Sustainable Consumption and Production Challenges and Opportunities In Cambodia OECD DAC - UNEP Workshop On Sustainable Consumption and Production

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1 Sustainable Consumption and Production Challenges and Opportunities In Cambodia OECD DAC - UNEP Workshop On Sustainable Consumption and Production for Development 10-11June 2010 Paris

2 Challenges: Population Growth Poverty Status Legal and Policy Framework Environmental Pressures Others

3 Population Growth Rapid urban growth aggravates environmental degradation Rapid is one of factors that could be viewed as obstacle to Sustainable Consumption and Production. Cambodia Government recognizes that the continuing high growth rate of population creates serious difficulties in the implementation of its programme of poverty alleviation and sustainable economic development.

4 Poverty Status Poverty was identified as the biggest challenge to Cambodian society. Among the population of mil. in 2004, the total number of people below the food poverty line is 2.6 million and the number below the total poverty line is 4.7 million (MoP, 2008). In light of the significance of poverty, more pressure is exerted on the natural resources, which poses a great challenge for the streamlining of the SCP concept into the national development plan.

5 Legal and Policy Framework Lack of specific laws and regulation respond to SCP Concept especially SCP or Cleaner Production (CP) not well defined in the Laws. Cambodia s anti pollution regulations were developed by concentrating on the reduction of waste, emission reduction and water pollution control. No significant investment on recycling of solid wastes Weak recognition of CP and SCP in most industrial development policies.

6 Environmental Pressures deforestation is threat to Cambodia's environment. It is noted that there are multiple negative effects of such significant deforestation including impacts on biodiversity, water retention and increased soil erosion of deforested lands. The loss of forest not only results in the loss of habitats for many species of animals and plants, but the loss of carbon sinks contributes indirectly growing CO2 emissions. Another environmental pressure is solid waste disposal. It is a major environmental problem, especially in the provinces,

7 Others Lack of capacity for product development attributed to absence of product design & development components in human resource development programmes Absence of collaborative projects and exchange programmes in the region and beyond, to facilitate experience sharing to promote SCP & CP and product innovation. Lack of appropriate financing mechanisms SC P& CP investment

8 Others cont Weak institutional capacity to measure a wide range of pollution parameters in industry due to lack of basic instruments e.g. monitoring equipment, accessories, etc that could also contribute to income generation. Wide scale reliance on obsolete technologies

9 Opportunities that Favoured SCP Activities Even CP and SCP are not specifically legislated in Cambodia, especially there are no legal instruments that can be used to enforce the reduction in the wastage of electricity and water, there are however, a number of laws and policies that are aimed at sustainable development and sound environmental management, and which are relevant and consistent with CP and SC P requirements.

10 -The 3R Concept has been promoted through environmental education program. - Environmental Education plays very important role along with Environmental law Enforcement - The draft of Cambodia Green Growth Roadmap will be a tool for favouring the Sustainable Consumption and Production Activities. - The establishment of Cambodian National Green Growth Committee is an inter-ministerial mechanism to help the Government in the application of Cambodia s Green Growth Roadmap.

11 Lead environmental protection legislation in Cambodia 1- Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resource Management 24 December The Land Law, August The Law on Fisheries 4- Forest Law, August Law on Mineral Exploitation and Mining Resources Law on Water Resource Management 7- Law on Biosafety Law on Protected Areas 2008

12 Thank You!