Asbestos Awareness 04/09. Asbestos Awareness TRAINING COURSE. Material prepared by: Training Services International

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1 TSI 2010 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Asbestos Awareness TRAINING COURSE Material prepared by: Training Services International Training Services International, Inc

2 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Trraiiniing Serrviices IIntterrnattiionall,, IInc. Asbesttos Awarreness Trraiiniing Courrse Table of Contents Section Title Page Table of Contents 1 Asbestos Facts 1 2 Asbestos Diseases 11 3 Controlling Asbestos Exposure 14 4 Asbestos Abatement Activities 19 5 Current Events 25 Your name: Company: Notice to Viewer: This sample manual includes our standard, up to date information that is based on industry standards and current EPA and OSHA requirements. We can customize this material to meet state and local requirements in your area. Feel free to contact us for a quote. This sample manual is presented for viewing only and may not be reproduced. Training Services International, Inc

3 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Notes SECTION 1 ASBESTOS FACTS Asbestos is a generic name given to the fibrous variety of six naturally occurring minerals with the following properties: Extremely long, thin flexible fibers that can be woven Resistance to chemical and thermal degradation High tensile strength High electrical resistance Fire resistant Good insulator Used in over 3000 commercial products State of California Photo The minerals that can crystallize as asbestos belong to two groups: serpentine (chrysotile) and amphibole (crocidolite, amosite, anthophyllite asbestos, tremolite asbestos, and actinolite asbestos). Serpentine and amphibole minerals can have fibrous or nonfibrous structures; the fibrous type is called asbestos. Asbestiform varieties of several other amphiboles have been identified. Other minerals are similar to asbestos in their particle shape, but they do not possess the characteristics required to classify them as asbestos. Training Services International, Inc

4 Notes Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Asbestos Mineral Family Comments Chrysotile Amosite Crocidolite Actinolite Tremolite Anthophylite Serpentine (long-wavy structure) Amphibole (short, rigid structure; most hazardous) Amphibole (short, rigid structure; most hazardous) Amphibole (short, rigid structure; most hazardous) Amphibole (short, rigid structure; most hazardous) Amphibole (short, rigid structure; most hazardous) White asbestos Most common found in 90-95% ACMs. Currently mined in Canada, 99% of world production. Brown asbestos Most common amphibole found in 5-10% ACMs. No current production Blue asbestos Found in 1-5% ACMs. No current production Can be in vermiculite Often associated with tremolite. No current production Can be in vermiculite Some current production in India, Rare, no current production Training Services International, Inc

5 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Notes Asbestos in the U.S. The USGS reports asbestos has been identified in 20 states and mined in 17 States over the past 100 years. It is found in many common rocks. The type of rock expected to contain asbestos occurs predominantly along the eastern seaboard from Alabama to Vermont, along the western seaboard from California to Washington, and in the upper Midwest in Minnesota and Michigan. Small occurrences of asbestos are in other areas, such as Arizona, Idaho, and Montana. USEPA Photo The USGS has been studying the locations of naturally occurring asbestos and updating previous locations. The USGS published asbestos location reports of the Eastern United States on July 1, 2005, the Central United States on August 8, 2006, the Rocky Mountain States on July 12, 2007, and the Southwestern States in These reports contain maps and associated databases of asbestos and amphibole locations including: Occurrences of asbestos in the contiguous United States. Data from USGS Digital Data Series DDS 52 (E.J. McFaul and others, 2000, U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Databases MRDS and MAS/MILS). o 324 locations identified in the Eastern United States, and o 36 locations identified in the Central United States. o 48 locations in the Rocky Mountain States (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico and Wyoming) o 113 locations in the Southwestern United States There could be many more deposits of naturally occurring asbestos in the Pacific Coast States. USGS surveys have identified asbestos primarily in mountainous areas. Training Services International, Inc

6 Notes Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Worldwide Asbestos World production of asbestos was estimated to be 2.2 Mt in Russia continued to be the leading producer of asbestos, followed by China, Kazakhstan, Canada, Brazil, and Zimbabwe. These countries accounted for 95% of the world production. Jefferies Mine, Quebec Canada Photo from Quebec Government Estimated Asbestos World Production (Numbers estimated in thousands of metric tons, information provided by USGS publications) Country Brazil Canada China Kazakhstan Russia Zimbabwe Other Countries Total 2,050 2,130 2,400 2,330 2,250 2,180 2,200 Asbestos Containing Material Asbestos-containing material (ACM) is defined as material containing more than 1% asbestos. If at least one sample taken from a material is analyzed to contain over 1% asbestos, the material is considered ACM. USEPA photo Training Services International, Inc

7 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Notes Uses of Asbestos Asbestos has been used in literally thousands of products. Asbestos gained widespread use because it is plentiful, readily available, and low in cost. Because of its unique properties asbestos proved well suited for many uses in the construction trades. The following diagrams and tables provided by the list some asbestos uses. USEPA Sample List of Suspect Asbestos - Containing Materials Cement Pipes Cement Wallboard Cement Siding Asphalt Floor Tile Vinyl Floor Tile Vinyl Sheet Flooring Flooring Backing Construction Mastics (floor tile, carpet, ceiling tile, etc.) Acoustical Plaster Decorative Plaster Textured Paints/Coatings Ceiling Tiles and Lay-in Panels Spray-Applied Insulation Blown-in Insulation Fireproofing Materials Taping Compounds (thermal) Packing Materials (for wall/floor penetrations) Gaskets Laboratory Hoods/Table Tops Laboratory Gloves Fire Blankets Fire Curtains Elevator Equipment Panels Elevator Brake Shoes HVAC Duct Insulation Boiler Insulation Breeching Insulation Ductwork Flexible Fabric Connections Cooling Towers Pipe Insulation (corrugated air-cell, block, etc.) Heating and Electrical Ducts Electrical Panel Partitions Electrical Cloth Electric Wiring Insulation Chalkboards Roofing Shingles Roofing Felt Base Flashing Thermal Paper Products Fire Doors Caulking/Putties Adhesives Wallboard Joint Compounds Vinyl Wall Coverings Spackling Compounds Training Services International, Inc

8 Notes Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Asbestos Materials in Commercial & School Buildings USEPA Diagram Asbestos Materials in Residential Buildings USEPA Diagram Training Services International, Inc

9 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Notes Three Categories of ACM Used in Buildings The EPA and OSHA recognize three categories of ACM; surfacing materials, thermal system insulation, and miscellaneous materials. These categories are based on the application and use of the asbestos materials. Surfacing materials and TSI are more regulated than miscellaneous materials. A description of these materials is listed below. Surfacing Materials These materials were sprayed or toweled on surfaces (walls, ceilings, structural members) for acoustical, decorative, or fireproofing purposes. This includes plaster and fireproofing insulation. OSHA has further defined surfacing materials in a letter of interpretation (dated June 18, 1999) as materials with fibers loosely bound in the matrix. USEPA Photo USEPA Photo Thermal System Insulation (TSI) Insulation used to inhibit heat transfer or prevent condensation on pipes, boilers, tanks, ducts, and various other components of hot and cold water systems and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. This includes pipe lagging; pipe wrap; block, batt, and blanket insulation; and cements and muds. Miscellaneous Materials Other materials not surfacing or TSI. Friable examples include ceiling tile, drywall & joint compound, and fabrics. Nonfriable examples include floor tile, gaskets, roofing felt, concrete pipe, outdoor siding, and fabrics. TSI Photo Training Services International, Inc

10 Notes Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Asbestos Bans EPA bans for asbestos started in the 1970 s. Bans were implemented under the National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) The EPA Ban and Phase out Rule of In 1991 much of the Ban and Phase Out Rule was vacated and remanded by U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals. A summary of the current United States asbestos bans is listed in the following table. NESHAP Bans US Asbestos Bans Spray-applied fireproofing Spray-applied decorative uses - Preformed block pipe, boiler, tank, 1978 duct insulation Other decorative uses EPA Ban and Phase Out Rule Corrugated paper Roll board Commercial paper Examples of Products Not Banned Asbestos cement (transite) Asphalt roofing products Ceiling Tile Resilient flooring (tile & sheeting) Mastics Gaskets Wallboard & joint compound Specialty paper Flooring felt New uses of asbestos Friction products (disc brakes, brake drums, transmission parts & clutch facings) Clothing & cloth products Caulking & glazings Light concrete All other uses not mentioned in bans Enforcing the Bans The EPA or OSHA currently bans no other materials. Also EPA does not track the manufacture, processing, and distribution in commerce of asbestos-containing products. It would be prudent for consumers to use due diligence and inquire about the presence of USEPA asbestos in the products they purchase. Possible sources for this information include the product s Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and cut sheets. However, sample and analysis reports of the material may still be required by regulatory agencies. Training Services International, Inc

11 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Notes Safety Hazards Safety hazards exist on all construction activities. The asbestos control methods often increase the safety hazards in the work area. Potential hazards include: electrical considerations, ladders and scaffolding, working surfaces, fire considerations, heat related disorders, and body protection. TSI Photo Air Sampling Air sampling is performed during an abatement project to determine worker exposure, air levels prior to abatement, the effects of the abatement on air levels inside and outside the work area, and whether the work area can be deregulated. The types of samples taken during an abatement project are determined by regulatory requirements and concerns for documenting air levels before, during, and at the conclusion of the project. TSI Photos Training Services International, Inc

12 Notes Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Disposal Issues According to EPA, regulated asbestos-containing waste material has a series of requirements that must be fulfilled to properly dispose of it. These include: USEPA Photos Wet the waste so that it is saturated in the container Place the waste in leak-proof containers, usually two 6-mil plastic bags Containers must have proper OSHA, EPA, and DOT labels. The waste is to be taken and disposed of in an EPA-approved asbestos disposal site. The waste remains the property of the building owner. Paperwork, called a waste manifest, must accompany the waste until disposed and be returned to the waste generator. Training Services International, Inc

13 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Notes SECTION 5 CURRENT EVENTS Throughout the United States there are various areas identified as large-scale clean-up projects. These areas are currently being addressed by the efforts of private companies and government agencies World Trade Center/ Lower Manhattan Test and Clean Program EPA plans for area of lower Manhattan affected by World Trade Center collapse include: Test dust that may remain in Lower Manhattan homes and commercial spaces from the collapse of the World Trade Center buildings for asbestos and other contaminants. The previous test and clean program launched in 2002, cleaned and/or tested more than 4,100 homes for asbestos in the air. Coordinating the efforts for proper demolition of buildings breached by the World Trade Center. Libby, Montana USEPA photos USEPA Photos One of the largest asbestos exposure cases in US history occurred at a vermiculite mine near Libby, Montana. During the summers of 2000 and 2001, over 7,000 individuals that worked or lived in Libby, MT were evaluated. Results of the screening showed that 18% of the participants had asbestosrelated abnormalities related to a number of exposure pathways. Vermiculite consists of clay minerals that are used in: Attic & block wall insulation concrete aggregate fertilizer carriers soil conditioners potting soil Training Services International, Inc

14 Notes Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Libby Mine Facts: Opened in % world s supply of vermiculite W.R. Grace purchased in 1963 Stopped production in 1990 Stopped shipments in 1992 Contains 4 to 6% asbestos content Most known source areas near the town of Libby have been cleaned up. Currently, EPA activities include: Abatement of 794 properties by end of 2006 Removed 400,000 tons contaminated soil Screened over 3500 properties in Libby area Screen 1000 properties in Troy, MT area EPA costs over $150,000,000 USEPA Photos Libby Mine Processing Facilities ( Sons of Libby ) Assessment EPA has identified 243 sites that received Libby, Montana ore (processed or unprocessed). ATSDR has launched a National Asbestos Exposure Review for 28 of these facilities ( Sons of Libby ) to determine whether there is any residual risk. Various sites across the country have had extensive remediation projects. The pictures below are of a former Grace facility site in Minneapolis, MN and in the surrounding residential area involved in the clean-up. Phase I Sites National Map Minnesota Department of Training Services International, Inc

15 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Notes Vermiculite Insulation Consumer Awareness Campaign On May 21, 2003, the federal government launched a national consumer awareness campaign to provide homeowners with important information on vermiculite attic insulation. Recommendations to homeowners included: Do not disturb vermiculite attic insulation. If homeowners must go into attic space, limit the number, duration, and activity level of those trips. Children should not be allowed to play in an attic with open areas of vermiculite insulation. Never attempt to remove the vermiculite insulation. Hire asbestos professionals. Prior to renovations that would disturb the vermiculite, hire asbestos professionals to safely remove the material. Naturally Occurring Asbestos (NOA) in California Naturally-occurring asbestos has been found in soil in various parts of the United States. Some of the areas of concern are developed urban areas. One area of concern regarding NOA is the El Dorado Hills community which includes residential property, schools, and recreational areas. The EPA assessed several outdoor public areas, focusing on places where asbestos exposures to children could occur. The EPA assessed sports venues, playgrounds, and gardens at schools, parks, and playgrounds. Results of testing shows that asbestos fibers were found in almost all the samples collected. The Clear Creek Management Area (CCMA) in San Benito and Fresno Counties is located on one of the largest naturally occurring asbestos deposits in the world. The rugged terrain overlying this 30,000-acre serpentine deposit is used by thousands of visitors each year. There have been asbestos exposure concerns and warning sings are posted throughout the area. Blasting in asbestos areas USEPA photo of testing for airborne asbestos Training Services International, Inc

16 Notes Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Litigation The most recent information on asbestos litigation is available from a report issued by the RAND Institute for Civil Justice on May 10, Some of the statistics reported Include: Over 730,000 people in the US have filed claims Claims cost businesses over $70 billion by the end of 2002 Claimants receive about $0.42/ $1.00 spent on litigation Defense costs are about $0.31/ $1.00 Plaintiff attorneys and other related costs are about $0.27/ $ % of all new claims by people with no cancerous injuries that have not hampered daily activities, but may have a detected lung abnormality Mesothelioma cases doubled , still small percentage Increasing claims brought by non-asbestos trades where asbestos was in workplace, most claims from asbestos handling workers Training Services International, Inc

17 Asbestos Awareness 04/09 Notes Trraiiniing Serrviices IIntterrnattiionall,, IInc. This manual has been developed to meet the OSHA and EPA requirements for working in buildings with asbestos and performing cleaning activities involving asbestos. It serves as a guide for workers, supervisors, and building owners to address these issues in accordance with industry standards. This manual contains current industry standards and references to EPA and OSHA regulations. Due to the constantly changing nature of government regulations, interpretations, and standards, the publisher and editors do not assume any responsibility and shall not be held liable in any degree for any loss or injury caused during the performance of the work practices addressed herein. All rights reserved. Neither the publication nor any part thereof may be reproduced in any manner for distribution for outside company use without prior written permission of the publisher. EPA & OSHA information, United States laws and regulations published as promulgated are in public domain. However, their compilation and arrangement along with other materials in this publication are subject to the copyright notice. Manual originally developed 02/03, revised 08/05, 04/09. Printed in the United States Training Services International, Inc

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