Table of Contents. Chapter 1: Introduction Facilities Plan Facilities Plan Report

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1 Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Purpose Description and Responsibilities of Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District History of Facilities Planning Master Facilities Plan Milwaukee Estuary Study Facilities Plan Purpose and Need 2020 Facilities Plan Watershed Approach to Facilities Planning Planning Objective Relationship to the Regional Water Quality Management Plan Update Public Involvement Technical Advisory Team Technical Advisory Committee Watershed Officials Forum Citizens Advisory Council Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Facilities Planning Policy Committee Newsletter Use Web Sites Public Information Meetings and Hearings Conferences Oversight Committee Planning Principles Description of Planning Process Plan Organization Chapter 1 Figures 1-1 SEWRPC Approved MMSD 2007 Sewer Service Area Proposed New Watershed Rule i

2 1-3 Greater Milwaukee Watersheds Evaluating FPOPs Integrated Committee Structure Planning Process Common Elements Planning Process with Shared Public Involvement MMSD 2020 Facilities Plan Organization Chapter 2: Description of Planning Area Introduction Relationship between the 2020 Facilities Plan and Regional Water Quality Management Plan Update Section 201 Plan Section 208 Plan Watershed Planning Water Quality Initiative Facilities Planning Area and Regional Water Quality Management Plan Update Study Area Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Planning Area Regional Water Quality Management Plan Update Study Area Boundary Definitions Description of Planning Units Civil Divisions and Watershed Area within the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Planning Area Demography Land Use Chapter 2 Figures 2-1 SEWRPC Approved MMSD 2007 Sewer Service Area Greater Milwaukee Watersheds ii

3 Chapter 2 Tables 2-1 Area and Percent of Watersheds by Civil Division within the 2020 Planning Area Populations and Households by Civil Divisions: MMSD Planning Area Residential Land Use Commercial and Other Land Uses Open Space and Other Land Use Chapter 3: Analytical Methods/Data Sources Introduction Treatment System Flow Development Wasteload Development Conveyance System Conveyance Analysis Watercourse System Surface Water Quality Surface Water Quality Analysis Sources of Pollution to Surface Water Surface Water Quantity Biological Conditions in Surface Water Stream Habitat Conditions Riparian Corridor Conditions Digital Library Chapter 3 Tables 3-1 Treatment System Data Sources and Tools Conveyance Evaluation Data Sources and Tools iii

4 Chapter 4: Watershed Assessment: Historical and Existing Conditions Introduction Conveyance Metropolitan Interceptor Sewer Near Surface Collector System Inline Storage System Treatment Description Jones Island Wastewater Treatment Plant South Shore Wastewater Treatment Plant Watershed Environmental Setting Water Quality Issues Types of Water Pollution Sources of Water Pollution Water Quality Analysis Kinnickinnic River Watershed Water Quality Kinnickinnic River Watershed Aquatic Biological Conditions Kinnickinnic River Watershed Streambank and Streambed Characteristics and Dams Kinnickinnic River Point Source Pollution Kinnickinnic River Watershed Nonpoint Source Pollution - Kinnickinnic River Watershed Menomonee River Watershed Water Quality Menomonee River Watershed Aquatic Biological Conditions Menomonee River Watershed Streambank and Streambed Characteristics and Dams Menomonee River Point Source Pollution Menomonee River Watershed Nonpoint Source Pollution Menomonee River Watershed Milwaukee River Watershed Water Quality Milwaukee River Watershed Aquatic and Terrestrial Biological Conditions Milwaukee River Watershed Streambank and Streambed Characteristics and Dams Milwaukee River Point Source Pollution Milwaukee River Watershed Nonpoint Source Pollution Menomonee River Watershed iv

5 4.7 Oak Creek Watershed Water Quality Oak Creek Watershed Aquatic and Terrestrial Biological Conditions Oak Creek Watershed Streambank and Streambed Characteristics and Dams Oak Creek Point Source Pollution Oak Creek Watershed Nonpoint Source Pollution Oak Creek Watershed Root River Watershed Water Quality Root River Watershed Aquatic and Terrestrial Biological Conditions Root River Watershed Streambank and Streambed Characteristics and Dams Root River Point Source Pollution Root River Watershed Nonpoint Source Pollution Root River Watershed Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area / Estuary Water Quality Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area / Estuary Aquatic and Terrestrial Biological Conditions Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area / Estuary Streambank and Streambed Characteristics and Dams Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area / Estuary Point Source Pollution Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area / Estuary Nonpoint Source Pollution Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area / Estuary Description of Terrestrial Environment Topography Geology Hydrologic Soil Groups Floodlands Park and Open Space Groundwater Description of Biota and Habitat Environmental Corridors Isolated Natural Resource Areas Woodlands and Wetlands Known Natural Areas and Critical Species Habitats Endangered and Threatened Species and Species of Concern v

6 4.12 Description of Demographic and Cultural Environment Civil Divisions Population Areas Served by Sanitary Sewer Planned Sewer Service Areas Areas Served by Water Utilities Stormwater Management Systems Active Solid Waste Disposal Sites Historical Sites Modeled Existing Water Quality Kinnickinnic River Menomonee River Milwaukee River Oak Creek Root River Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area Pollutant Loading Data Kinnickinnic River Menomonee River Milwaukee River Oak Creek Root River Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area Chapter 4 Figures 4-1 Greater Milwaukee Watersheds MMSD Planning Area Areas Served by Combined or Sanitary Sewerage Systems in the MMSD Planning Area Treatment Plant Service Areas for Potential Operations Civil Divisions within the MMSD Planning Area Planned Sewer Service Area within the MMSD Planning Area KK Surface Waters and Subwatersheds within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Sampling Sites Used for Water Quality Analysis within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed vi

7 4-8-KK Fecal Coliform Bacteria Concentrations along the Mainstem of the Kinnickinnic River: KK Biochemical Oxygen Demand at Sites along the Mainstem of the Kinnickinnic River: KK Total Suspended Solids Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Kinnickinnic River: KK Total Nitrogen Concentrations at Site along the Mainstem of the Kinnickinnic River: KK Total Phosphorus Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Kinnickinnic River: KK Total Copper Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Kinnickinnic River: KK Channel Bed Material within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Streambank and Streambed Stability Conditions within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Riparian Corridor Widths within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Dams and Drop Structures within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Sanitary and Combined Sewer Overflow Locations within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Modeled WPDES Point Sources of Pollution within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Existing 2000 Land Use within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Solid Waste Disposal Sites within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed ME Surface Waters and Subwatersheds within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Sampling Sites Used for Water Quality Analysis within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Fecal Coliform Bacteria Concentrations along the Mainstem of the Menomonee River: ME Biochemical Oxygen Demand at Sites along the Mainstem of the Menomonee River: ME Total Suspended Solids Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Menomonee River: ME Total Nitrogen Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Menomonee River: ME Total Phosphorus Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Menomonee River: ME Total Copper Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Menomonee River: ME Channel Bed Material Conditions within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Streambank and Streambed Stability Conditions within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Riparian Corridor Widths within the Menomonee River Watershed vii

8 4-17-ME Dams and Drop Structures within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Sanitary and Combined Sewer Overflow Locations within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Modeled WPDES Point Sources of Pollution within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Existing 2000 Land Use within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Solid Waste Disposal Sites within the Menomonee River Watershed MI Surface Waters and Subwatersheds within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Sampling Sites Used for Water Quality Analysis within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Fecal Coliform Bacteria Concentrations along the Mainstem of the Milwaukee River: MI Biochemical Oxygen Demand at Sites along the Mainstem of the Milwaukee River: MI Total Suspended Solids Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Milwaukee River: MI Total Nitrogen Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Milwaukee River: MI Total Phosphorus Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Milwaukee River: MI Total Copper Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Milwaukee River: MI Channel Bed Material within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Streambank and Streambed Stability Conditions within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Riparian Corridor Widths within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Dams and Drop Structures within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Sanitary and Combined Sewer Overflow Locations within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Modeled WPDES Point Sources of Pollution within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Existing 2000 Land Use within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Solid Waste Disposal Sites within the Milwaukee River Watershed OC Surface Waters and Subwatersheds within the Oak Creek Watershed OC Sampling Sites Used for Water Quality Analysis within the Oak Creek Watershed OC Fecal Coliform Bacteria Concentrations along the Mainstem of Oak Creek: OC Biochemical Oxygen Demand at Sites along the Mainstem of Oak Creek: OC Total Suspended Solids Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of Oak Creek: viii

9 4-11-OC Total Nitrogen Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of Oak Creek: OC Total Phosphorus Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of Oak Creek: OC Total Copper Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of Oak Creek: OC Channel Bed Material within the Oak Creek Watershed OC Streambank and Streambed Stability Conditions within the Oak Creek Watershed OC Riparian Corridor Widths within the Oak Creek Watershed OC Dams and Drop Structures within the Oak Creek Watershed OC Modeled WPDES Point Sources of Pollution within the Oak Creek Watershed OC Existing 2000 Land Use within the Oak Creek Watershed OC Solid Waste Disposal Sites within the Oak Creek Watershed RR Surface Waters and Subwatersheds within the Root River Watershed RR Sampling Sites Used for Water Quality Analysis within the Root River Watershed RR Fecal Coliform Bacteria Concentrations along the Mainstem of the Root River: RR Biochemical Oxygen Demand at Sites along the Mainstem of the Root River: RR Total Suspended Solids Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Root River: RR Total Nitrogen Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Root River: RR Total Phosphorus Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Root River: RR Total Copper Concentrations at Sites along the Mainstem of the Root River: RR Channel Bed Material within the Root River Watershed RR Streambank and Streambed Stability Conditions within the Root River Watershed RR Riparian Corridor Widths within the Root River Watershed RR Dams and Drop Structures within the Root River Watershed RR Sanitary and Combined Sewer Overflow Locations within the Root River Watershed RR Modeled WPDES Point Sources of Pollution within the Root River Watershed RR Existing 2000 Land Use within the Root River Watershed RR Solid Waste Disposal Sites within the Root River Watershed DD Surface Waters within the Area Directly Tributary to Lake Michigan ix

10 4-7-DD Monitoring Stations within the Milwaukee Outer Harbor and Adjacent Lake Michigan Nearshore Areas DD Monitoring Stations within the Area Directly Tributary to Lake Michigan DD Beaches Monitored within the Area Directly Tributary to Lake Michigan DD Trends in Lake Michigan Water Levels: DD Fecal Coliform Bacteria in the Milwaukee Outer Harbor and Adjacent Lake Michigan Area: DD Fecal Coliform Bacteria at Sites in the Nearshore Lake Michigan: DD Fecal Coliform Bacteria in Lake Michigan off the South Shore Wastewater Treatment Plant: DD Fecal Coliform Bacteria at Sites along Fish Creek: DD Concentrations of E. Coli at Sites in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary, Outer Harbor, and Adjacent Lake Michigan Nearshore Areas: July 5, DD Concentrations of E. Coli at Sites in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary, Outer Harbor, and Adjacent Lake Michigan Nearshore Areas: May 14, DD Biochemical Oxygen Demand at Sites in the Milwaukee Outer Harbor and Adjacent Lake Michigan Area: DD Biochemical Oxygen Demand in Lake Michigan off the South Shore Wastewater Treatment Plant: DD Biochemical Oxygen Demand at Sites along Fish Creek: DD Concentrations of Total Suspended Solids at Sites in the Milwaukee Outer Harbor and Adjacent Lake Michigan Area: DD Concentrations of Total Suspended Solids at Sites along Fish Creek: DD Total Nitrogen Concentrations at Sites in the Milwaukee Outer Harbor and Adjacent Lake Michigan Area: DD Total Nitrogen Concentrations at Sites in the Nearshore Lake Michigan: DD Total Nitrogen Concentrations in Lake Michigan off the South Shore Wastewater Treatment Plant: DD Total Nitrogen Concentrations at Sites along Fish Creek: DD Total Phosphorus Concentrations at Sites in the Milwaukee Outer Harbor and Adjacent Lake Michigan Area: DD Total Phosphorus Concentrations at Sites in the Nearshore Lake Michigan: DD Total Phosphorus Concentrations in Lake Michigan off the South Shore Wastewater Treatment Plant: DD Total Phosphorus Concentrations at Sites along Fish Creek: DD Concentrations of Copper at Sites in the Milwaukee Outer Harbor and Adjacent Lake Michigan Area: DD Copper Concentrations at Sites in the Nearshore Lake Michigan: DD Copper Concentrations in Lake Michigan off the South Shore Wastewater Treatment Plant: x

11 4-33-DD Copper Concentrations at Sites along Fish Creek: DD Closings and Advisories at Lake Michigan Beaches: DD Concentrations of E. Coli at Lake Michigan Beaches: DD Milwaukee Area Beach Advisories: DD Channel Bed Material within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Streambank and Streambed Stability Conditions within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Dams and Drop Structures within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Sanitary and Combined Sewer Overflow Locations within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Modeled WPDES Point Sources of Pollution within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Existing 2000 Land Use within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Solid Waste Disposal Sites within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area Topographic Characteristics within the MMSD Planning Area Slope Analysis and Wetlands within the MMSD Planning Area Bedrock Geology within the MMSD Planning Area Hydrologic Soil Groups within the MMSD Planning Area Floodlands within the MMSD Planning Area State and County Recreation and Open Space Lands within the MMSD Planning Area Aquifer Systems in Southeastern Wisconsin Environmental Corridors within the MMSD Planning Area Woodlands and Wetlands within the MMSD Planning Area Known Natural Areas and Critical Species Habitats Sites within the MMSD Planning Area Areas Served by Public and Private Water Utilities within the MMSD Planning Area Selected Stormwater Management Systems within the MMSD Planning Area Active Solid Waste Sites within the MMSD Planning Area Historic Sites and Districts within the MMSD Planning Area Historic Sites and Districts within the MMSD Planning Area Insets KK Total Phosphorus Load KK Total Suspended Solids Load KK Fecal Coliform Load KK Total Nitrogen Load KK Biochemical Oxygen Demand Load KK Total Copper Load ME Total Phosphorus Load ME Total Suspended Solids Load xi

12 4-61-ME Fecal Coliform Load ME Total Nitrogen Load ME Biochemical Oxygen Demand Load ME Total Copper Load MI Total Phosphorus Load MI Total Suspended Solids Load MI Fecal Coliform Load MI Total Nitrogen Load MI Biochemical Oxygen Demand Load MI Total Copper Load OC Total Phosphorus Load OC Total Suspended Solids Load OC Fecal Coliform Load OC Total Nitrogen Load OC Biochemical Oxygen Demand Load OC Total Copper Load RR Total Phosphorus Load RR Total Suspended Solids Load RR Fecal Coliform Load RR Total Nitrogen Load RR Biochemical Oxygen Demand Load RR Total Copper Load DD Total Phosphorus Load DD Total Suspended Solids Load DD Fecal Coliform Load DD Total Nitrogen Load DD Biochemical Oxygen Demand Load DD Total Copper Load Chapter 4 Tables 4-1-KK Sanitary Sewer Overflow Locations within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Combined Sewer Overflow Outfall Locations within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Permitted Wastewater Discharges under the WPDES Permit Programs in the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Kinnickinnic River Watershed KK Stormwater Management Information for Cities, Villages and Town within the Kinnickinnic River Watershed ME Sanitary Sewer Overflow Locations within the Menomonee River Watershed xii

13 4-2-ME Combined Sewer Overflow Outfall Locations within the Menomonee River Watershed ME Permitted Wastewater Discharges under the WPDES Permit Programs in the Menomonee River Watershed ME WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Menomonee River Watershed ME Stormwater Management Information for Cities, Villages and Towns within the Menomonee River Watershed MI Sanitary Sewer Overflow Locations within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Combined Sewer Overflow Outfall Locations within the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Permitted Wastewater Discharges under the WPDES Permit Programs in the Milwaukee River Watershed MI WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Milwaukee River Watershed MI Stormwater Management Information for Cities, Villages and Towns within the Milwaukee River Watershed OC Permitted Wastewater Discharges under the WPDES Permit Programs in the Oak Creek Watershed OC WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Oak Creek Watershed OC Stormwater Management Information for Cities, Villages and Towns within the Oak Creek Watershed RR Sanitary Sewer Overflow Locations within the Root River Watershed RR Permitted Wastewater Discharges under the WPDES Permit Programs in the Root River Watershed RR WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Root River Watershed RR Stormwater Management Information for Cities, Villages and Towns within the Root River Watershed DD Sanitary Sewer Overflow Locations within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Combined Sewer Overflow Outfall Locations within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Permitted Wastewater Discharges under the WPDES Permit Programs in the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area DD Stormwater Management Information for Cities, Villages and Towns within the Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area Park and Open Space Land by Watershed within the MMSD Planning Area Environmental Corridors and Isolated Resource Areas within the MMSD Planning Area Natural Areas and Critical Species Habitats by Watershed within the MMSD Planning Area Endangered and Threatened Species and Species of Special Concern within the Greater Milwaukee Watersheds xiii

14 4-10 Square Miles and Percent of Watersheds by Civil Divisions within the 2020 Planning Area Residential Land Use by Civil Division within the MMSD Planning Area Commercial, Industrial, Institutional/Governmental, and Communications/Utility Land Use by Civil Division within the MMSD Planning Area Open Space, Freeway, Transportation, Recreation, Agricultural, and Landfill Land Use by Civil Division within the MMSD Planning Area Populations and Households by Civil Division within the MMSD Planning Area Public and Private Sewerage Facilities within the MMSD Planning Area Historic Sites and Districts on the National Register of Historic Places by Watershed within the MMSD Planning Area Overview Table Loading in All Watersheds KK Total Loads for Kinnickinnic River Watershed ME Total Loads for Menomonee River Watershed MI Total Loads for Milwaukee River Watershed OC Total Loads for Oak Creek Watershed RR Total Loads for Root River Watershed DD Total Loads for Lake Michigan Direct Drainage Area Chapter 4 Appendices 4A Modeled Water Quality Data... 4A-1 Chapter 5: Watershed Assessment - Future Condition Introduction Planning Area Population and Land Uses Existing 2000 Population and Land Use Data Sets Baseline and Buildout Population and Land Use Data Sets Baseline and Revised 2020 Baseline Population and Land Use Data Sets Summary Data for all Communities Chapter 5 Figures 5-1 Population Distribution within the MMSD Planning Area Existing 2000 Land Use within the MMSD Planning Area Future 2020 Land Use within the MMSD Planning Area Population Projections xiv

15 Chapter 5 Tables 5-1 Commercial and Industrial Land Acreages in the MMSD by Civil Division: Existing 2000, 2020 Baseline, Buildout, and Revised 2020 Baseline Population and Households in the MMSD by Civil Division: Existing 2000, 2020 Baseline, Buildout and Revised 2020 Baseline Flow and Wasteload Analysis for the MMSD Planning Area Chapter 5 Appendices 5A Facility Plan Population, Household, and Selected Land Use Mapping and Data Development Process Memorandum... 5A-1 5B Revised 2020 Baseline Population and Land Use...5B-1 5C SEWRPC Transmittal Regarding 2020 Population Projections...5C-1 5D Population Land Use and Sewershed Data by Community... 5D-1 5E Sewershed Flow Development...5E-1 Chapter 6: Regulations and Permits Introduction Regulations and Permits Directly Applicable to Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Conveyance System Treatment Plants Facilities Stormwater Permits Permits for In-Stream Work Other Regulations, Permits, and Standards Relevant to the Planning Process MMSD Rules Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) Stormwater Permits Water Quality Standards Nonpoint Source Performance Standards Groundwater Management Inventories U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Dredging Program Chapter 6 Tables xv

16 6-1 Percent Reductions in Pollutant Concentrations WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Kinnickinnic River Watershed WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Menomonee River Watershed WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Milwaukee River Watershed WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Oak Creek Watershed WPDES Permitted Stormwater Facilities in the Root River Watershed Chapter 7: Goals and Objectives Introduction Role of Goals and Objectives in Alternatives Development and Evaluation Water Quality Initiative Committees Citizens Advisory Council Technical Advisory Team Watershed Officials Forum Facilities Planning Policy Committee Development of Goals and Objectives Steps 1-3: Initial Development Activities Steps 4-7: Refining Watershed Goals and Objectives Step 8: Present at Public Information Meetings Steps 9-11: Synthesis of Final Goals and Objectives Stakeholder Outreach Activities and Materials Meetings and Briefings Outreach Materials List of Goals and Objectives Chapter 7 Figures 7-1 Advisory Committee Structure Developing Watershed Goals and Objectives xvi

17 Chapter 7 Tables 7-1 WQI Goals and Objectives Public Information Meeting Schedule Goals and Objectives for the Regional Water Quality Management Plan Update and 2020 Facilities Plan Chapter 7 Appendices 7A Citizens Advisory Council... 7A-1 7B Technical Advisory Team...7B-1 7C Watershed Officials Forum...7C-1 7D Facilities Planning Policy Committee... 7D-1 7E Goals and Objectives Rollup Report May E-1 7F Locations of Stakeholder Meetings...7F-1 7G Watershed Planning Conference Information... 7G-1 7H Watershed Quality Initiative Newsletters... 7H-1 7I Watershed Booklets...7I-1 7J Project Website Sample Screenshots...7J-1 7K Examples Broadcast Message... 7K-1 7L Examples of Print Media Coverage of 2020 Facilities Planning Efforts...7L-1 Chapter 8: Common Facilities, Programs, Operational Improvements, and Policies for the Recommended Plan Introduction Committed Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Projects Community-Based Requirements Recommended Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Conveyance and Treatment Projects Watercourse Plan Other Recommended Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Projects Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs, Operational Improvements and Policies xvii

18 Chapter 8 Tables 8-1 Committed Conveyance and Treatment Projects for the Recommended Plan Committed Watercourse Projects for the Recommended Plan Community-Based Components of the Recommended Plan Recommended Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Conveyance and Treatment Projects Included in 2007 Annual Budget Concrete Lined Channel Projects Recommended Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Watercourse Plan Projects Other Recommended Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Projects (Costs are Based upon 2020 Facilities Plan Evaluation) Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs, Operational Improvements and Policies Chapter 8 Appendices 8A 2005 Satellite Stipulation... 8A-1 8B NR 151 Implementation Description...8B-1 8C Flow Monitoring System Improvements...8C-1 8D Annual Replacement/Reinvestment Cost Memorandum... 8D-1 CHAPTER 9: ALTERNATIVES DEVELOPMENT Introduction Alternative Development Process Process Overview Technology Analysis Development of Screening Alternatives Identification of Publicly Inspired Goals and Objectives Development of Preliminary Alternatives Applicable Regulations and Permits Considered Evaluation Methodology Step 1: Strategies for the Goals and Objectives Step 2: Differentiation of the Goals and Objectives xviii

19 9.3.3 Step 3: Rating the Goals and Objectives Step 4: Alternatives Measures Development Development of Alternatives Alternative Development Overview Alternative A 2020 Baseline (No Further Action) Alternatives B1/B2 Meet Discharge and Nonpoint Regulations Alternatives C1/C2 Meet Water Quality Objectives Preliminary Alternative Water Quality Analysis Comparison Preliminary Alternative Cost Comparisons Preliminary Alternative Evaluation Evaluation Matrix Comparison Summary and Analysis Relative (Quartile Scoring) Comparison Summary Matrix Analysis Summary Public Input and Review for Alternatives Development Development of the Recommended Plan Introduction Population and Land Use Reevaluation for Recommended Plan Details on the Recommended Plan Development Infiltration and Inflow System-Wide Cost Effectiveness Analysis and Recommendations Overview of Key Regulatory Issues Level of Protection Regulatory Standard Regulatory Analysis of the Recommended Level of Protection Impact of System Operations on Sanitary Sewer Overflow Level of Protection Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Requirements for 2020 Facilities Plan Water Quality and Pollutant Loading Summary for the Recommended Plan Pollutant Loading for the Recommended Plan Water Quality of the Recommended Plan Scoring of the Recommended Plan Alternatives Recommended Plan Elements The 2020 Recommended Plan Summary Public Input on the Recommended Plan xix

20 Chapter 9 Figures Baseline Fecal Coliform Loads Alternative B1 Fecal Coliform Loads Alternative B1 (MMSD Only) Fecal Coliform Loads Alternative B2 Fecal Coliform Loads Alternative C1 Fecal Coliform Loads Alternative C2 Fecal Coliform Loads Layout of Facilities Plan Chapter Cost Benefit Curves for SSO Volume Removed Cost Benefit Curves for CSO Volume Removed Cost of Screening Alternatives to End Overflows Simulated Tunnel-Related SSO Volume and Event Frequency: Recommended Plan Facilities for a 5-year LOP Volume-based Recurrence Interval for Excess Wastewater Volume Cost of Technology Combinations to Achieve 5-year LOP MACRO Cost Effectiveness of I/I Reduction Total Cost for 5-year LOP MACRO Cost Effectiveness of I/I Reduction Total Cost for 10-year LOP Rainfall Depth and Recurrence Interval Relationships for Southeastern Wisconsin Comparison of 24-hour Rainfall Recurrence Interval to Excess Wastewater Volume Recurrence Interval MMSD Cost vs. Percent of SSO Volume Removed Baseline Fecal Coliform Loads Revised 2020 Baseline Fecal Coliform Loads Revised 2020 Baseline with Revised Operations Fecal Coliform Loads Revised 2020 Baseline with 5-year LOP Fecal Coliform Loads Revised 2020 Baseline with 10-year LOP Fecal Coliform Loads Chapter 9 Tables 9-1 Screening Alternatives Preliminary Alternatives Identified Strategies for the Goals and Objectives Categorization of Goals, Objectives, and Strategies xx

21 9-5 Committee Goal Ratings Scores and Corresponding Rankings of Objectives Normalized Weights for Objectives Scoring Weights for Actions for Alternative Differentiators Primary Sources of Pollutants to Local Waterways Baseline, Average Annual Pollutant Loads - Fecal Coliform Baseline, Average Annual Pollutant Loads - Total Phosphorus Baseline, Average Annual Pollutant Loads - Total Suspended Solids Baseline, Average Annual Pollutant Loads - Total Nitrogen Baseline, Average Annual Pollutant Loads - Total Biochemical Oxygen Demand Baseline, Average Annual Pollutant Loads - Total Copper Baseline, Average Annual Pollutant Loads - Watershed Summary Baseline Estimated Present Worth Costs Alternative B Variations Descriptions Comparison of Water Quality Standards Compliance for Complete Elimination of SSO Versus A 5-Year LOP For SSO Comparison of Sanitary Sewer Overflow and Combined Sewer Overflow Volumes and Frequencies under Alternatives B1 and B Alternative B Facilities, Programs, Operational Improvements, and Policies Comparison Alternative B1/B1 MMSD Only/B2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Fecal Coliform Alternative B1/B1 MMSD Only/B2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Total Phosphorus Alternative B1/B1 MMSD Only/B2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Total Suspended Solids Alternative B1/B1 MMSD Only/B2 Average Annual Pollutant Loads Total Nitrogen Alternative B1/B1 MMSD Only/B2 Average Annual Pollutant Loads Biochemical Oxygen Demand Alternative B1/B1 MMSD Only/B2 Average Annual Pollutant Loads Copper Alternative B1/B1 MMSD Only/B2 Average Annual Pollutant Loads Watershed Summary Alternative B Preliminary Cost Estimates, Millions $ xxi

22 9-30 Alternative C Variations Descriptions Comparison of SSO and CSO Volumes and Frequencies under Alternatives C1 and C Alternative C Facilities, Programs, Operational Improvements, and Policies Comparison Alternative C1/C2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Fecal Coliform Alternative C1/C2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Total Phosphorus Alternative C1/C2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Total Suspended Solids Alternative C1/C2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Total Nitrogen Alternative C1/C2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Total Biochemical Oxygen Demand Alternative C1/C2, Average Annual Pollutant Loads Total Copper Alternative C1/C2 Average Annual Pollutant Loads Watershed Summary Alternative C1 and C2 Preliminary Cost Estimates, $ Millions Alternative Comparison Regarding SSO and CSO Frequencies/Volumes Alternative Preliminary Cost Estimate Comparison Evaluation Matrix Scoring System of Days Meeting Standard Evaluation Matrix Scoring System for TN and TP Loads Subjective Scoring Categories Raw Watershed Scores Study Area-Wide Score Sums of Watershed Scores Study Area-Wide Score Normalized to 10-Point Scale Scoring of Subjective Goals Water Quality and Subjective Scoring Combined Study Area-Wide Score, Normalized to 10-Point Scale Quartiles Method Scores Based on River, Estuary, and Beach Locations Summary by Watersheds across all Parameters (Normalized to 10-Point Scale) Matrix Analysis Summary Summary of Citizens Advisory Council Meetings for Alternatives Development Schedule of Municipal Government Briefings on Alternatives Public Information Meeting Schedule Selected Alternatives Survey Results Community Outreach Meetings Summary Water Quality Analysis: 2020 Baseline Compared to Revised 2020 Baseline xxii

23 9-59 Facilities Combinations for Screening Alternatives 1B and 1C Operational Parameters and Simulation Conditions for the Recommended Facilities for a 5-Year Level of Protection Simulated Combined Sewer Overflow Performance Cost of Recommended Facilities and Operations, 5-Year Level of Protection Cost of Alternative Facilities and Operations, 10-Year Level of Protection Additional Facilities for a 5-Year Level of Protection with Various Degrees of Infiltration and Inflow Reduction Additional Facilities for a 10-Year Level of Protection with Various Degrees of Infiltration and Inflow Reduction Cost and Average Annual Sanitary Sewer Overflow Volume Unusual Wet Weather Events: Simulated Sanitary Sewer Overflows in the Recommended 5-Year Level of Protection Plan MACRO Modeling Results for Various VRSSI Assumptions Water Quality Projections under Revised 2020 Baseline 5-Year and 10-Year Level of Protection Pollutant Loading Comparison, Fecal Coliform Loading Percent for the Entire Watershed Fecal Coliform Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Comparison of Baselines with Revised System Operations Fecal Coliform Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Revised 2020 Baseline with 5-year and 10-year LOP Total Phosphorus Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Comparison of Baselines with Revised System Operations Total Phosphorus Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Revised 2020 Baseline with 5-year and 10-year LOP Total Suspended Solids Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Comparison of Baselines with Revised System Operations Total Suspended Solids Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Revised 2020 Baseline with 5-year and 10-year LOP Total Nitrogen Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Comparison of Baselines with Revised Operations Total Nitrogen Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Revised 2020 Baseline with 5-year and 10-year LOP Total Biochemical Oxygen Demand Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Comparison of Baselines with Revised System Operations xxiii

24 9-80 Total Biochemical Oxygen Demand Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Revised 2020 Baseline with 5-year and 10-year LOP Total Copper Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Comparison of Baselines with Revised System Operations Total Copper Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Revised 2020 Baseline with 5-year and 10-year LOP Summary Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Comparison of Baselines with Revised System Operations Summary Loading Data for Recommended Plan Alternatives Revised 2020 Baseline with 5-year and 10-year LOP Raw Watershed Scores Study Area-Wide Score Sums of Watershed Scores Study Area-Wide Score Scoring of Subjective Goals Water Quality and Subjective Scoring Combined Study Area-Wide Score, Normalized to 10-Point Scale Quartiles Method Scores Based on River, Estuary, and Beach Locations Summary by Watersheds Across All Parameters Matrix Analysis Summary, All Scores Normalized to a 10 Point Scale Summary of Committee Meetings on Draft Recommended Plan Chapter 9 Appendices 9A Screening Alternatives... 9A-1 9B Modeled Water Quality Data: Screening Alternatives...9B-1 9C Modeled Water Quality Data: Preliminary Alternatives...9C-1 9D Preliminary Alternative Evaluation Details... 9D-1 9E Modeled Water Quality Data: Recommended Plan Alternatives...9E-1 9F Sanitary Sewer Overflow Level of Protection Definitions and Recommendation...9F-1 9G Rainfall Design Storm 10-year Recurrence Interval Rain Depth Analysis of 5-year LOP Recommended Plan System Performance... 9G-1 Chapter 10: Recommended 2020 Facilities Plan Introduction and Plan Summary Background xxiv

25 Summary of Recommended Plan Wet Weather Control Plan Wet Weather Control Plan Recommended Facilities Wet Weather Control Plan Recommended Programs, Operational Improvements and Policies Plan for Potential Improvement to Existing MMSD Facilities Biosolids Plan Watercourse Plan Best Management Practices New Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs and Policies to be Implemented Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs and Policies to be Maintained Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Operations to be Continued Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Committed Projects Community-Based Elements Environmental Assessment Implementation Recommended Plan Impact on Water Quality Scoring Chapter 10 Figures 10-1 Methodology Recommended for I/I Standard Development Chapter 10 Tables 10-1 Summary of 2020 FP Recommendations New FPOPs Identified by 2020 FP Summary of Existing FPOPs Recommended by 2020 FP to be Continued Wet Weather Control Plan Facilities Wet Weather Control Plan Programs, Operational Improvements and Policies Plan for Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Facilities Project Elements for Interim Biosolids Management Plan Watercourse Plan Best Management Practices Plan New Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs and Policies xxv

26 10-10 Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs and Policies to be Maintained Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Operations to be Continued Community-Based Components of the Recommended Plan Combined Water Quality and Subjective Scores of the Recommended Plan Chapter 10 Appendices 10A Combined Sewer Overflow Long-Term Control Plan... 10A-1 Chapter 11: 2020 Facilities Plan Implementation Introduction MMSD Capital Project Implementation Schedules Wet Weather Control Plan Implementation Wet Weather Control Plan Recommended Facilities Wet Weather Control Plan Recommended Programs, Operational Improvements and Policies Implementation Implementation Plan for Potential Improvements to Existing MMSD Facilities Interim Biosolids Plan Watercourse Plan Best Management Practices New Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs and Policies to be Implemented Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs and Policies to be Maintained Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Operations to be Continued Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Committed Projects Impact of Recommended Plan on Staffing Requirements Financing Plans Introduction State of Wisconsin Clean Water Fund Program Direct Federal Line-Item Grant Financing Plans and Impact to Users xxvi

27 11.14 Implementation of Combined MMSD 2020 FP and SEWRPC RWQMPU Implementation of a Watershed Approach Introduction Future of the Watershed Booklets Watershed Action Plan Tracking and Evaluating Implementation Efforts Summary Chapter 11 Figures Recommended Plan Adaptive Implementation Schedule Recommended Plan Full Implementation Schedule Chapter 11 Tables 11-1 Summary of Costs for both Adaptive and Full Implementation Schedules Potential Metropolitan Interceptor Sewer Conveyance Recommendations for a 5-Year Level of Protection under Full Growth and Ultimate Buildout Conditions Wet Weather Control Plan Recommended Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs, Operational Improvements, and Policies Recommended Implementation New Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs and Policies Recommended Implementation Recommended Existing Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Programs and Policies to be Maintained Summary of Key 2020 FP Recommendations Capital Costs, $ Millions for 2020 Facilities Plan Elements Only Estimated Yearly Financial Impact on Typical Customer for all MMSD Spending 2008 through the Year Chapter 11 Appendices 11A Full and Adaptive Long-Range Financing Plans... 11A-1 11B Integrated Watershed Implementation Plan Analysis Workshop Notes...11B-1 11C Proposed 2020 Facilities Plan Tracking Activities...11C-1 xxvii

28 Chapter 12: MMSD Final Recommended 2020 Facilities Plan Summary of Changes to the Draft Recommended 2020 Facilities Plan MMSD Sewer Service Area and Planning Area Changes MMSD Sewer Service Area Changes MMSD Planning Area Changes Changes to 2020 Baseline and Buildout Population and Land Use Public Comment on the Draft Plan Public Postings and Distribution Public Hearings Written Comments Comments Received after June 1, Revisions to the Draft Recommended 2020 Facilities Plan Ryan Road MIS Relief Sewer, Conveyance Project No Clarification Regarding Ryan Creek Interceptor and Franklin/Muskego MIS Force Main Revisions to Water Quality at RI-09 and RI Final Loading Data for the Alternatives Biosolids Cost Reallocations Clarification Addition of Jones Island Wastewater Treatment Plant Capacity Analysis Addition of Cost for Concrete Channel Projects to Full Implementation Financing Plan Summary of Revisions to Recommended 2020 Facilities Plan Key Tables and Figures Chapter 12 Figures 12-1 SEWRPC Approved MMSD 2007 Baseline Sewer Service Area Project 12 Updated Sewersheds Vicinity Map Project 12 Updated 2020 Population and Land Use Ryan Road MIS 5-year Recommended Alternative Relief Sewer Project 12 Updated Ultimate Population and Land Use Ryan Road MIS 5-year Recommended Alternative Relief Sewer Recommended Plan Adaptive Implementation Schedule Recommended Plan Full Implementation Schedule xxviii