BASIC STUDY FOR NON- STRUCTURAL DISASTER PREVENTION MEASURES

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1 4 th th WORLD WATER FORUM Mexico City, Mexico March 21, 2006 BASIC STUDY FOR NON- STRUCTURAL DISASTER PREVENTION MEASURES Camiguin,, Philippines Dolores Mayor Hipolito Project Manager II Flood Control & Sabo Engineering Center Dept. of Public Works and Highways Philippines

2 Camiguin Island, Philippines Idyllic island setting Home to volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, typhoons that trigger debris flows and flashfloods Buhawi small localized rainstorms also induce landslides and debris flows 2001 Disaster (debris flows and flashfloods) 220 deaths and missing persons Damages (US$4M) in infrastructures, houses, paddy fields and livestocks

3 Disaster Mitigation Measures for Camiguin Philippine Government and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA): 1. Disaster Prevention and Reconstruction Project (2003) Recommended urgent structural and non- structural measures for debris flow and flashflood disaster mitigation 2.Basic Study for Non-structural Disaster Prevention Measures for the Province of Camiguin (2004)

4 Basic Study on Non-structural Disaster Prevention Measures Objectives of the Project: Strengthen disaster prevention capacities of Provincial/Municipal & Barangay Disaster Coordinating Councils (PDCC/MDCC/BDCC) Increase the local people s s awareness of disaster prevention Establish simple and effective disaster prevention method

5 Study Approach and Methodology Participatory Approach Ownership and sustainable involvement of the community Coordinative Approach Close coordination with the local government units (LGUs( LGUs) ) and the Disaster Coordinating Councils (DCCs( DCCs)

6 Study Approach and Methodology Project Cycle Management Feedbacks from community Social Survey Weaknesses and strengths in the present disaster prevention system

7 Community Perspectives Survey Observations Factors that make people vulnerable People s understanding of disaster Disaster preparedness practices Disaster warning methods and indicators People s evacuation practices Community people s s need for greater capacity building for disaster preparedness

8 Community Participation in Design of Nonstructural Measures Identification, vulnerability assessment and capacity assessment of evacuation centers Formulation of evacuation plans and training on evacuation planning Development of public awareness materials such as poster, pamphlet, information board Simulation exercises and drill for testing of evacuation plans and for public awareness Development of disaster prevention manual

9 Nonstructural Measures Operational warning system for flash flood and debris flow Provincial, municipal, barangay hazard boundary maps Public awareness materials Flash flood and Debris Flow Disaster Prevention Manual Evacuation Plans

10 Hazard Map of Camiguin Island Barangay Hazard Map

11 Communication System for Flash Flood and Debris Flow Warning Fax Message Special Forecast from PAGASA PDCC Fax Message Rainfall Observation MDCC Rainfall Observation VHF Radio Message Observations of River Conditions Color Force of flow Sound Presence of dislodged vegetation Debris movement Water level BDCC House to house (Bandilyo), megaphone w/ siren, church bells, radios COMMUNITY

12 Monitoring at Community Level Simple rainfall measurement Rainfall observation Water level monitoring

13 Rainfall Criteria for Warning and Evacuation

14 Community Activities Training of Trainers Community Dialogues Table Top Exercise Evacuation Drill

15 Conclusions / Recommendations Natural conditions of Camiguin make it vulnerable to flash flood and debris flow Narrow volcanic island with steep terrain, unsuitable sediments on steep slopes, limited river channel capacity

16 Conclusions & Recommendations Other factors that make people vulnerable: Low income Large family size Low level of education Lack of understanding of disaster Inadequate disaster preparedness practices Inadequate warning and evacuation system Inadequate infrastructures Cultural practices

17 Conclusions / Recommendations Community participation : ensured people s s awareness, acceptance and mobilization enhanced community disaster prevention resulted to non-structural measures that reconciles with the community s s needs, capacities and resources to sustain

18 Conclusions & Recommendations Recommendations for sustainability Regular conduct of evacuation drills and public awareness programs and training of community and DCCs Complete inventory of population at risk based on the newly developed hazard maps Documentation of amount of rainfall and actual debris flow and flash flood occurrences to improve rainfall criteria for warning

19 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Community Perspectives: An Approach to Disaster Mitigation