Tribal LUST Site Case Studies Pine Ridge Reservation, EPA Region Tribal Lands Forum Koos Bay, OR

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1 Tribal LUST Site Case Studies Pine Ridge Reservation, EPA Region Tribal Lands Forum Koos Bay, OR Janice Pearson, USEPA, Region 8 Underground Storage Tank Unit Chief

2 LUST Sites Pine Ridge Indian Reservation Batesland (Former Mobil Oil) Zephier s Video & Gas Denby Store Pine Ridge Oil

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4 Batesland Store (Former Mobile Oil & Gas Station) Batesland, South Dakota

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6 Bennett County Co-op A release of approximately 13,000 gallons of gasoline SD DENR designated the site a LUST Trust Fund Site Present Ongoing assessment and remedial activities overseen by SD DENR.

7 Batesland Store (Former Mobile Oil & Gas Station) 1950 s s - Tanks were reported to have leaked and impacted nearby wells Nine tanks removed and 60 cubic yards of contaminated soil excavated Site assessment completed Free-product recovered Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Pilot Study 2012 Wind and Solar Enhancement to MFC

8 Tank Removal

9 Tank Removal

10 Monitor Well Installation

11 Monitor Well Installation

12 Monitoring Wells Soil Boring/ Monitoring Well Roads Structures

13 Groundwater Elevation Groundwater Elevation Soil Boring/ Monitoring Well Roads Structures

14 TPH-GRO in Soil TPH-GRO in Soil Soil Boring/ Monitoring Well Roads Structures

15 Benzene in Groundwater Benzene in Groundwater Soil Boring/ Monitoring Well Roads Structures Extent of Free Product

16 Free-Product

17 Enhanced Fluid Recovery

18 Cumulative Total Fluid Recovery Former Mobile LUST Site Date Total Fluid Recovery (Gallons) Cumulative Total Fluid Recovery (Gallons) 10/18/ /16/ ,234 12/21/ ,681

19 Cumulative Groundwater Elevations and Free- Product Thickness Measurements Former Mobile LUST Site Monitoring Well Number Date of Measurement Depth to Free-Product (feet) Depth to Water (feet) Free Product Thickness (feet) MW-4 10/18/ /16/ /20/ MW-6 10/18/ /16/ /20/ MW-7 10/18/ /16/ /20/ MW-8 10/18/ /16/ /20/ MW-9 10/18/ /16/ /20/ MW-17 10/18/ /16/ /20/

20 Microbial Fuel Cell System

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22 SVE/AS Power Requirements Typical Service Station Site: 3,800 KWH/month $420/month Power for 4 average houses

23 MFC Remediation Power Requirements ZERO

24 Wind and Solar at Batesland

25 Monitoring Results MW-15

26 Monitoring Results MW-3

27 NEXT STEPS Continue monitoring of site Continue removing free-product from wells. Evaluating remedial technologies to select the best method to treat groundwater and soil.

28 Zephier s Video & Gas Kyle, South Dakota

29 Zephier s Video & Gas Kyle, South Dakota 1998 Removal of 1 UST 2001 Installed monitoring wells to define the extent of soil and groundwater contamination Air Sparge/Vapor Extraction Pilot Study Air Sparge/Vapor Extraction System Installed

30 Monitor Well Installation

31 Zephier s Video & Gas Kyle, South Dakota

32 Vapor Extraction Pilot Study

33 Air Sparge Pilot Study

34 Remediation System Performance June 10, 2010 August 25, 2011 Estimated 11,088 pounds of hydrocarbons mass removed or the equivalent of 1,788 gallons of gasoline.

35 Hydrocarbon Mass Removal

36 Zephier s Video & Gas Benzene Concentrations

37 Zephier s Video & Gas Clean-up goals for soil and groundwater have been met. Remediation system removed. EPA is in the process of granting closure.

38 Denby Store Denby, South Dakota

39 Denby Store Denby, South Dakota

40 Denby Store Denby, South Dakota Completed Site Assessment and Remedial Activities Removal of 5 USTs Soil Gas Survey Near Residential Buildings Excavation of Impacted Soils Installation of Monitor Wells In-Situ Chemical Oxidation Treatments Enhanced Fluid Recovery Groundwater Monitoring

41 Denby Store Denby, South Dakota

42 Denby Store Denby, South Dakota

43 Denby Store Denby, South Dakota

44 Denby Store Denby, South Dakota

45 Denby Store Denby, South Dakota Future Activities Continue groundwater monitoring and sampling.

46 Pine Ridge Oil Pine Ridge, South Dakota

47 Pine Ridge Oil Pine Ridge, South Dakota Site History 1992 Two USTs removed Eight USTs removed Site assessment completed. Three feet of product discovered Oglala Sioux Tribe request LUST Trust funds be used to avoid owner from going bankrupt Remediation system installed ,031 gallons of gasoline recovered EPA assumesoversight.

48 Pine Ridge Oil Pine Ridge, South Dakota EPA Directed Activities Groundwater monitoring and sampling. Modifications to remedial system (AS/SVE). Repair and replacement of monitor wells. Enhanced fluid recovery. Surfactant injections.

49 Pine Ridge Oil Pine Ridge, South Dakota

50 Surfactant Injections

51 Monitor Well Installation

52 Monitor Well Repair

53 Enhanced Fluid Recovery

54 Remedial Compound

55 System Replacement Parts

56 Remedial System

57 Remedial System

58 Pine Ridge III (pt 1).wmv

59 Pine Ridge III (pt 2).wmv

60 Pine Ridge Next Steps Continue Running AS/SVE Final Surfactant Injection Final EFR Event Evaluate Monitoring Results to determine if additional technologies are needed