J Proteoted "llnk UpstreaJD (OasgOJDJDana) Dense Tree over in the Foreshore (Perahana) Ground over 'With Filtering Effeot Reservoir \... tj (Kattakadu'Wa) Appropriate 'Tree Speoies for the Spaoe ~ fp&ddy fl j Agro'Wen. for onjunotive Use of 'Water Pa~dy in Tad End / 1)

16 ~ n.n. Fig:3 A Typial Landsape Profile alling for ntervention n Upper Nllwala Watershed Flg:4 AnUlpated hange n Landsape After SOR ntervention rrrl H7 Forest over r.~,.-:... Agro Forestry Road Reservation ~---~-"":... Home Gardens Stream Gardens ~... 13

17 '. 4. Homesteads The main fous in this zone is on ahieving maximum prodution and onservation in the homesteads allowing farm based as well as non-farm based ativities. 5. Road reservations Road reservations offer a land spae that need protetion and prodution through sustainable means. Many of suh loations add to heavy erosion narrowing the right of way threatening the road itself. Avenue planting ombined with plant/grass over and other plants of food/fodder value through user rights integrated with other ativities suh as animal husbandry are onsidered for intervention in this zone. 6. Stream reservations Stream density is one of the riteria used in the seletion of the sub-watersheds in the Nilwala Watershed. t is a known fat that streams with stripped banks of their : vegetative over arry loads of top soil eroding from the exposed land areas reating siltation, flash floods and many other related problems in the downstream. Field observations revealed the following existing onditions. (1) Parts of the stream banks are eroding with sliding hunks of soils to the stream hanging the morphology of the stream. (2) Parts of the streams are under a rop by a user as an enroaher on his own or on an informal agreement with the owner/user of a larger land holding adjoining to the reservation. (3) Parts of the reservations are ropped by the user of the holding adjoining the reservation. «The intervention in this zone is stream gardens based on the need and wide sope identified for inreasing protetion with sustainable 'prodution of the land spae of the stream reservations in the miro-watersheds. Area for the stream gardens will be mapped and alloated among users who will have the motivation to protet the existing trees and add new trees of produtive value under the arrangement of usufrut rights to be granted to suh users. Eonomi value of the urrent segment of the stream reservation and the total eonomi value of the stream gardens established will be omputed. Figure 4 presents a sketh of the same landsape apearing in figure 3, portraying the antiipated hanges after arrying out the interventions desribed in the foregoing setions. 14 G : :.

18 SUB GRANTS The SOR Projet will disburse US $ 141,000 during the period of present o-operative agreement. There will be two types of suh grants: () () Sub-grants to individual users, user ounils, People's ompanies, user organizations and user groups; and Sub-grants to NGOs and Private Setor. The purpose and disbursement riteria of suh grants are desribed below.. Sub-Grants to Users Either the individual user or organized groups users will be eligible for SOR projet user grants. A vast majority of SOR projet grants, however, will go to organized user groups. The organized groups may inlude: user groups, user organizations, user ounils/sub ounils, people's ompanies aimed at prodution and protetion et. Suh grants among other things will enable the group (or the individual) to: Show ollateral when seeking additional loans through private finanial institutions; Develop and promote insurane shemes for new rops, onservation shemes and investments; onstrut storage failities, markets, terraes, nurseries or other small physial infrastruture; Purhase equipment needed to initiate or upgrade joint enterprises to gain eonomies of sale and value added to their prodution. Join with other user groups to establish revolving funds for onservation of investments and/or the purhase of agriultural inputs; and Obtain legal, finanial and other servies assoiated with establishing user rights, small enterprises and produtive ventures. With resoures user groups that have suffiient finanial and tehnial apability as well as solidarity, the projet will assist experiments with prodution ompanies, outgrower systems or other models of prodution organizations that an ahieve eonomies of sale and greater value-added from prodution, e.g., through proessing to enhane house hold 15

19 inomes and redue demands plaed on vulnerable natural resoures. Suh a mehanism will also at as an inentive for users to protet natural resoures. riteria & Proedures for Disbursement of Grant Funds: The projet's work plan for eah of the two pilot watersheds has been prepared in onsultation with the potential benefiiaries. Therefore the formation of new groups and/or strengthening of existing groups will be based on the ativities inluded in the work plan. For example, there will be organized benefiiary groups for: "stream gardens" or agro-forestry or kitul proessing et. Suh groups, with the assistane of M-SOR team and relevant ageny offiials will prepare detail ativity plans. deally. suh an ativity plan will take the form of a feasible "mini-prmet" aimed of prodution and protetion through shared ontrol. The group will first ondut a self evaluation to hek the feasibility and strength of suh mini-projets and submit it to the respetive user organization. After modifiations (if neessary) and approval, the "mini-projet" proposal will be submitted to the SOR Projet Team. After a partiipatory appraisal and depending on the magnitude of the "mini-projet", the SOR Team may submit the same to higher levels. As indiated below, the authorization proess will depend on the magnitude of the grant omponent of the "mini-projet": Fmanial limit Authorizing institution a. Up to Rs. 25,000 SOR projet team in onsultation with relevant resoure user group. b. Rs. 25, ,000 Watershed Resoure management team.. Rs. 100, ,000 Provinial Steering ommittee or WRMT in onsultation with the Provinial o-ordinator. d. Over Rs. 500,000 National Steering ommittee or WRMT in onsultation with the provinial and national o-ordinators. The proposed arrangement for '' and 'd' above inlude the relevant steering ommittee or the WRMT and the national! provinial o-ordinator. The o-ordinators are assigned with suh authority beause the PS and NS meetings are held one in three months and the work may suffer if the release of funds is delayed. As muh as possible the projet's user sub-grant alloation will be granted diretly to the user organizations/ounils. The eligibility will depend on the strength of the organization and on the strength of the ativity plans/mini projets of: a) user organizations; and b) user groups of that organization. n short. the prmeet grants will only be given to strong mini-prmets forwarded by the strong organizations. Suh organizations (or groups within organizations) will share the ost of the "mini-projets". 16

20 The SOR PrQjet team will enourage the onerned organization to use the grant funding establish a revolving fund for prodution and protetion ativities of the organization. Suh a revolving fund will help the organization to: borrow from a lending institution suh as a ommerial bank. to provide mathing grants in the form of a fixed deposit sheme in favour of user groups to enable them to raise a loan from a lending institution against this deposit et. ll. Sub-Grants to NGOs & Private Setor The Projet will work with seleted private setor enttes and NGOs whih are ommitted to proteting and developing natural resoures in ooperation with ommunities. Suh NGOs will be engaged to help establish user groups in the pilot areas, to arry out training and establish eonomi linkages and servies for groups, to undertake land/prodution onsolidation work, to establish peoples ompanies, to undertake monitoring and evaluation with user groups and ommunities to raise environmental onsiousness, and to integrate suh onsiderations into prodution planning and implementation. By ontrating with NGOs and private setor for suh projet related undertakings their skills and ommitment for partiipatory natural resoures management are expeted to inrease. The riteria and proedures for disbursement of funds will be muh similar to those of user grants. Annex 4 presents the riteria used in providing user grants. D. Proposed Disbursement Plan Total Rs.M User Grants NGO/PS Grants

21 t.5. MONTORNG AND EVALUATON The monitoring and evaluation system (M&ES) of the SOR projet has been designed to reflet the projet performane in respet of its use of inputs, generation of planned output, expeted effets and antiipated impat. Suh refletion is expeted to help steer the projet towards its delared goals. The broad Monitoring and Evaluation framework is presented in annex 1. The M&ES is a part of the broad Management nformation System (MS) of the SOR projet. The four major funtions viz. data apture and entry, store and retrieve, ~ proessing and analysis and display and report of SOR MS will failitate the planning and implementation proess of SOR ativities supported by a Geographi nformation System (GS). SOR M&ES is strutured to ollet information that would reflet and highlight any ~ differenes between (a) the targets, and the atual use of planned finanial and physial resoures inputs utilized to reate the planned output, t (b) the targets, and the atual diret outputs produed from those inputs, t () the targets, and the expeted effets that are observable in the short run as the outome of the inreased utilization of the produed output. (d) hange of ertain proesses and physial properties that are diretly relevant to the generation of promised outputs, permitting monitoring with suh a frequeny to extrat useful information for SOR projet interventions. To aomplish the first task above, SOR M&ES will use a finanial monitoring system linked to its physial progress monitoring system. For the other tasks, the physial progress monitoring system will generate information from the field level up-wards. See t Annex 8. t Physial progress monitoring system The physial progress is related to the performane of the ativities of the work plans. The physial progress monitoring will take plae at three levels in the SOR projet as follows. (1) Field level by Resoure user groups (2) Watershed level by SOR Watershed Offies (3) National level by olombo SOR offie t t 18

22 First level of the ativities is the group level whih needs speifi treatment in the SOR projet. For the generation of the promise outputs, it is the resoure user group(rug) that has to be identified, assisted to get organized and then strengthened. Thus the RUG forms the basi unit for ation at the field level. One identified and organized to undertake SOR initiated ativities, the RUGs themselves will start monitoring their own ativities. Watershed teams will have arrangements to ollet neessary items of this self monitoring information from the RUGs using a set of indiators that will reflet hange/progress of the ativities undertaken and the status of the group, at least one a month. The atalysts will make arrangements to help RUGs to organize this monitoring ativity using resoures from the groups. They will, together with other team members, verify the information periodially where neessary. This ativity will provide a soure of information for verifying the host ountry ontribution by the farmers onservation measures as well and forms part of the SOR watershed field level management information system(fms). Figure 5 A MNMUM SET OF NDATORS USED FOR DATA OLLETON FROM THE RESOURES USER GROUPS # of urrent members of the group # and quantity/extent of new prodution/protetion ativities undertaken during month/quarter ego length of ontour bunds established length of organi bunds established length of reservations planted with trees et. # of interations had with Government offiers on ativities # of members reeived training # of meetings held # and amount of grants/redit reeived Group investments by type of ativity Rates of survival of already undertaken ativities hange of status of the group The group level monitoring will inlude periodi RUG self assessment as part of the SOR partiipatory proess primarily for them to know about the urrent group status to predit the immediate future of their efforts with their own abilities and onstraints so that they an take orretive ation in time. 19

23 At the seond level of monitoring, watershed team will have arrangements to ollet information on the implementation of their ativities in the watershed. Monitoring at this level will be on the detailed ativity plans prepared by the watershed teams. The work plans produe planned outputs against eah ativity indiated as an ahievable target during a speifi time frame not exeeding two years in the first phase. Based on these ativities a set of indiators were developed identifying the unit of measure, instruments, method and the person responsible for data olletion and measurement. A set of seleted indiators appear on annex 5. Baseline data will be olleted to failitate ongoing and end of projet evaluation. A framework for the olletion of baseline data has been prepared. Their will be an ongoing evaluation at the end of the first year using seleted number of indiators and an end of first phase evaluation that will help assess the trends set in the major area of intervention by the projet. n order to reeive, entry and store data at the watershed offie 5 databases are reated. At present 5 suh databases are maintained as follows. Figure 6 DATA BASES FOR WATERSHED MANAGEMENT NFORMA non SYSTEM Name of the database 1. Group database Number of data fields 66 Purpose To store data on resoure user groups, their hanging status and ativities., 2. Train database 3. Host database 4. Wmarket database 5. Grant database To store data on training To store data on host ountry ontribution To store data on pries at weekly markets To store data on user grants 20 41

24 The watershed offies will report the physial progress of ativities using data from their detailed ativity plans and these data bases monthly. A quarterly report will be prepared by the SOR olombo Offie and submitted to the National Steering ommittee, lm Headquarters and USAD. The format of the report and its summery appears on annex 2 and 3. FNANAL MONTORNG SYSTEM The finanial Monitoring System (FMS) will ategorize and aggregate all SOR projet expenditure into 10 items, and 12 major interventions. Two of those interventions are administration and researh that are relevant to all the three ost entres viz. (1) olombo Offie (2) Huruluwewa watershed and (3) Nilwala watershed. The balane 9 interventions are relevant to ativities arried out by the teams of the two pilot watersheds. The 10 items of expenditure ategories (general ledger lassifiation) and the 12 major interventions appear on figure 7 and 8. Figure 7. LASSFATON OF EXPENDTURE ATEGORY ODE 1. Staff Salaries nternational Loal 2. onsultants. nternational Loal 3. Travel and Per-diem nternational Loal 4. Worlshops and training nternational Loal 5. Operation and maintenane of vehiles and offie and researh supplies and servies 6. nformation, eduation and ommuniation material 7. Audit 8. ndiret ost/overheads 9. SUb-ontrats/grants 10. Vehiles, equipment and ommodities 21

25 Figure 8. LASSFATON BY MAJOR NTERVENTONS ATEGORY ODE Stabilization of hena and enroahed state lands Regeneration of tank eo-system ntegrated water management Sharing resoures for improving homestead Ground water development and management Land onsolidation in minor tanks ntegrated planning and oordination Organization of user groups for prodution related servies Shared management of Land and water resoues mproving tea paddy ulture Researh Administration The expenditure under the items 1 to 11 under major interventions will be further lassified by loation by miro watersheds within the two pilot watersheds. This information will be displayed using SOR GS (Geographi information system). As its output finanial monitoring system will produe information on the use of fmanial inputs in respet of the above ategories and present them in a bimonthly, monthly and quarterly reports to the SOR olombo ore group, provinial and national steering ommittees, 11M! headquarters and USAD as required. The bi-monthly finanial report will be an internal finanial monitoring report presented to the olombo ore group for finanial ontrol ompiled from the reports submitted by the two watersheds. 22

26 The format for the bi-monthly finanial report appears on figure 9. The format for the flash report on ommitted expenditure by the watershed appears on figure 10. The GS system will produe themati maps for all the sub-watersheds showing relevant harateristis for analysis. These maps will be linked with a data base by a loation ode system that would failitate the use of maps for showing monitoring results in their spatial dimension. Figure 11 lists the sub-loations by whih information will be presented and displayed. Figure 9. B-MONTHLY EXPENDTURE STATEMENT...WATERSHED REPORTNG PEROD FROM...TO.... ODE DESRPTON OF EXPENDTURE AMOUNT Rs House rent (a) (b) () (d) (e) Offies aretakers wages House repairs and maintenane Vehile hire harges (a) (b) () (d) Vehile repairs and maintenane Fuel Hired vehiles Motor yles Driver overtime 8. Offie operations 23

27 9. Guest house 6639 aretakers salary & allowanes 6670 Maintenane Staff travelling and subsistene Training Loal onsultany fees 13. Salaries and Benefits Resoures persons perdiem 15. ontingenies Equipment User sub-grants and sub-ontrats Figure 10. DESRPTON Figure 11. MONTHLY OMMTTED EXPENDTURE BUDGET PER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARH TOTAL MONTH LASSFATON BY LOATON LOATON HUBULUWEWA Meegaswewa sub-watershed Mahadivulwewa sub-watershed Kivulekadawewa sub-watershed Drainage area of Huruluwewa irrigation system up to llukwewa aniut Huruluwewa ommand area Trat 6 of Huruluwewa ommand inluding homesteads Mahaweli feeder anal from Lenadora to Habarana,UPPER-NLWALA Millewa Aninkanda Diyadawa-Tenipita Horagala 24 ODE ( e : : : :

28 6. PROPOSED RESEARH STUDES UNDER SOR 6.1 Water balane nadequay of water for agriultural prodution is the typial problem in the dry zone, partiularly in Huruluwewa watershed. n Huruluwewa, the situation is further aggravated by the fat that a large quantity of water diverted from the Mahaweli network to the tank is tapped legally and illegally en-route of its feeder anal. As a result, the farmers are deprived of systemati ultivation of rops. t is likely that the tank supplies an be augmented with water diversions from elsewhere, as well as with shallow ground water supply. The ground water potential and its reharge-depletion relationships will be assessed by the ground water management omponent of the work plan. Thus, a surfae water balane study of the Huruluwewa watershed will be required initially to assess the water supply potential and present demand with a view to understanding how best the available water resoures an be utilized for improved agriultural prodution. 6.2 ntegrated watershed water management Water is the limiting fator inhibiting agriultural prodution in the dry zone. However, the water sarity has beome aute due to the absene of an integrated approah for development and management of the available water resoures within a watershed unit. t is believed that the produtivity of the available water an be greatly enhaned by managing the available water resoures, both surfae and ground water, in an integrated manner. n the Huruluwewa watershed, Huruluwewa tank is hydrologially interlinked with a number of minor tanks. At the same time, there are a large number of agro-wells present. A researh study is proposed to evaluate the available surfae water resoures in the watershed, inluding that of Huruluwewa and minor tanks as well as the ground water and to study various options for sharing surfae and ground water to maximize agriultural prodution within the watershed. The study will make land use reommendations for the watershed, develop a omputer operated model(s) whih an simulate different senarios of water availability in different loations of the watershed, water demand for alternative ropping patterns, and different options for alloating the available water for agriultural prodution. 6.3 Rio-diversity Huruluwewa is a dry zone area with an extreme water shortage during the a greater part of the year. Sine the main form of agriulture is hena farming, the remaining vegetation is burnt just before the rains. The pratie of burning deteriorates almost all 25

29 the living plants and animals and hene a threat on bio-diversity. However, there are pokets of vegetation whih oupy reserved areas where the natural vegetation is not subjet to degradation. t is proposed to ondut a researh study to determine the biodiversity of the eo-system and haraterize the usefulness of various vegetation types with a view to improve and sustain it in the long run. Being in the wet zone, the bio-diversity of the Nilwala watershed is expeted to be very high. t is proposed to undertake the same researh study in the Nilwala watershed too. 6.4 Desiltation of minor tanks There are about 200 minor tanks situated within the Huruluwewa watershed. Typial to many minor tanks of the ountry, almost all of these tanks are heavily silted up. The siltation has redued the effetive storage apaity of the tanks. The redued apaity of a tank results in quik flooding of downstream areas and redution of servieable ommand area of it. As a matter of poliy, desiltation of minor tanks is not formally undertaken by the national irrigation agenies. The poliy is driven by the ommon belief that desiltation of tanks would result in very low eonomi returns. The ost-benefit studies undertaken so far indiates poor returns when the benefits are evaluated onsidering only the inreased agriultural prodution potential attributable to additional tank storage reated by the volume of silt removed. However, it is required to re-examine this poliy on the basis of a detailed researh study, whih onsider a wider spetrum of feasible tehnologial options and diverse tehnial, soial, eonomi and environmental benefits attributable to minor tank desiltation in the dry zone. 6.5 Endemism The endemi flora and fauna found in the two watersheds have not been identified yet. How many of the endemi speies are endangered is also not known. Endemi and endangered speies need to be identified for protetion and other researh work. This should be given high priority sine the endangered speies in a drier area are highly vulnerable for extintion. t is proposed to undertake a researh study, on priority basis, to identify endemi and endangered speies of fauna and flora whih exist in the two watersheds and auses for the disappearane of the speies. The first step of the study : will be to identify, lassify and prepare a heklist of all flora and fauna speies found. The study will also identify, as muh as possible, all herbal and mediinal plants available in the watershed. 26 ~ t

30 6.6 Eonomis of ground water irrigation The use of ground water has emerged both as an alternative and a supplementary soure of irrigation in the dry zone. The groundwater extration through agro-wells is inreasingly beoming very popular in many water sare areas of the ountry, inluding the Huruluwewa watershed. Few studies so far onduted in relation to the groundwater use for agriulture indiate substantial improvements in prodution, profits and nutritional levels. However, there are indiations of adverse environmental effets attributable to over extration of groundwater through agro-wells. t is, therefore, suggested to evaluate the true benefits of groundwater use using eonomi analysis. 6.7 Feasibility and eonomis of miro irrigation ultivation of high value rops under irrigated onditions in homesteads and upper ommand areas is one of the strategies for improving the inome of rural people. This an be done with the use of miro-irrigation tehnologies suh as drip and sprinkler irrigation with the use of loally manufatured low-ost water pumps. However, our knowledge and understanding on the tehnial feasibility and eonomi, viability of those tehnologies are very limited. n Huruluwewa watershed, where surfae water is typially sare, shallow ground water may be used with ombination of pump and sprinkler or drip irrigation tehniques to irrigate highlands. n the Nilwala watershed too this option an be tested. n addition, it is found that tea, whih is the main rop, undergo severe moisture stress during February - Marh every year, resulting in plant ausalities and yield redution. t would be possible to provide supplementary irrigation to tea plants, using miro-sprinkler irrigation together with ram-pump tehnology. However, the tehnial feasibility and eonomi viability of these intervention need to be tested through an applied researh study. 6.8 Eo-tourism The potential for expansion of eo-tourism in the Huruluwewa watershed has not been examined in the past. The Ritigala in the adjoining watershed is full of monuments with arhaeologial importane. The flora and land sape there might attrat many a tourists having sientifi interests. The Kiulekada tank within Huruluwewa watershed is another attrative loation where various types of birds are found even in the dry season. The tank is deep with a large dead storage and hene bird and animal'life is very ative. The tank is surrounded by forest on many sides. Before promotion of eo-tourism in the area, it is neessary to identify the potential sites and the nature of attrations for the tourists. 27

31 Also, the potential for expansion of eo-tourism within the Nilwala watershed has not been examined. Suh expansion will result in sharing the resoure whih has a limited use at present as a plae of eo-tourist attration. This study will identify areas suitable for eo-tourism and thereby to develop a program to tap this potential. 6.9 Vegetation hange and rainfall The impat of vegetation on river flows and regimes has been well doumented. Whether the rainfall is influened by the loal vegetation is an area whih is not known yet. Evidene from elsewhere shows that the loal rainfall an be influened by the loal vegetation type and the extent. The evidene is reported in respet of dry areas. The study on the effets of vegetation hange on rainfall are also important for the SOR whih is planning to onvert leared areas into vegetation over. Huruluwewa itself is onsidered a water defiit system. Therefore, if there is any effet on re-vegetation on loal rainfall, it will be benefiial to the watershed. Re-vegetation takes time and it takes still more time to asertain any effets of vegetation hange on the rainfall. Therefore, this study may take several years. t will be onduted in both watersheds Soial onflits and strategies for resolution There are various types of onflits assoiated with land, water, forest and in the use of other resoures. The onflits between parties prevent the ultivation of land and planting and management of trees. n the watershed, several lots are not ultivated due to onflits and hene are left abandoned even when water is available for a rop. onflits assoiated with highland areas are another serious problem. n several instanes, onflits lead to quarrel and even may take the valuable human life. A great deal of farmers' and other resoures may have to be spent in resolving these onflits. The impat of soial onflits on the management of land and water resoures has not been assessed in the watershed. Suh an assessment would be the starting point for the development of an institutional mehanism to resolve them. n this regard, the indigenous onflit resolving mehanism should be highlighted. This study will examine the type and nature of onflits and their effets on the sustainable management of land and water resoures. Their effets on prodution and protetion will also be examined. Then the type of interventions that will be required to resolve the onflits will also be studied. The study will be undertaken in both watersheds. 28

32 6.11 Agri-business Like any other rural area, Huruluwewa watershed offers a large number of natural resoures whih are not utilized fully at present. This is true for the Nilwala watershed too. Many resoures suh as naturally grown (and no ontamination) fruits are wasted due to lak of opportunities for proessing and marketing. Meanwhile, lak of employment, and poor inome among the rural people are rampant. Thus, there exists a great potential for promoting business opportunities within agriultural setor for inome and employment generation. Development ofagri-business opportunities may also go hand-in-hand with the development of loal industries. t is, therefore, proposed a researh study be undertaken to: identify potential agri-business opportunities; assess resoure requirements; evaluate their inome generating potential et ndigenous knowledge and praties Huruluwewa watershed has a very long history dating bak to the pre-hristian era. Evidene suggests that over this long period of history, a wealth of indigenous knowledge and a vast number of praties have been adopted in aomplishing, tasks related to irrigated farming, rainfed farming (hena), pests and disease ontrol, soil fertility enrihment, rop-livestok integration, water onservation, forestry, health, food proessing, et. n addition, there had been a host of loal institutions and their relations whih ensured the proper funtioning of the tasks mentioned above. Over the years, a majority of indigenous praties and a greater part of the knowledge have been disappeared. The proposed researh study will aim at onsolidating the available indigenous knowledge and praties. This study will identify the type of knowledge and praties and attempt to doument the wealth of suh knowledge relating to agriulture inluding rop/stok health, irrigation, forestry and onflit resolution mehanisms. A long-term researh interest will be to adopt the indigenous knowledge and praties to examine whether they an be adopted with profits under present day farming onditions mproving the agriultural potential in lower Nilwala watershed Heavy flooding had been a serious problem in the lower Nilwala watershed in the past. The government implemented a flood protetion and ontrol projet, alled Nilwala Ganga Flood protetion and Drainage Sheme (NGFP&DS), to mitigate the threat of floods in the reent past. Although, the NGFPD&S has redued the threat from floods in the Lower Nilwala Watershed, it is reported that a set of adverse environmental problems have ropped up due to exess drainage. Development of aidity, alkalinity and iron toxiity in the Lower Watershed, partiularly in Kiralakale irrigation and 29

33 drainage sheme, are a few of those problems that affet agriultural prodution and produtivity. While proper surfae drainage is a pre-requisite for agriultural prodution, it is also required at the same time to prevent exess drainage in previously waterlogged areas to ontrol the development of aidity and toxiity. This means ground water table in the area has to be maintained within a speifi range of levels. The proposed study would evaluate the parameters for ground water table management and develop guidelines for.operating the drainage system for optimum agriultural prodution in the area mproving Agriultural Potential in oastal Low-lying areas Most of the agriultural lands along the oastal areas, partiularly in the Southern Provine, are typially low-lying. Thus the agriultural potential of those lands is limited. Suh water-logged areas in many parts of the world are suessfully ultivated with high value rops using ground water drainage tehniques. However, suh t tehnology is not used in Sri Lanka. : t would be useful to explore the possibility of applying ground water drainage tehniques to effet sub-soil drainage for improving agriultural potential of water-logged low-lying ~ alluvial lands of the ountry. A researh study is proposed to evaluate the hydrauli parameters required for ground water drainage design, and eonomies of various ground water drainage tehnologial options. This study will be omplementary to the researh study proposed under item 14 above. 6.1S onjuntive Use of Tank and Well Water Use of tank water in onjuntion of well water in irrigated ommand is one of the strategies to improve produtivity and ropping intensity of many minor and major tanks.. Although there has been inreasing reognition of the viability of the onjuntive use mode, it has hardly been implemented on a sientifi basis. An applied researh study is proposed to evaluate the behavior of water flow from irrigation anals to agro-wells; ways and means of aelerating or deelerating water seepage; response of ground water table to rainfall, seepage, evapotranspiration, ground water obstrution; different modes of system operation for onjuntive use; and related soial, eonomi and institutional issues Planning for onjuntive Use in rrigation Rehabilitation This is also a study omplementary to researh proposal No. (16) above. The idea is to develop a design methodology and a guideline for rehabilitating an irrigation sheme for 30.: S ~

34 onjuntive use of tank and well water, so that the methodology and guideline ould be adopted by the irrigation agenies for irrigation rehabilitation planning and design. The methodology and guideline ould be developed on the basis of lessons and experienes from an atual task of planning, designing and rehabilitating one or two irrigation tanks to failitate onjuntive use after rehabilitation. The proedure would involve field monitoring of some parameters suh as rainfall, reharge from rainfall and irrigation water, ground water potential and available yield, design well density, optimum servie area under an agro-well et. The guidelines ould be even further updated on the basis of the experienes of operating the sheme for onjuntive use after rehabilitation Evaluation of Alternative rrigation Rehabilitation and Modernization Strategies: Huge investments are being made for rehabilitation and modernization of irrigation projets. However, there is apparently no poliy for seleting tehnologial options in the rehabilitation and modernization of irrigation projets. A study is proposed to evaluate and ompare the ost-effetiveness, performane and,produtivity of various tehnologial options and different ombinations of eah of the options ~uh as automati water ontr91 devies; onjuntive use; anal lining. This an be onduted as an applied researh in a few minor tanks seleted for rehabilitation under the on-going National rrigation Rehabilitation Projet (NlRP) Reservoir Sedimentation Studies Redution of reservoir sedimentation is one of the major effets of watershed management. However, the data on the degree of siltation of major and minor tanks of the ountry are not available. On the other hand, the data on the relationships between land use, soil erosion, sediment transportation and reservoir sedimentation are not known. A researh study is proposed to study the siltation of a few seleted major and minor tanks with a view to establish national data on; tank siltation rates; river flow and sediment disharge relationships, effets of land use on soil erosion and reservoir silting; and problem of distribution of sediments within the tank beds. The study would be aimed at developing a methodology for monitoring sediment flows in rivers and sedimentation rate in the tanks and developing indiators for sediment flow Eenvironmental mpats of rrigation Although, there is mounting evidene of adverse environmental effets of poor irrigation praties, the sale of the problems are not known to any degree of auray. For instane, the extent of irrigated land that has beome unprodutive due to salinity development or loss of fertility or redution of the effetive storage apaity of tanks are 31

35 ~ ~ ~ ~.- ~ " ~ Ạ ~ ~ ~ not adequately known. A study overing several seleted irrigation shemes to assess the nature and sale of environmental problems is proposed with a view to establish the baseline status with respet to major environmental problems assoiated with irrigation Eonomis or Land and Water onservation Measures. t is well aepted that land and water onservation brings substantial returns in the long run. t is also aepted that land and water onservation not only improve in-situ land fertility and produtivity, but also generate substantial benefits to the users of land and water downstream of the watershed. However, the benefits and returns of land and water onservation are only qualitatively known, but not quantitatively. Availability of quantitative data base on osts and short-term and long-term benefits of land and water onservation is essential for a ountry like Sri Lanka for poliy planning, poliy formulation and poliy implementation in relation to land and water subsetors, both at the entre and the provine. Suh a data base will also be useful for the users of land and water resoures to selet and adopt various options for onservation. Applied researh will be undertakea to evaluate the eonomis of onservation. 32 ~ e

36 REFERENE M:ETRX FOR WJJOR SOR OUTPUTS AND WORKPLAN ATVTES \VOR:FLAN - HURULu\VE\VA \VATERSHED OUTPur ourput A.S PER TEHNAL REPORT \VORKP~_ NO ATVTY N~ lal la2 la3 b lb2 lb3 ldl le lfl 19l lhl 2bl 2b2 2l Fo:r::.m;; ex22.:ding a:.~ trengthening Resoure user groups User organizations Sub-User ounils Trainin;; representatives of user groups user organizations user sub-ounils Small grants to user groups to invest in ommon group assests New ommerial opportunities for user groups Prodution ompanies linked to new markets Rural based ommerial ativities with mathing grants User organizations onferred with legal status and power Land leases/usufrut proesses leading to prodution ompanies ommerial ativities Demonstration of benefits of jioint management in small tanks 8 8,3a 8 la2, 2 2,22.3, 2a4 la2 2,4 4f,4g 8 4a,4b,4,4d,4e 3a,3 8 3 e Minimum of 3000 ha under joint management lb, l, 2b~ 2d,3, 3d,4e 5 3al 3bl 3b2 3b3 3l 3dl 4al 4bl 4dl 4el mproved systems of resoure use and user operations monitoring Offiers trained in loal level planning group formation and support at nationalevel at provinial level at divisional level Training on partiipatory natural resoure management to NGOs and private setor organizations NGOs and private setor organizations providing tehnial managerial and ommerial information to user groups mproved methods developed for multi-level planning and oordination in pilot watershheds Groups/organizations support and promote planning and oordination in pilot watersheds mproved land and water resoures information and monitoring system designed nstitutional mehanism to oordinate and support land and water management praties made operational at provinial and national levels Note: The ativities of the work plan are ordered aording to the major interventions. The above metrix links ativities to the SOR promised outputs appearing on pages of the tehnial report. lal lal lal la2 la bl 7 33

37 W..uOR NTBRVBNTlON (1 ) STABLSAnON OP iena AND ENROAHED S'ATE LANDS, (a) onllervalion farm in, Awareneu ProSramme Trainln, Of omun/ Ullen DemOilralioni Woruhope Viaita lpield Da,. Shool Prosramme8 (b) Slibiliution o( hen.. SOR PROJET - HURULUWEWA WORK PLAN (NOVEMBER 1993 TO SEPTEMBER 1995) OUTPUT LOATON 1"311". MAliA ' AOENY YALA MAliA YALA RESPONSBLE Omun-125 K.J, M.W D.W. E.W DOA.DAS.PD Parmen T/6. MOW. MRW. SO SOR Team. DS o. MD. MW. EH. HS Onlu!Unta MD, ED Parmen 1000 SLN. A Awarene.. realed Dmon, ahool hildren All Shoob n he Walenbed 20 Ha. from eah Uller Oroupe (2000 ha.) 50 ha. 500 ha ha 300 ha. OoA. OS. DOA. MD. PD, PL. SOR. NOOO () onllrvalion ol hannell, Roeda, Slream. and Tank Bllnda. hannell Roull Slreaml TDDk Bundl (2) REO ENE RATE TANK EO-SYSTEM 3Ok.m 1.5k.m 25 k.m. 0.5 k.m Part or LB and RB- Huruluwewa and Peeder hannal 01 Un OHm lhm km O.A.iD.MD.PD. SOR. NOOO. USER OROUPS Some dialanu whhin he Walenhead 01 Un 02 km 12 km OA. OS. PS. USER OROUPS Some Dialanu o( Yan 0)'1 01 Un 05 km 14Km - OA. OS. USER OROUPS,SOR. id.pd.md Huruluwewa. Mahadivulwewa and.ome.mall Tanb n ommand Area Km - D.DAS. NOOO (a) Awarene.. Pro,ramme Demonllralion Ellabliahed Trainin, (OmunlU.en) Shool Prosramme 1 Demonllralion omun 30 Parmen 1000 Shoob - 22 Sludenta Huruluwewa Kiulebdawewl M. hadivulwewd Mee,.wewa Hiriwadunna Wewti Tbalko!e Wewa Maha Rambawa Wewl Shoob Sludenli 01 S.OA. ALO. OS. USER o ROUP.POO.DAS.PD.D L, DOA.lRDP.DE.PH NOOO Viai'" Pield Da,. P.rmen (b) on.ervllion of hen.. n alhmenta 320 ha Huruluwewa 200 h Kiule bdawewa 25 ha M ahadivulwewa 2Ha Mee,.wewa 2Ha Hiriwadunna Wewa 2Ha Tbalkole Wewa 30 ha Mlhl Rimbewlwewl ;

38 11195 VAJ.A SOR.MD.S,MEA SOR.MD.D,PO,PM PlJle - 2 oold"m MAJOR NTERVENTON OUTPUT LOATON 19U/ltl4 VAl{A t'4 YALA 1'4/11S VAHA (e) Eatablilhmeal 01 NlUlarie. NW'rie. ulablililed eaellloatioll& (Total3S NlUlarie,) lolee,_wewa Mahadivulwewa (d) Raloradoo of Gu,ommaaa Perahaaa!.auaUlllwa 30 ha E.o ')'tem - 02 Tub 02 OS 15 (3) NTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT (a) Pormatioa 01 Parmer Or,aailatiOll& {rom Leaadora 10 11iltwewa uader -Aaew:y SUea,lilenia, 01 eul, or,aaiutiou MD - 23 DAS - 26 New or,aaiutioll& - 10 (1) Leaadora 10 Sliiriya (2) Si,iriya. Taltole. Hiriwadllwa Miriwaduaaawewa.. Habaraaa Taat (3)Prom Habaraaa 10 ReMrvoir (4)l.eaervoir lollll&wwa (b) Peeder haaael laelu5ioa or Hurllluwewa Offiiaa ia Mahaweli Waler Panael Releate 01 run quola ahlired (150 ellmt) 100'.110 Proper Operatioo aad Malllleaaae ollhe haallel (a> Haadaver &he lull ')'lem Huuluwawe (E.x:epl lal Smilu) (b) Tum Over &he haaael S)'lem 10 Parmer Orlaai,atioo aad Mailllaia &he hanaelill orrei profile. Leaadora 10 Si,iriya Taat 7S'.o 25'.110 oordillatioo amoo, P.OO. ill &he S)'tem SiPply 01!O emt 10 Huruluwewa _ured Leaadora 10 H uruluwewa Taat 100'.110 Ealablithmeal or appropriate "oppial ')'teml. Appropriate "oppia, ')'tem, OS ha _ablililed Lenadora 10 Huruluwewa Taak SO'.llo SO'.llo (e) ommaad Area rop diveniflalioo durin, Maha aad Yala Yala ha Maha ha Huruluwewa. K.lulekada. Mahadivulwewa. Maha - Rambewa. Mee,_wewa AOENY ltrspons[b.r S-NP.P. DAS(P).MD.SORJD.NP. P SOR.MD.D,PO.WEA SOR.DOA,DAs.DSJMD.D D5,DOA,DAs,D,ADA,PO. MD,SOR

39 1995 YALA DAS AOENY SOK.MD.1D,PO 1MD.D. DAS,DS,S OS.DS,SOK, DOA. DAS, 1MD.t LD SOR, DOA.MD.PD v ~ MAJOK NTRKVENTON OUTPUT LOATON 1"31199' ~~~~~~MAUA Vil-larm water Managemelll /95 YALA MAliA RESPONSBLE onjuru:tive Use of Water (Agro-weill.) Olljutive U tested ill tral6 EffiielltllU oflriaatioll Water. DS.DJMD.seOR.PO, DOA. Timely ultivation rnlalion Sheadulinl Ollllllene Yala before mid April (New year) and Maha wilh fk'1 rai. ommeninl from Olober onwards. A report Operalion and mainlenane of the ly'll4 dentify.t retify O.tM problem, in tral 6 hroulh U partiipation. 75% 25% Effiient System Manalement oordination with the ativiti. of'malltanb withillthe Huruluwewa Sheme One,ub-ouDilformed Kannimadu wa. hajalamewewa. inludinl repr.entalive. Dutuwewa, Oatalawa, Kokawewa, of,malllanb in Palulollalama, Huruluwewa. Maradankadallawewa, Jayanthiwewa, 1ubbodayalamawewa and 1ahhankulama. 10% (d) Drainale Ana Utilisation of drainale Waler of Huruluwewa Drainaae water utiliz.ation improved in 300 ha. Prom Nikawewa Aniut 10 llultwewa 60 Aniut SO 90 On-farm Water Manalement Establishment of appropriate roppinl patterna roppinl 'ysleml inlrodued in 300 ha o drainale area (4) SHARNO KESOURES PORMPKOVNO HOMESTEAD (a) ElLablah hree ommereliud Prodution orequired Two nururie. in Huruluwewa. plant nururlej,eedlin" allured ommand area and one in feeder 3nunane' hannel (Prulli. Pore'li and Olidadia Seedlinp) (b) Establah ModelHom.tealk () ExpallJlion o Homestead due to spread effeli 28 model Hom.tealk KK.NW,OW,EW.T6. MDW. MRW.SP. 4 ~2 -model HOllle,teads MD, MW, E-H,H-S1, S2-LM. A rom eah loalioll) additional home,leads elllerged u mode. 250 house holds benefitted DS. seor. DOA.1MD (d) Livestok mprovement of Milk Prodution 500 heads ofallie KK.NW,OW,EW,T/6, MDW, MKW.SP $ 250 SOR, DMH, DS, NEST..E Heads households benefilted Proeaainl of milk and Esl.ilblish markel linl;s Promotion o 10A1 rearinl 2 proullinl unili KK.NW,OW,EW,T/6. MDW. MRW,SP $ arm amm. benefilled Lli Lli Lli Lli 150 heads of Gai Huruluwewa ommand area SOR, DMH, DS, NEST..E seor. DMH, DS, NEST..E

40 75 AOBNY RBSPONSBLB SOR.DOA.FD DOA. SOR. DS,MD too SOR. DOA. DRD. DS1. MP.DB SOR. ADA. L,DS,D SOR.MD.D. BANKS, ADA SOR. DAS, DS. SVD -, MAJOR. NTBR.VBNnON OUTPUT LOATON,,,. ",.,,, :1JU/"'. "" MARA YALA VAHA YALA (e) PromouOll of apiuhure aael Meeliiaal herbs nlrolution of 300 KK. A.MD.MRW bee oloniea 25 :zoo Meeliillal herba - S ha. OS to AD (f) Ealablillunelll of Fruil villapl (,) PromotiOll of Alro-baMei ineluwa 2 villap' (too ha) A.MD.SD.KK inre_ inome for KK.NW. GW.EW. T'6.MDW. MRW. 2S0 farm familia A SO too too (S) GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT (a) ReM arh 011,rounel waler Grounel Waler P'l'lllial Fuier anal,hw athmelll, ommallel ReMarh finelin,1 will be oul a_lee allel Hi,hlaael anel Drailla. before Au,U 'N aad reommellelauoll 011 reommenelauolll will be,roulld waler UH maele. mplemeilled from Maha!l49S, SOR A M AND 1D A report (b) MOilorill& MOilitorill, S)'lem eltablahed A report Feeier anal.hw alhmenl, ommallei Hi,hland and Drailla. Before ommellilll of Vala 9. () Providln, Deeuary MMee S UHr,rou~ providina Fuier anal HW athment, ommand 25" to" 6S" ilrou,h UHr,rou~ MMee. Hi,hlaad and Drailla. (6) LAND ONSOUDA1l0NN MNOR TANl< nrum Lalld UM e{flielly A 1nre_ roppilll illlellaity, MD. iunni- Maduwa. Mee,Mwewa, Thelhawadiyawewa allel 2 NlRP Tania. 3S Pormation of uer,rou~ 15 UHr,rou~ formeel 15 lnnitiale land OllaolidaliOil onlolidatioll of ownerahlp S lallb tlaat S t onld'd'

41 .. < :< "",..! ~~----g ~ a. ~ " 10 -g U.. ~ ~ ") g... ~~ ''::.. 0.~ : g 0 Z z < Z 0 0 '8,.; 'l$ Z 3 ) g J, ~ ~ ~ :!,-~ Z z -:; ~ ~.;~ '= :1 Z ;;; a,.: ~.; ~.. Q, 10 Oil ~ > < -Z 'S'... :;;.-.. ~ ị. :1=.ll.. ::.!! "'0.. a. -3~.~ e : 15 Q~... :t ~ J,.... :'''0 ~...,g 8.3 g~ ~<.ll i.!..!! -:;-;- ":; j 10- ';a s.. a ~.-.. _'" a i i: Or:(.ll!: :; :~.g '"Q #~ Q '" : ) ~ :::: ).. :( a a:::.. ~g g ~ ~:~.. 0 ~.~ up:q u~,..q, :l _u P: P: ~,..a ~ N t:.....

42 A...riall...: SWS Sub - Walerabeda DAS Departmeat or Alr.riaa Servie. hier Seaelary KK J.ivu1e04, RUO Reaourea ller,roup DS Divilioaal Serelary L Laad ommiaaloaer WW Wee,..wewa RUO Reaollre ller or,.aluuoll ON Orama Nildb.ri D Diretor. rri&alioa DW Dutllwew. NS N.loaal Sleeria, ommlltee PD Poreat Departmeal WEA Nabaweli Eoaomk Aleaq W Ullkwewa PS Provilliailleeria, :ommiltee PAD ProviaU Alrkultural department PN Projel Nana,_eal _mu.. T16 Trat 6 WRNT WaleBud RelOlire Nanl,emenl Team DOA Department ofalrkulllje PO Parmer Or,laiuliOll WDW Wabadlvulwewa P Peadethl)'a Sabb, ND rri,adoil mana,emeal DM.Oll LD Lad ommiaaioaera Departmenl WRW Wa.arambew. wewa NOO Non-OoveramealalOr,aaiuliOil ED Edllalion Department DAPH Dupnmeat ofaaimal Pr04utiOll aadiw HiriwadllAAt wewa NPS Nli-porpoM ooper.u... Soeiety P Proviaial Land ommuioaer Dst Depanmenl of Sm.U iadllllriea TW T.llr.oe we'lli' BO _muaity Baaed Or,anlulOil ALO As.ommiaaiooer. Loul Oovernment ADA Alrilillural ee...lopmeat Alllllority lrdp nte,rated Rural Developmeal Projet DB adllllri.1 De... lopmenl Board v lrsearh ATVTES OUTPUT LOATON 1993/ $ AGENY 19" MAHA YALA MAHA YALA DJllltl>nllolllt'BLB.P-- (9) RESEAROl WTH NO NTERVENTON AreaaldealifJed lor Wilma Huruluwewa Walerahed Prom January 1994 UplO Seplember UN( ReMardl S.a, future Projeli 199$ SOR Team, Other Waler bal_ ReMar:ll. ANial Pl.aaeB 10 Or,aainliOlll. Biodi...mty lormul.1e polii. End_iam ialormauolly'lem ealabl.hed Herba.t. mediiaal plaala Eonomio of irrit.lion EoTouriam Ve,elalion :.aa,e and raiarall Su,...)' Waler o_rv.lion Land leaure.t. oafiila Alro iadualriea ladea_oua bowled,e nuduilv.t. DTili:es

43 [ REFERENE METRX FOR MAJOR SOOR OUTPUTS AND WORKPLAN ATVTES WORKPLAN - NLWALA WATERSHED OUfPUT OUfPUf AS PER TEHNAL REPORT WORK PAN NO AfVTY NO. 1a Forming expanding and strengthening Resoure user groups , , , , , , , ,2.3.6, a2 User organizations , 4.3, 1,.3.5 1a3 Sub-User ounils b 1 Training representatives of user groups , , 1.4.5, 2.1.6, , ,3.2.7 lb2 user organiza tions 4.5 1b3 user sub-ounils 4.5 1d1 Small grants to user groups to invest in ommon group assests 1.5.3, 2.3.8,2.3.9, 4.6 le New ommerial opportunities for user groups , 2.1.7, 2.2.1, 2,3, 3.1.3, 3.2.6,4.10 lfl Prodution ompanies linked to new markets l Rural based ommerial ativities with mathing grants 1.3.3, 2.2.3, 2.1.1, ,4.7 lhl User organizations onferred with legal status and power 4.3,4.7 2b1 Land leaseslusufrut proesses leading to prodution ompanies 1.3.8,2.3,4.11 2b2 ommerial ativities , , , 1.3.7, l Demonstration of benefits of jioint management in small tanks , , Minimum of 3000 ha under joint management , 1.3.1, 1.3.4, , , a1 mproved systems of resoure use and user operations monitoring 5 3b1 Offiers trained in loal level planning group formation and support 3l at national, provmial and divisional level 5.4,5.5 Training on partiipatory natural resoure management to 3dl NGOs and private setor organizations 5.4 NGOs and private setor organizations providing tehnial managerial and ommerial information to user groups a 1 mproved methods developed for multi -level planning and oordination in pilot watershheds 5 4b 1 Groups/organizations support and promote planning and 4dl oordination in pilot watersheds 5 mproved land and water resoures information and monitoring 4el system designed nstitutional mehanism to oordinate and support land and water 5 management praties made operational at provinial and national levels 5 Note: The ativities of the work plan are ordered aording to the major interventions. The above metrix links ativities to the SOR promised outputs appearing on, pages of the tehnial report. 34

44 SORPROJET - UPPER NLWALA WATERSHED WORKPLAN FOR OTOBER, SEPTEMBER, TBBMBS AND MAJOR ATVTY ARBAS '1il'.MB: SHAR.BD MANAOEMENT OF LAND i. WATBRRESOURES -- OUTPUT LOA110N 9l..!14 11MB SHBDULB RBSPONSWLlTY " 1 Z Z.3 LNE AOBNY SOO.R l.l,no--- Vw...nobLo De,odood Por..&(FO",,"t Dept.) sutbiish perdgul lad.-- lsufruaoary n,hll SFMD,P KSB 1.1.L1 3sutbiish riabll b limited _ of eooroobed forests deulify prlllleut 1'00... in dapdt.d 'orea,00 _8 number of people imoovt.d sutblisb foralllapmenl by the st.to with... lroupl1loraallizatiowl Vtfruk ri3ht PAled lor; Anoinbnda _ ba Anoinboda Diy.dawa &lls ba K&luaalaben., Koapoi. (N) Mill. Ela l00ba Pahala Millwa, MoriwaD HOf'AlluW b. Uda HoRjllla llp for eod....t 1:500 All... Por400b. 2~ 2$ 50 2$ 2$ 50 2$ 2$ 50 2$ 2$ 50 PO KSB 100% PDiLUPPD KSB{AW --f % PO VKN ntrodu41 Agro - forury dmtify!o<..tio... for iorvonlioql! Desi3u pooaible oroppin& syrtellla for bove ar Raiae planta Aaro forestry syst... introdued.~oltl_ in.oha A doull1e1ll sbowin. mlions.nd P...b"". A dooumeat dasribing 1M """""," S.b'l"e.00 projxl8t.d orolldina rvstell1 50,000 p.nll ~mti_ PO KSB.0 PDlPAD ----~ PDlPAD KSB 12$00 12$00 12$00 12$00 PO ~ sutblish _rjlfoups 4 Veer lrdups fonnt.d Ooeper81\tl8 2 2 PO KS--L - 1.l.U Tr.woo&y Tnolllfer u.erlr~ - Dell1olllltrltno 1i0li Eaba_ Mtenbrd prole<llioo byprovidina produolioli iooontivl lor aettios-l(llwpi'ollina indlllllrillll baaed on DOn wood forest prodnota (Kitu, Balllboo, berbll medi::in., bee bogey) 80 _0 tnoint.d 4 Dell101l11italio.. Ooepermwa " 80 PO KSB PO KSB "-"pdsbibililillll for DOl-wood forest produts utiliuotion A doouteat dasribing pntonliol.oo possbiliti.. 100% PO KSB ootd,.

45 For..tioG of _,OUp' ~r (.) KitW lnuiay 1 KitW prou.e 81'00" for..ed Mua--llo 1 1 PODS(P). WX - hroullf PAD Beral'pa_hr PDDS(P). W{ - 3NOUlf PAD Hora.,. (l) FDJDS(K). DW 1"""'1) 1 PAD liil ,..1f" DW (b) PinusT.i'Pa3 2Pious ppine srou.. ~rmed Aonlnbada, Hia...tta - l.,..up 1 PO WX >evelop M:ila to._.e ino..e!hr. 120 Ullellilnined Above oaotiioallld p'lifj tn~ in 20 <10 <10 20 POtDS KN1 O-wood forest produete wbie -wta!he forests form.1 e... of~ del)lrtmellia Eillbiih fl8itiu or ptoduuioa. pro<loin" 2oeirlllllllll.liiah6d liil... aod AmUnbada 1 1 ldb,l KNJ paflma aod..ublida or!he.bove produete -oegm dentify de8l'tded.reu lor inlerveatiog Depded.rea. (400 ha)ideatilied Aninb",". Dothalll.,a barj., Diyada LUPPD AW/NB aod report with... prepared ~Dl8t1e.l4il"" S" Xambokb... y...nbarj. Mor1Jl.1 Ula Bar'll Es.tbliih pot~ _UW: Pr~ve.. illltlbiihed loobaper_ RWl1HDA(M) WKJDW Orp2i~tem_ in400ba Otaa.,..up ill eadi _ :so :so PDlAP.tH SALT lehaiqu-. PAD (oddk plalltinj olilerraed ed... 1.Z.1.3 dolllifvlform """'1)1 10 user grou.. formed.bove io!:aliollll 4 ) WKJDW Esllbiih de.._li o...atioo firmin, Udell_i WlaEJ. ) ) RWSHDA(M) DW 5-AmUnbada PDlAP.tH 2 - Tenipita PAD ~Ml'». Od.. THBMBS AND MAJOR AnVTY AREAS OUTPUT LOATON " P,. -2 TMB SBDULB ~SlBLTY M 9$.. 1 Z ] LJNB AUBHY SOOR Eillbiih n,hl» to ooet wood for..produet& Righli for three p'oduia at.biobed 3 PODS(K.P.N) SB Diyola... - l.-rolll) 1 PO WX 1.Z De~ed Oher St... For..(Di~oual Serellry) Promo(e _VDuiannm, in eulliwled.reu

46 1.3 Establishmelll 01..,.d_ 4ioa1tiOllll (19.0 an) ideotified, ANlNKANDA WWS 100% DS(N)'DS(K) DW/WK dt..1ify o:.tio. for ia"".,.,tiola r"porb pn:pared with...pi Strom ori,sioalid& from Dob...,.,J. Kond. DS(P)GNsRUo. in ltrum r... rv.tioll8 le'din& to ThitiwallP3* - 10 an. ('Wal) LiyalllS" Dola an. l.l.2 ll... euina MOO. voustaty ors.llizatio. 4 MOOiatvolvul ~eioaltiollll 2 2 DSsON~UOs DW/WK or est.bish.arden& llj._ Prooure lit.bk pj,nl8 thrvu~ MOOs. Nursery pllnlnrnn.-d Above o..tioaa NOO l)wjk_.m Establisb *..11 pm.,., dellonlllrations 61100els _blished Above looatiolls 3 3 DkiGNa ----~ 1.3.$ Establish user P'OUPS 6/P'OUps _ blished Above ioatiollll J 3 X::AS WK r Establish user 8/'OUpo Stroll pldea..odes uteal6d to Above ioatioaa 3 4 $ 7 Noo..RUO DW/WK over 19 lans f!..mlllliol 01 D><o...,.rdens by d. Usufrut riahtll _ bisbed for Above ioatloaa 50'11> 50'11> L/PL{SP) VXN MOO involvinjluser lfoupo 19.0 b e1llh Establish usufr..e...y risd lhrousjl formala/p'"lolllleotered... th Above lo..tiol 6 PL(SP)'DS1/RUo. DW/WK fom.j't'meolb 6 user UOUl6 1.4 a"""8"lali.ag roid rlomlioaa ldallify o:.tio.. for ialn'/toltiolla LooatiOllll for w_tio.. Koluwo,.ba x..,,- - Tbaoipila ROid 2.S Km 100. DFO(SP) DW ill road r... m tiol id.,.,t.ified 11.$ an. Dd p pn:pored Tbalpsllboda - Bn.J,pollllhara ro.d - 6 an OW/PROV. RDA Mill... Delli... "*' -3 an 100. PD/AP.tH. Morawab - Ml.W road (lbala PO1iool3 km bpk Establish ~ for.value piau, 8 user P'OUpi formed Above ioatilllll2 P'OUpilll GM/PROV.RDA DW/WK - Dd uisin8 p.dt SUl'lllerios Ox.in..r... or.. loal.utboritiea ae.l'looe obtained (leuer) ~.looatiol 100. Pr. Stbba TKW for WlervOotiOll oatd. p... - '111m SHBDULB JlBSPONSBLTY '1B1mS AND KAOR. A'1VlTY ARHAS 01T11'tT LOA'10N 93 t :z. 3.. :z. 1 LNB AGENY SOOR 1.2.U Establish.,.-0_1111 with &!lie.nd user J'oups: Umfrut riahtsipe:mitll8llted.bove J_iOllll =~) VXN (penuwul'nr.t) for 4OOba. PS DiYADAWA/1RANPTA 100. 'lirum1l doll. MlJ8UDu"ue an MLLAELA MWS 100. su..lm ori,sioalid& from Ys..asboda. KollbokkaWlleodinA to Mi Ela an.

47 .U Am. J'.n~ of llfru<: rishlll UR'rld ~a pdled 10 A..bove PraSa"'" 1XW (douatem) 1.5 Mini-hydro ~._niolllhrwsh shored 10 KW """,or senu.led throuhsshored...1l_ulla BliP NF/DW upilll inveat.u...1 inve&l.llleni Kin_dola 00, Xollpoia Anninboa. 10 "'" Feosibaity totudy F..sibility r~ produood 1009& rroo NF/DW Forll _ or»aiz.1iona 2 lor ofjlllnizatiolll "rated 1 1 DW l.5.3 Arnnse support Gnola a... rded and m.e1'dl18lpport 1009& NF/DW rranged. 1.~;'4 P1lnt oonstruotioo P1lol buill 10% 9091> NF/DW issiod projet 10 "'" eledriitv lt'd"uled 1009& NF/DW donlil'y Po.till hollesteads for i~ P,*nti,1 holll...ds (12.5 Nos.) ANNKANDAWWS alord oriented poduaioo be... identified,nd Thalopallbnda villa, N PDr'AOR WK report ptt,p,ndialludiosl'p Bollashobeu - 20 No r.jod. Liyal& ON Wed. P... - 'llkb SBBDULB RBSPONSBUTY 'llbwls AND KAlOR ATVTY AREAS OUTPUT LOA'llOH 93,. l5 1 Z 3 LJNB AOBHY SOOR " 1 2 3,.. ",.. l4.4 Am. for Paatias 1.lwills O,XXl pilills and JfUB uttm,. niled. ltb.bove.!ooo.!ooo P APtH TKW Amllllt'muu _V mined lld a report prepo red Asabw PDr'APtH 1XW 2.0 ~lo - SharinS R_WM for mprdyins Homoateada DYADAWA 1l!NPTA WS Tanipiu - "NO. 4 do do KlilaalolMo. -ln.. 3 do do Bo.ndun - 'NO. 5 do do OkwDbun - 3No.. 3 do do do WLLABAWWS Pos-il. 10NO. 10 do do Mill,... West 20 No.. do do -!h.1a w:rn ONoa 30 do do Studieo,illled.1 hollll8lead "losellent M.an.,.llent prvli... identified Aboue olions PAD KNJ prolllolllol1yoil (~112.5 No.. HODOeads).nd report_red

48 Pille -, TMB SBBDULB R1!&PONSBJUTY THBMBS AND MAJOR A''.MTY AU!AS OUTPUT LOATON 113,. 11$ ) LNH AOBNY SOOR 2,1.4 Forllli lion of uaor.rroupil ror holllestead ~loplllelll 10RVOs fol'llled Above oatioos.. l 3 OAS DW/WK Bslabtish..odel holl1~'od d tions.. DelOllsinlio1ll eslablidled lad Oneper..oh_ PAD DW/WK report pre pored 1l.6 Aerugo mining 12$ users trained Abovolo",!iOtlll PAD DW/WK F.ditale prowe..eot of pllnlin8 l.terials Pllnting l.leriala required for Above loalioaa PAD/RUo. DW/WK 12$ ho..este.ds rtlnjled Bee bopr trainina 40 users trained Above loations PAD/RUOS DW/WK Pr...reri.1s for beeleeping 1 Be. box 118D11laturioa worbhop To be identified.ler 1 PAD KNJ "".blisbed Promotioin of Apiulture 2.Ul ldeotjfy Poleotialloaliolll.nd ioteresu.t Wi'.rS Poitulilllo:alioWi ideotified Auia.JUlaSWS PAD KNJ (9lo.lioll8) - Wijl.vaPlml - 01 No. 1 - Benlspanotara - 01 No. 1 Diyad... - Toaipiu SWS - BodoatiY 01 No. 1 PAD KNJ - Tenipita 01 No. 1 - BltudW"l - 01 No. 1 -~ -, Reooallnowlappropnate farming &ym1l8 Report ~binllappropriale Above loatioill ~ ~ PAD KNJ for4lin,q S','8teons llprow produtwu base throup promotion of Apiulture. AGriulture. LiWOlllok huob.ndry. Hortiulture &. Mediin.1 horbo ldeotify poteotialloaliolll 80 Bee oloni... <&i.blisbed in BerallponothaflJKaluWlaabab_ PAD/RUOS DW/WK 35 - Vpper Mi.W 10 - DlYadawa --- ~. 2.2.t2 Bslablisb reaourot. us., AfOU for Bee b.!>in... RUOs fonned dentify potentialloaliolll 40 poteotiallo:alions ideolified (80 olonies) nd report prepared.s.bowe One RVGper r-.!!! _ PAD/RUOS DW/WK 1..-! --r-- pw/wk W: onld... PAD KNJ - hhala Mllla No. 1 - PoaalWila - 01 No. 1 - ball Mill Nos. 2,

49 P TKB HBDULB R.1!SPONSBJTY THBKBS AND 1lA1OR. ATVTY AlUl.AS OUTPUT LOATON ' LMB AGBHY SOR Ealablish user _Ui for foriullure \ Or lfoull formed 01 ""ro... 9 DWtwX Tninin~ 011 pllnt propaptim ud ot~r teohlliquea 13$ Or trained.bove oooli_ 6$ 70 PAD DW/WK u...ok DeM~..t, ltjltovellent of adel hueb...jry Anninbado.0 Wita Anninbado PQlAP.tH TKWDW Diy.do wul8 Diyado... _ twx Mill. Ela 2$ uail8 Mil.Ela mprovellent ao.t husbtodrv Aruinaouda 2 uail8 Livtnau... da.ud Kalulllullh.hoaa Battblish.."" adin& oppommiiea for primly prod_ \,.1"" oddm, opporiliea illtradued Mill. B, AuiDbado,ad Ttllipall 2$ 2$ 2$ 2$ BDJW)BJPAD KN.J for Milk. FNit. Gtn Air.ad H.btl fiants lmn benelitled,ad oonoeot DlDe' devdoood Or,.. PO...for...0.dded prouioo.o~... polljl" forllmld. Au'-e 5, DB KN.J ~O iaoome throup vaillt added.ud enlliroollentady sound prodootion N.i.teQ.b. uiotids P'08Pllea,.pniea &ad ntone..., ar ideolilied.dd Above _ 10l'l1. DS(K.N.P) KN.J HOOt for inl~lti_ repol1~"",d Atn. teduaolog tra..e. Tewoog tralllf. arranjod Above oooli... ~ ~ DBPAD KN.J for l00_1i 2.3. deotiy patentialllw'keia.t liubaol A report howip,s palellli.lllarkeia Loao1011 neutral 100'1 DB/ADMoU'S(K KN.J.ud inbjles in resllool of 7 OO8llloditiM DS 2.3.' Battbliab larbt ojlpo'1lllliiea.t iub,. for Marbtlinb establilded for 7prod_ Above oooti_ WPaDS KN.J prim.ry ud niue-added PrOduota ADAJDB Or,.. Or PO...for oeotioa. ~ _ popo formed 3_ DAWPSDS KN.J."""b..A", trans3""1. ad dt-liverv io l.r"'t omd Esllblish ~Jl for attl. hwbaudry 1goops formed Above oooitoa 3 WK Esllblish goops for JlQl bwblndrv 2Jl1Wlfonned Above oooiloa 2 WK n.d Esllblish dell_ioll 011 rwnin.nt feeder.oroll PQlAP.tH TKW 10._._""", Establish OOllp<lllt boa,," l00h<l6, Aa.bove 2$ 2$ ~ PAD/AP.tH TKW

50 produed ~ Amnll" ndit 00i1i... 1or 4ti1lities in rapet o( n>dj failities &. lewiee.iubp Ja RRDB,Benb, KNJ dded enl.trpt'ise. rslablished (or 40 RUGa <::o-opo H.L1 dentify arel' (or ilterveatioas Loauioos (43S hi) identified and Aaaiabad. aw: 100% RM(TSHDA~ Ol KNJ report produed with mapi Thalapolaloanda, Be"l'pollltbo" - 1SOha. (TR) Di,..d._feaipita...: 100% Deniyl,.. Oohalw..burl, Olalwmbun, Bodin.iya. GeepDapil lsh. Will. m. aw: 100% Y.maokaml., KAlmbokb, 1ii... Wee- 2SOha. MM.pl...: 100% y,tiho"aalo - 10ha (1)) Mehaniool Measue- mprove uistiob - leider dnins - oolour dnina - Slooe OTOl$ l.4 ntrodue feo lripo alo", ilums borderida ",.laods Treelllripo inlrolldood 400J m Slrel.,. ill above looilollll XX 1000 RM(TSHDA)M DW/WK i(1000 Pu flws) oi(l'.rl) D Establish dem_lioos 00 tolller\lllioo m_e' DelDolStntioosl\sll~ 8 Nos. Above ilxalioos 4 4 RM(TSHDA)M TKW/DW.nd ne strips.1000g atr..01 boo. 2 pt.rflws O'Rl) D W{ oan. ) r P... 7 uwn SBEDULB RBSPONSBlJTY THBKBS AND KAlOR ATVTY ARMS. OUTPUT LOA'nON H LlNB AOBNY SOOR AmoS" tehoolo8)' falllfer.m tninin& or Proelllin3.nd preaervin3 faiiti.. above ilxatiollll 2 2 nmad KNJ food pro...,.j,q i. prtserwl8 ilr orpuized 8l0UJlS rs.wsbed (or 4produts.nd a report AmoS" input.nd ob«..",io. oiitiel nput ioilili.. &: s...too inoas"s J_ o-of", DAS KNJ established for 40 RU Os mprove Tea - Paddy rullllre PrOlllote...MlOOll familia in "'".au bo1dina 3.1.U oa1 bui da to Data tolleoted tbroup fam r_rds As above ODtiDlle TSHDNlR NE nul report prepard OAf Balabliab proetne.. J.l.l.l Protetiv...sure dopted in As above m RM/'SHDA/D WK/DW (a) A,vOlOPi mba. TRlPn'APkH - Or.nio Bund& - Live TertlOO. - SALT TebWque - Pallllln lripo on (001 potha &: &10l0..._

51 3.U Piliae linbpwilh,,"n holden lad larp LiDbse djoblisbed lw1 TN Sma ll1hw zoo zoo zoo zoo RW/TSHDA(ll) KNJ plldlaiollll lor Uppy of iuptja. qllility planlids Holden ba.6tted o-op!. Pe.llion...",rills.ad OlpullDlrloelinA A.teni Piliae.rnop..eoa flr sharins apilli flr 46 bo of paddy aada developed 1br0ll. Abow oaiods PAD/DAS DW dovelo~enl of irriaition 8}'111e'" shared invoslllmi Loud oaaoiatiwl Paddy andl_lii.led 46 bo. Alxwe oaiods Load oaaoidaiwl OW lliforoe i ltaliwlwith.ad ~ of Report prodooed with relovaal -do loo'l1! -do- NE rel!mllt dta &0..!he irjetituliods i,ia inluded dentify.reaa for laud oaooudation A... identised.ad reporl produoed AbowloailOllll loo'l1! -do- DW Esllblish lout..,.. with rmwnl om';aa & users oun "".bished - do loo'l1> -do- NPDW MliJ)Olll; SlnlelY by the t..kforoe Sn e.ll' identified ad ooed -do- Abow. ore.ad WK, r- TBEKBS AND AJOR ATlVlTY AllBAS OUTPUT LOATON ",.!' -- p: - 11MB SlBOULB JUlSPONSBLlTY.. 1 Z ).. 1 Z ) LNB AOBNY sar Promote ~ mel l'op!. idt~ldd 60 bo lea UllU bodinp ialprolled Se loaliollll aelelaod flr i>tem\llliq l' JO 15 RM(1SHDA)M DW/WK border 1'000000a in lea amid holdinjll undersediollll.u Ol('lU)O 3.2 l...ov. pedd, produolivit, 12.1 mprove Me, ooqllioition lad land m...3".,.,nl 8oootiOllll(46 hi) idenlified AuiabOM. -= loo'l1! dentify o>alio"".ad potenlials or ialpnwe..en18 and report prep...d 'halapaabdda paddy t.., -'h. OAS OW Pllb.owia lobo. Di,pd...-Tipila -= loo'l1! N... labeaa bo. 1S.m...: loo'l1! Aabalanlwmbon h. Linda ljyada - 3 bo. P.-ap... wmbun 7 bo. AmbaSlbopla ku..tn bo. B.....: loo'l1! D1ul!>ilivl ~Y - 8 bo. l.:u.s 181p1e..entload ooljlolidalioo in see>ed.os 46 bo ofpaddy a ada OOOldated -do 6 8 t.s 17 -do- DW with Reb. b. Proieta i Promote inl~ed p""...3"_o.ad loesnted p""ajluse-. pnoioe Above 1oa1i0G0l PAD/DAS DW l18e ofora'n.io 811_' in paddy 1_.ad"" of orpaio..111_ pro..oted, Appblion of be.u..l ferti&v redued, soil pbym..llloadilioo improved 46 bo..~--,-. - ould.

52 3.2.6 Porllllllion of lsa'.0011)6 lor imlll'ovmj lddvlnilllre 16...r goup6 fol'lllod Above oatiollll 16 DWfWK J.2.7 Amn8" mining 160 use.. lrainod Above oatiollll PAD DWfWK ~3.U AmnS" inpull Re<juirod inpul.mllgtd46 ba. Above oatiollll DASPAD DWfWK Pertilizer, 'Am-hemials.0 THEME: OROANZB GROUPS FOR MPROVBD PRODUnON, PROTErON, MARKETNG AND RFlATD SERVES dentify 100._uistin& or nizatioua &: BOs oid. U. oraa niza tioos. BOs identified and,19\l9od inh"" 100% DWfWK.2 o.aaniu uaer SfOupo for oeotion, lraasport nd 4Wier &foup6 formod inh... 4 DWfWK df.!ivery of ~-to m.,bl8.3 Por...lion of oinsle 'ukb...d oraanizatioas from &foupo 10oraanizatiOllllionned As.bor.,, RUGa,Moo. KNJ.4 Por...tion of sub user Oall form oraallizatio.. lentioned sub user OOU:ii>mod Ni...1 UPJ' Wlterabod RUGa, RUDs,NOO KNJ ~4,2_ ~-- nukplllva Yl' - 2 ba. r-~ --~~ 3.2., lotroduee Uo1Ufea to pnoveat OOW'i.t!,s of PrevenliYe lleuurea adoplod 10.void LoatiOllll ideoti6ed Wder DAS DWfWK h.i&hlaoo and silt deposition in valleyt dr.iing ru.o off water into paddy RM/miDA(1l). 6e1ds - 46 ba. RUGa ~-~- ~-~~- ' nlm SBBDULB RBSPONSBlLlTY TBBMES AND WAJOR ATVTY AllBAS OUTPtrr LOA'nON 93,. " P Z l 4 1 Z ) LJNB AGBNY SOR ~ Plilillte ""ed poddy produlioo within... A ""od paddy yaya bljsbed Auiabad._ 2 2 PAD W{ for elob ba Tballpalaboda >"Y' - 'ba. DASlRUOa Diyad... Teaipi'l _ 2 -do- W{ N... llbe.o. yaya - 4 ba. 1il1. Ba do- W{ Ambalulawbun yaya - 3he. Plball Esoda Kulllbwi AmW - 'ba. HO". 1 -do- W{ foflll~d uod«<i 10reni lbellllb No, 2, 3 nd ' Trailling repro_.1iyes of: R_wu ponklk'l - RUOS 40 Rep;. trained in 4., se.adfrolll VKN User sub ounil 04 Rep;.lrained 4 relevant_tulio.. r-~ ~--~ ~~.6 RRDB,D, PB Old... Amllgt "","n ar""b for Or SfOpo aoo invested into eoglod user _s 7S...narubl'rrlllfod to _ aroup! in l' ])AS. KNJ.7 P,ilillte user oraanizaliollll to eallliish io.b with 10 user oraanizatioaslinbd with AU PriVlte Banb, KNJ ~ iostilulious 10 obllin redit mr OOiulleroialltivities rodil instiluliolll o-opo

53 o-ope. 100 Pvt. o. DAS 100 DAS KNJ 1 DB.BDB.lSR 100 DOW NHB DASiDS 100 DS T.KW DepSeoy(P) T.KW DS (l). (N). (p). PR/GllMN (Pi) PR/GBTKW PR/GBTKW GB 'HBMBS AND MAJOR ATVTY ARRAS OUTPUT LOA110N '"! Z 11MB SHBDULB Pue - 10 RBSPONSBlJTY " Z 3 LMB AJBNY SOR U Plilill Ulier aroupovo',adizatioll8 10 prtr inpul auppl)' throu(lh oet;tjve tioo R"'..._nlll o[ inp"1s obtained ADh... hn>u&b ooletive tion - 10 OtPJUatiOOll Pii oleo:tne tiod 10.nsu.r. hi(lhe.r relurdi for o_odity JXodue of ~.ad linbd fdla Ba,,"inl.o,! poww tlron/lth_d. in farwordootr biiabed (2 No.. ) Lia.k establiabed with... rbla mr 4_ He Establish... Olmerill earpriaoa brou" user.oulll S""'" Ollrpri.&a established -do l Pii_r arouj)'0'8l11izalioo8o bl1ll produtioa olilpany 0... prodlllioa oolllplll}l osabiished N'dllllla Upper...tetsbod 10 rnfjde: NTBORATED PLANNlNG &: OOORDNATON 11 Propore;."..".l..yol"M... oad "'1.,... reievullo load.ad... lr D,._ of Upper Hi...l. Wllershod ll_l..yofland nd...lt midi;",.,...,...ad a report prepared Upper Hi tetsbod loowo S.2 Prepare iana..y 01' r 1",,.lonl iupulll for Hilwal. Upper W.lershed with lbe ae of.,.ldee le111lootd in 11 Laad ud...er r""",,",", invelll..y -do loowo 13 Fliliae the levelop.aelll of. dall-bllle.ad inbl1ll.tioo aystelll for aad &: Milt reonle D,welll!Aad.ud...1t resouroedall-base!aad ud Wiler reaouroe Womltioa swtn (4 Hos.) 4_ 4 14 Am",.. millin, 011 (1) Lo<:a pa...w..s. Ulier 8fOupe fa.'1111 tioo. support aud ooua bontioo 10 provinial ofiials l'infd 2S DiYisiOWl iovellooal ol&iala raiu.d Galle Respeaive S (2) llllanled pia""", (projolli proaull1i11j 1Sp<1s) fa.' Wllmbed basis for protetion &: produtioo) 5.5 Am..,.. millin, on 'prtiipol..y nllunl reaouroe Dlemonl" br HGOs. PV'. Seaa.' O'p (l's0s). 15HOO &: PSG reps. mijmd Respewve S.6 laaad 1ll00ilorillj &: Bva...tioo 8)'W8 Division.1 Seoretari.tlMiuo Mllrlbed level... lwellllowlom, &: evaluation 8)ti1... osabiiabed (4 syslelll8) 4_ 4 Abbrevialioaa... = aub Wlllr obeda RUG = Resoure UaerOroup RUO "Resoure Uaer Or8l0i7.0tioo HS " HatioDi SteriQa o_ate. PS " PrOO'inQ.1 SteeriD& olllldillee W1UT " W.llnbed Resolll'U Mu.,.llonl Telm PS = Pndeshiya Sabha 1'100 - NoD Govwumental Or.aizali"" MFS '" Muli-purpose ooptralive Slliely eso ~ olllldwily Based Or8*aizatioo ADA = ~undev. Authority TSHDA = Tea S.O Hol<bS Dev. Authority 'R & Tea Rest..rh lnslilllle DAS,. Deport of A,,:lrillll Servioos DS(l) '" Di...1Seorellry - Kot.poa DS(P) '" DivaOWl Seaelary - Paspll DS(N) =DivaOWl Seaelary - HeluWl ON " GraSla Hiladbari noo.. llllrdltiooll TeohooolY Developmelll Group SR:: eylon nsitllu: ofsienlifi.nd txustrial Rtsearh lob - lnduotrial Developmat Bo.rd FD Por.1i: DeporlllOll PAD =Proviuoi.1 ANiullun> Del"'rtmelll VK " V.x. HUlyakbrl KSB '" X..P. Sri Bharalhi T.KW.. T.x. WlDSriy& 100 '" 1tN. Ja~ WK" W.unRJ DW" D. Wij_yab NB=N.~e AW -... W... l"'hin.,. NP.. N'sbal Femaodo GB.. Gallliai Batuwilase PR.. Paul Raj_bra

54 ,~'\.. Map 1 ". «J ( \ ( 0. ~. \ 0 / '.0.. qu ~ 0 > 0 :~ \.. '" \ 0 \ a \ \ \ \ \ \. \... \~ Q D \ 17 ~ " V, v D \ / /,, / / <' / j.i\ / r.j Q /', HUMlJWE\o{A WATERSHEO "... 'GAO _011 OAQ foot PAlll TAl«W... 0 TMt '..."... AVEA ""-leashed _A.T / /,\ a <J.. ) "qv,. \J P b ~ < ~...

55 'NLWALA GANGA WATERSHED LEGEND '... '1, \ Roa,h ',. ~vet 6 T.'bu!OfY.. onne, netvole,, Wo'tr.lled llounddf1._,..r... o Ateo..ill,1n Hi/wok! (>""90. ' : Wolen...<. bu' now llv... ltd'".". 01 ni....olnn.d, lio;:) =\ ~ "-,..-..,. ",' "" ' { ' '" wi~j Miip, 2 ': ".".>... -~,..,,.",-'''. : : SAL[ : T OOO ~. l'... 'f'

56 Monitoring and Evaluation Framework Projet,o.a.l. PW'po.ii& of objd..ive Objetively vrifi"ble OutpuWahivemat of 2-yr Bad 01 6-yr Projet SLat"" 1. indi",o(8 (illustrative) o-op. ADeement GuJ: To illae..ue the SWiU1.o."ble Prodution pet unit o land a.nd water Benh mark wessment inreprd to suh Form, bdo;pud lad llengthen user Produtivilyof lhe lalld alld water inrea&es.. indiate... as produtivity lad qu.ality o ",oups: resoures base in pilot watrshedj; 1.a.Ad & waler resourus (ei- illepj use of Seure dwed oontrollhiough formal Qu.ality otland lad water inauss. faest. orest over. et.) eompleled. agreemenls between user. & state.. Annex 1 Number of environmentally sound prodution praties inaeases.. Few Langible outpuls suh as inv5l.ment by uset groups. enviro~ntaly sound prod. praties et. will be meuured. A trend a.n.a.lysis otimpat will be attempted. ntrodue &. intenwiu information & M&.Eayums. Help improve supped servie. - redit, market et. 2 PurpOSt: : llrused shared ontrol of land a.nd waler resoures in pilo( watersheds.. 3 Objtiv", i. E.o.hane, Oovt, U&er groups & ludi' iduals' information base. Signifiallt regula lory proedure or orga.n.iz.ationaj. ba.nges exaeled 10 inaease shared Oil tro1 Land leasing to uset groupslm1au armer ompanies aelra ted. Jointlll&n4gement a:rlagemnts demonslrated. mproved information on natural resoures base. mproved MS and dissemination systems for info. on natural resoure use. National. Prov., Div., level govt. oliials. uset groups. NGO & seleu:d private seelor people trained and made aware of environmentally soull5lprodutionmodes _for int~nsified resoure us. 150 Uir Groups. 15 User Orga.n.iz.ations. 1-2 Sub-usa' ounl1s..establlshed lad demonslraled formal state user par1.iipanls. Signifiant improvement (over benhmark liluation in regard to: a) awareness otusets Oovt. offiials. NGO & private Sd.or, on1.a.ad waler use. b) information base re: 1.a.Ad & waler. (only in areu overed by Phase 1). mprove inteualed plall.l1i.n. apaity. Form, upand Ad'strengthen use.t' groups. Training &. infamation systems. Failitate establishment of amal agreemenls between user groups & state. Eeonmi.al1y & environment.ally sound prodution model. Other ativitie.lislod under obj~es & below. ondua training for user groups. Oovt. offii.w, NGO & private seaor. nformation Eduation & ommuniation (leg) material preplll'ation & dissemination. Establishment information systems., Ontd...

57 Had of 6-)'1' Projet StAtu v Projet,oat. purpose of obj:tiv Qbj:tively vrifiable indi:aol'l (illustrative) Qutpulliahi mat of 2-)'1' o-op. AD-mnt " ii. Form. expand and streogthen user groups; and ill. Seeming shared ontrol of land and water resoures by user groups. Organized and ederated uset groups - Uset groups - User organizations - User sub ounils - User ounils Formal and inomal training Eonomi sustainability enhaned through intells'i:fied prodution in environmentally sound ways. % area with improved onservation telmiques, sustainable aopping patterns, propel' drainage et. enhan~ 150 user groups,s werog., &. 1-2 sub ounils established. 2 small fam:ar prodution ompanies established. A minimum of3000 ha. under joint management % area with environmentally sound prodution inaeased. Signifiant improvement in small fam:ar investment on environmentally sound prodution modes. mproved drainage and odsetyation. reate/stred&then user groups DevJop user groups skills in J.;&.Wmgt. Partiipatory desi&n &. implementation of eonomially &. enviromentally OWld prodution modes. Enhanee Uppot servill &. institutional linkages eg= link RUG wigh Banks. Legal statu &. powers to RUGs to sua:ess to resoure use. Establish small'fam:ar prodution ompanies: nvestment by user groups on environmentally sound prodution modes & telmiques enhaned. onlj.t studies on resoure tenure arrauaemenu iv. Strengthen apaity at National, Provinial, &. Div.level in integrated watershed resoure managemenl/planning mproved methodologies, tools &. proedures developed &. used fo multilevel integrated planning ofl&w reso~ on watershed basis. Partiipate&')' and integrated planning. involving ederated user groups, internalized. Sustainable M&.E info. systems. SO user groups, 15 user organizations, &. 1-2 sub ounils enhaned their apaity in resoure mgt. &. work elosely with relevant agenies. mproved methods, tools " proedures develo~d fo multi-level, integrated planning. (ir;1trodution " internalization of partiipatory planning on watershed will used more than 2 years) Develop improved methods, tools and proedures for integrated plan.nijj&. Strengthen linkages and o-otination among line agenies user-groups and Div./ProYJDational authorities in reprd to watershed planning. Help internaj.ize partiipatory &. integrated watershed planning. -_... nfo." M&E systems internalized. _ A A A ~

58 Annex 2 ~, S1A.'UJ (X)NTRX.a= NATllW..FEnUlES O-olo..bo Ot:5e<: SGOR PrOJET HW-H,u'ubllleWW Waettbd. PiDJET TNETS AKJ PEFOOMANE Jjl:::t"U-NG MONTH 1F(1'.:tvRFR 1003 PltDS - t DMflioul Seretariat' Re:ruitllleat of Staff Totalltaff With atalysts, Drivers arid Offie aids Without atalysts, Drivers and Offie aids E,ubluh projet offies Offi«$ Livin~ quarters. Establish SteeriDg omlllitta aad wotiag group, (NS, NWG. PS, PWG. WRMT); aad identify ML1MD o-ordillator by S/MUMD Steeringo mmines of agenia represllted by the om mine WRMT ; of agenies represnted by the ommittee Worting groups MLlMD Pro:aremellt of Equ.,.- Vehile.< ". fttt...j t J 1 1 ] ] Prepare: ".y' " MilE plus. ioeptiob report (prelimiuq') ete. Work plan (Draft) 1 1 Wort plan (Final) M&EP!ans deality pilot an:.t' withid - Asse" present leveb of water add!add relollr<: lise - Nu mlx:r of ox.atiol$ - &se".. groups (11 of groupsallald) of memhers (Existing groups) - ".analysis(indllmlx:rofloatiolll) 16 S8 ] t ~ s s R""ruitm~nt of drivers will be 24' ~imed...ith arrival 01 YenllS. 3 1 t o o ] ! J rarti<:ipatory planib - Plannin2... ' - Prepare detailed.ruollshedllle, for the (ollr omp01lellts of the projet: (Numher) () reatiod &: JUeDgtbDiDg of RUGS; (2) Surd OlltrolllleballU:lls; (3) Strengtheu GO t., NOO,private JfOrapaitis to better pport RUOS. (') mprove interated planning of ladd and water rsovrus 011 watershed basis, Refine M&:E ia4i.aton &: piau 1 1 1,, o

59 Anne: PRonT TARGETS AND PEr-rOf-MANE 1. Proiet purposa: To inreasa shared ontrol of land and Yoater resoures in two pilot Wltersh3ds 1. of groups served by regulatory prodre or organizational hange.uted to inreased shared ontrol 2., of land leaseing agreements granted t user groupsl organizatons 3. if. Ofjoint resoures mana~ement arran Stments i fj:!ilt."\'tilll'illtljlilliiiii:liil l 11., 1111'11,1 1. User group reation ( ind. registration) Total 2., of representatives of user groups trained 3. of User Organizations 4. Representatives of User Organizations trained 5. / of Sub-user ounils 6. Representatives of User Sub -ounils/ounils trained 7. / of small grants made to user groups to invest into ommon user group assests 8. / of user organizations onferred with legal ~tus and powrs,~ 9. Modes of ommerial opportunities developed and/or supported for user groups 10. Prodution ompanies established and linked to Dew markets 11. / of rural b3s:d ommerial ativities linked to Dew markets and provided with marhing grants 12. Land Jeasing/usufrut proess failibtiag establishment of (1) prodution ompanies (2) ommerial ativities 13. Dmon~ions of allthorizing user groups.. j int onsojidated land management/prodution systems in midortanb 14. / of n:sour:s use monitoring systems developed 15~ $ of n:soures user operations mod«.on:d 16: Training of offials in loall:v:l planning, user group (ormation, support and ollaboration Total 17. of NGOs and other private setor organizations providing tehnial managerial aad ommerial information to user gr ups 18. mproved methodologies and tools developed lad applied o o o o o o o o o o o o so 2 SO 5 o o 8.1

60 Annex 4 PRoPOsrn PJ:"["'[;RA FOR GRANT DSBURSE~ The tehnial doument of the SaR projet has learly indiated that the projet will provide small grants to existing and new user groups and suh grants will enable the user groups/organizations to: - Show ollateral when seeking additional loans through private finanial institutions; - pevelop and promote insurane shemes for new rops, onservation shemes and investments; - onstrut storage failities, markets, terraes, nurseries or other small physial infrastruture; - Purhase equipment needed to initiate or upgrade joint enterprises to gain eonomies of sale and value added to their prodution. - Join with other user groups to establish revolving funds for onservation of investments and/or the purhase of agriultural inputs; and - obtain legal. finanial and other servies assoiated with established user rights, small enterprises and produtive ventures.

61 Following requirements are suggested in providing grants to RUG/RUO.. RUG/RUO will have a onstitution (Draft opy attahed) e:. Projet report :- : Eah ativity proposed in the work plan should be «onverted to a mini projet of a RUG/or RUO. This mini projet report has to be prepared by the partiular RUG/RUO with the assistane of SOR atalyst in onsultation with the loal offiials of the line ageny. Mini projet report would onsist; a) Name of the Mini projet b) Loation ) learly defined objetives d) Problems that are addressed by the mini projet e) Proposed ation (with representatives and time plan et.) f) Resoures required for the suessful 41 implementation of the projet 4 g) Antiipated osts h) Resoure user ontributions 4 i) Assistane expeted from the SOR J) Expeted outputs. Projet appraisal : 4 Mini Projet report should be appraised by an appraisal team of SOR members. When appraising, eonomiviability, soial-aeptability, sustainability of the projet and whether onepts should be learly asertained. the projet agrees with SOR «4: : 4 4 t

62 SOR members who are appraising the mini projet ould also divide the ost items to onsider; i. tems required diret finaning by the SOR. ii. tems neessary to finane through bank loans by arranging ollaterals. Reommendations on phasing out of the grant ould also be done by the appraisal team. Reommendations of the appraisal team should be reviewed by the Team Leader/Deputy Team Leader before effeting payments. V. Bank aount : Opening up of bank aount by RUG/RUO should be enouraged in order to failitate payments. V. Agreement: RUG/RUO should enter into an agreement with the SOR projet for the suessful implementation of the mini projet. (Draft Agreement form attahed) Hypothetial flow diagrams to depit the suggested flow of grant disbursement and strengthening of eonomi ativities undertaken by RUG/RUO on a sustainable manner are given in 'Figures 1, 2 and 3. Few examples of sub omponents of eonomi ativities undertaken by RUGs whih require diret fipaning through sub grants are indiated below.

63 i. stream Reservation Group a) Purhase of improved varieties of fruit plants, high value timber plants for stream gardens. b) Purhase basi tools, mahinery et. to start a small handiraft enterprise base on raw materials suh as bamboo, rattan, batao ii. Nursery group a) Purhase minor agriulture tools and polythene. b) Hire an experiened grafter until suh time group members are trained to handle suh ativities on their own. ) purhase propagating materials. iii. Homestead group a} purhase of plants (Fruits, mediinal plants, anthurium, Pasture/Fodder uttings) b} Equipment required for eonomi ativities suh as food proessing iv. Enterprise development Equity support or start up apital for small enterprise Our strategy should be to strengthen the eonomi ativities of RUGs/RUOs by giving finanial assistane through user subgrants. n no way this should be a delivery mehanism where sustainability of suh mini projets are doubtful. hanging reipient attitude of resoure users should also be a hallenging task having before SOR members.

64 PROPOSED MN PROJET ON "SEED PADDY PROOlXTON" N MLLA ELA SWS RESOURE USER ORGANZATONS - MLLA ELA FARMER ORGANZATON (EXSTNG ORGANZATON) (A HYPOTHETAL ASE) ost of ommon nfrastruture Rs. 6000/ Line Ageny ~.. RUO ~ Proj et ost Rs. 63,000 RUO APTAL Reserves (Aumulated by ontinued Ativities over time) nput supply and infrastruture improvement Payment for inputs RUGs RUGs t ommitment Rs. 29,000/= ost of nputs Rs. 26,000 r ertified seeds - Fed i izer - Agro hemials Training Rs.2000/. After suessful ompletion of the pro1et ollateral Rs. 18,000/ - Haterlal resoures - Labour resoures Repayment of Loans plus interests L-. ~. For ollateral '----- (Rs.18,000/-) M4---t " Bank sm Negotiate for ollateral Enhaned loan failities against ol lateral Rs. 26,000/.. Training Budget Rs. 2000/.. " ost of Teh. Transfer Rs. 7000/ Host ountry ontribution (Worth Rs. 5000/-) Perdlem Rs. 2000/ " Diret outright payment (grant) F gure

65 After suessful ompletion of the period RUO Hinl ProJet reports s mltted to SOR by RXl SOR, unds or ollateral FLOW OF FNANAL ASSSTANE TO RUGS THROUGH RUO FOR OLLETVE ATON, \VV J EO AT 1 ~ RUG 2 EO AT 2 Seek Finanial Assistane [ RUG 3 EO AT 3. ollateral.. RUG 4 EO AT 4 nome Genera ion Settlement of redit - Profits - ollateral RXl Arrange redit failities to RUG through 8ank BANK..

66 Resoure use adopting agronomi praties n their smal holdings who have little produe of other rops SOR GRANTS TO PRODUER ORGANZATONS FOR MARKETNG OF PRODUE RUG RUG 2 RUG 3 RUG 4 Produer Organization ollet and store agri produe during peak supply period S~ grant through ollateral to onstrut storage failities t SOR grant through ol lateral to mprove working apital for o et ion of produe Post harvest teh improve orret grading, Value adding (proessing) delayed marketing (Bulk sales Bet ter pr i e ~ ~ for the produe

67 RUG (7) q)ojb OQ)O O)O'Jr.o1aO 0)"»G~4!9)l)Oa) ~ ql(9 86X) Sffi'{o O1OJB O)tx;))(9@o '{oeaosa»gsfl9)l)oa) OS~QO)()O om o"mom omllo@e &oi8o'j smon/so ~d ~ak> llgl8~~ (9leQ). osom 0~el9 tllb.iljoel 00d go).!!) <i 1~ W,{Boo5 o~jojt» ojbo))@~ (ldeoal Q}o)o)()t»S ~ (l:mq.o) o)>(soo~ q~o Q}o)058o B~m. qeld~ol 0(90 &oaol '{looo<;: (i3ej»»o ml~ o<;.m) ll»edoq} (9l8Ql. W(5)O'J qrg B~ o<;.ml (9. Q<5JOO O<SO) t»ogq ~ qao. l::jo[) ell omljoel ~M ll»edeoej.

68 RUG (3) q)ou6 ogo 2. ~: 4. Q)fl4el~ qo~~ : 4.1 ek) Q)~ qo~~ : ~qj Q)~ qo~f18 : &~ Oa>OJ6 t:)ed q<!:d)($)~ ~ eod ~ Qo(}o)l!J)/(pO5l)/om ~ OAoo>a~ 0))(5) tl QQ. (e~ edo) OlOQe. 6Wo~<!:D. ~)Q)()4!'9. 6Wo~<!:D Oll':JlQ8 (5)) q@@o 018 olqq ~ qjbnq).@))q)1oaa 00) Q)Jb:»ee m) 0@(.X3 Q)() G>l~ eod tllg8e9)q)()<!:) ~bo ~oiod Q)() G>l&ei:) q«sdz) itmb.} 6. d@ om :Q do)(5)jt'}q) o~ O)~Q) tllgeenq)()<!:l) 0,e18~ qjbnq) ilo B{a O<,m} 00l0d oem ~ OGlAei:> <;. olqq etmb. 7. mlfi\ Ole tloe o8od o&doeo. Q)~:le (RUG) l'j&d &loq 6S~d tloja Q)() ~a tk~. o)e>8q) ~S m) io.!:dd q~x:lb llo!jel~ ~ oe &loq ~ llloiod Q)(9 Qqetl. 8. &l"q ~ <;'S q>g G>l~ ~ ~) ose~ 8e Q)() 0>e>8~ 8<;.8<;.8<!:D~ qaboi sa) Gla QQ qao. fks q>og G>llilee) 86)~ Oa>OJ6\ t)obq)1oq) 8t.l8{iO &loqo 80a 9~Ood ~ 10. 8&~.~) Oa>OJ6' ~el~ ~d Oa>OJ6 Ol@ldeoO q~ qo<»a qodo>ooi& Ol@ld1i8 ~ ~ ~ O<,m) t:dfl!sel>1i5 80lt Q)~~tK~ iq)jod ~ 8<;.md

69 Annex 5 SaR PROJET - HURULUWEWA WORK PLAN (NOVEMBER 1993 TO SEPTEMBER 1995) -.: [NDATORS MAJOR NTERVENTON OlJTP'{T NDATORS (1) STABLSATONOFHENAAND ENROAHED STATE LANDS. (a) onservation fanning Awareness Programme Training Of Offiersl Users Demostrations Workshops Visits /Field Days Shool Progr.ammes Offiers-l25 Farmers Farmers 1000 Awareness reated among shool hildren nreased awareness indiated in before after assessment (b) () Stabilisation of henas onservation ofhannels,. Roads. Streams and Tank Bunds. 20Ha. from eah User Groups (2000 ha.) Tree density Yield ofhena rops Profits Water infiltration Soil loss Moisture retaining apaity Soil fertility / of Formal agreements nvestments Perman en t rops Extent freed from enroahments hannels 30k.m. / of eroded loations onserved / of groups formed / of usufrutuary rights granted Roads lsk.m / of trees surviving / of e-rode<i loations onserved Streams TankBunds 25k.m. OSk.m Tree density Plants by type Reservaton extent demarated / of wlnerable sand mining loations onserved / of formal agreements / of permanent rops :/ of soured setions onserved

70 (2) REGENERATETANKEO-SYSTEM (a) Awareness Programme Demonstration Established 1 Demonstration Awareness level Training (OffierslUsers) Offiers 30 Farmers 1000 Awareness level Farmer willingnes to adopt onservalion Shool Programme Shools - 22 Students Awareness level Visitsl Field Days Farmers 500 Awareness level (b) onservation ofhenas in athments 320 ha ofhena areas in tank athments onserved Treedensity Yield of hena aops Profits Water infiltration Soil loss Moisture retainingapaity Soil fertility # of Formal agreements nvestments Permanent rops () Establishment ofnursaries Nursaries established in eah loations (fotal35 Nursaries) # and type ofplants produed # and type ofplants distributed (d) Restoration of Gasgommana 30 ha in 2 tanks / of trees surviving Extent overd by trees Perahana Extent ofground over Sediment inflow Water quality

71 Kattakaduwa Tank Extent restored #: and type ofreommended plants surviving Water quality Aquati bio-diversity Water quality Food basket value (3) n regrated WA'ER MANAG~T (a) (b) Formation offarmer Orgpnisations from Lenadora to liukwawe under one Ageny Feeder anal Strengthening of existing organizations MD - 23 DAS - 26 New organizations - 10 Registered membership partiipation in meeting; % ofonflits resolved within group #: and % ofdeisions implemented Farmer partiipation in seasonal plannng Adhereane to ultivation meeetingdeisions Group ation in farm input prourement and output marketing nreased adoption of onservation farming nlusion ofhuruluwewa Offiials in Mahaweli Water Panel Release of full quota assured (150 uses) redibility Reliability ofwater inflow Operation and maintenane of the feder anal (a) Handover the full feeder anal to D/ Huruluwawe (Exept 1st 5 miles) redibility Reliability ofwater inflow Joint O&M oordination amongf.oo. in the System Supply of 90 uses to Huruluwewa assured redibility Reliability ofwater inflow #- of onflits resolved Establishment of appropriate ropping systems. Appropriate ropping systems in 5 ha estabished Prdution by type Yield Farmer aeptane level () ommand Area rop diversifiation during Maha and Yala Yala ha Maha ha Water use effiieny Profi tabili ty roppingin tensi ty rop yield index Water prdutivity Land produtivity Residual tank storage Farmer aeptane level

72 !l On-farm Water Management onjuntive Use of Water onjuntive use tested in trat 6 Water use effiieny Extent irrigpted roppingintensity Farmer aeptane level Formal adoption by D rrigplion water demand Tunely ultivation rrigption Sheaduling Operation and Maintenane of the System mmene Yala before mid April(new year) and Malta \\ith first rains ommening from Otober onwards rrigption sheduling developed, implemented, and monitored ommening from Yala 1994 season dentify and retify O&M problems in trat 6 throu~ user partiipation Water use effiieny Shortened peried ofullivalion season Residual tank storage Farmer aeptane level Water use effiieny Water predutivity Adequay ofsupply Reliability ofsupply Farmer aeptane level Farmer partiipation level Formal adoption by D Water availability Extent irrigpted User share in O&M Water use effiieny Effiient System Management oordinate ativities ofsmall tanks in the ommand 'Within Hwuluwewa sheme (d) Drainage Area One sub-ounil formed inluding the representatives ofsmall tanks ofhuruluwewa Water use effiieny Extent irrigpted Water predutivity Attendane ofrepresentalives at subuser ounil meetin&,. 1/ ofonflits resolwd Utilisation ofdrainage Water ofhuruluwewa On-farm Water Management Drainage water utilization imprved in 300 ha Drainage water use effiieny Predutioo roppingintensity Profitability

73 &tablishment ofappropriate ntrodue roppingpattems ropping systems for drainage area of300 ha (4) SHARNG RESOURES FOR ThfPROVNG HOMESTEAD User groups formed for drainage waterutilization ntegration of RUGs in the drainage area with those of the ommand area (a) Establish three ommerelized plant nursaries (Fruits, Forests and Gliriidia Seedling» 3 nursaies :/ and type ofseedling:; produd :/ and type ofseedlings sold Annual turnover from nursaries (b) Establish Model Homesteads 28 model Homesteads Tree density Moisture retention apaity Soil fertlity Soil loss nome/family :/ and type of trees Ground over Farmer adoption level () Expansion of Homesteads due to spread effets 112 additional homesteads emerged 250 house holds benefited Tree density Moisture retention apai ty Soil fertlity Soil loss nome/family :/ and type of trees Ground over Farmer adoption levl. (d) livestok mprovement ofmilk prodution 500 heads ofattle 250 farm families benefitted Average milk prodution attle population Milk onsumption nome/family Orgni matter (manure) produed Proessing of milk and Establish market links 2 proessing units 1250 farm families benefitted Value added nome/family Employment generated # of Forward and Bakward linkages # of produts by type Promotion of goat rearing 150 heads ofgoats 75 farm families Average milk prodution Goat population nome/family Orf ni matter produed rop/livestok integration level

74 (e) (t) (g) Promotion ofapiulture Promotion ofmediinal herbs Establishment of Fruit villages ntrodution of 300 bee olonies Mediinal herbs- 5 ha. 2 villages Bee honey prodution # of Bee olonies nome/family Prooution Sale nome Farmer adoption level # and type offruit trees surviving Extent overed Farmer adoption level «4 t (h) Promotion ofarlo-based industries 4 industries Prooution nome Employment Bakward and forward linkages ' (5) GROUND WAlER DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT (a) (b) Researh on ground water Providing neessary servies throufp user groups Ground Water potential assessed and reonunendationson ground water use made 5 user groups providing servies knowledge on ground water potential knowledge on Fround water use Well density established Ground water use effiieny Ground water quality Servie area under an afro-well Net return from agro-well Fannal adoption ofreommendations by the agenies Adoption of onjuntive use by the users O&Most onstrution ost nome to user groups Level ofsharing ofpumps an aa::essories by users t 4: ~ (6) LAND ONSOUDATON N MN Formation of user groups lnnitiate land onsolidation na-ease Land Use effiieny & na-ease ropping intensity. 15 user groups formed 5 tanks Farmer aeptane level Farmer aeptane level ~ ~,. ~ A..

75 onsolidation of ownership 1 tank Water produtivity water use effiieny Yield Land holding size Land fragmentation trend Farming time saved mproved ultivation alander Fallow area (7) NTEGRATED PLANNNG AND OORDNATON Promote inter-ageny ouoboration An integrated watershed management plan develped Ageny aeptane level Agenyommittment level Promote inter-projet oordination WRMT institutionaliezd as oordinating mehanism at DS level Quality of planning # of onflits resolved Attendane ofkey offiials at oordinating meeting;> Multi disiplinary nature of the WRMT Level ofsharing resoures among agenies Data base Ageny ommittment for integraed land and water resoure management Level ofexhanging at DS level oordination at entre., Provinial ounil and Divisional Levels NS/PS/DS oordination insti tu tionalized as a oordinating mehanism Speedy reso;u tion of issues Poliy hanges nvolvement in land and water resoure management oordination with Loal Poli tial Leadership Awareness reated among loal politial leaders Support and ommittment to plan Loal resoure alloation to supplement land and water resoure management efforts Promote integrated efforts of NGOs and private firms Promote user partiipation in integrated management of land and water resoures A number ofngos and private firms involved in prodution and protetion 10 user organzations integrated to the watershed resoures management planning nvestment byngos nvestment by private setor firms Formal linkages of NGOs and private firmswithdswrmt User partiipation in planning

76 SOR PROJET - LOGFRAME Annex 6 GQAL nrease the sustainable produtivity of land and water Resoures "PRODUTON AND PROTETON t other fators ('SUB GOAL" ~a--ld a-n-d-\-v-ate-r-u-s-e-r-s-a-d-o-p-t.-more sustainable and produtive praties "T other fators PURPOSE nrease Shared ontrol of Land and \Vater Resoures * Strengthen user group apabilities * mprove Resoure Tenure Arrangelnents ATVTY AREAS * Strengthen government, NGOs and private setor apaities * mprove o-ordination and Linkage - \ "Projets to Program ~

77 Annex 7 Figure 5 - SOR Projet Organizational Struture llte-.lreta.. Tralaer. WR".n U.er Re,,' Proy/Dly Rep. L", AO'D,. 3 fllll-u., Prof. HOO Rep. P8 Re"e,, U.r '~ (W.teUlled l.y.u PfO"O'D«l Ad... / Ohl"lollal Ser,t.,'" Fedoutlolu (To..tllflh the,.. d of e Yr prol.et) PO PWO NO: Ele ",U"'O (nl. lrelg. LaDd fou.t et ': WAOR Uni. OA.DAS). ",. of En., U8AD, P8 Repe.,.nU Pro Le 64.. t. otb.r r. Rt.~ l., am ",«a.d Pro(."lo.. HWO : (f fall-tllng "rot lo...' WL1UO ProJ.t o-ord. - Hoft-full-Ul..8"lor 90Y.uun,.t offiial.) HO PS, ll_f S..., OUter R... t ao. Lin.. AO l, WRUl U.er Rep'. UUUD-Prol o-ord U Pr. Leade,. NWO PWO :! Full-thn. prof,lo,,". ha... luau for ""RUT - HOH-fall-U." nlor goy.r...t offiial.) \..9011,,<1 WRUT - Wat.ereb.d R'luour., "'a".qell:1eh Tealn PO - ProvlAlal Ot<ll.rD~ osu.ltt pwa - Prwlaolal Wortl"g Oro.." P8 - f",... 6eotof NO - t<auonal 6~"'19 o~... t"e HWa - t(auolul Wortlo9 O"O"P PROV - P"",lal.1

78 '. Annex 8 Monitoring & Evaluation Proess - SOR Projet SOO MS User ounils f-; Maj or (1tput Period Physial Fnanial Progress Reports Status Review Reports Ev uat ion Reports Researh results Douments User Sub-ounils SOO 'Watershed MS Proess Doumentation At ivity Status Reording User Organ izat ions atalysts ' Resoure User Groups MS =Management nformation System