CANADA BRITISH COLUMBIA WATER QUALITY MONITORING AGREEMENT

Transcription

1 CANADA BRITISH COLUMBIA WATER QUALITY MONITORING AGREEMENT WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF KOOTENAY RIVER NEAR FENWICK STATION ( ) Prepared by: L. G. Swain, P. Eng. B.C. Ministry of Environment Prepared for: B.C. Ministry of Environment and Environment Canada May 27 Environment Environnement Canada Canada

2 Water Quality Assessment of the EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Kootenay River at Fenwick Station flows in the Rocky Mountain Trench, draining 12, km 2 of the Rocky Mountains to the east and the Purcell Mountains to the west. It is a transboundary river, which joins the Elk River in B.C. and flows into Koocanusa Lake. This reach of the Kootenay River supports significant fisheries and is used for irrigation. The Teck-Cominco Metals Ltd. Sullivan mine, concentrator and former fertilizer complex at Kimberley in the St. Mary River watershed and the Crestbrook Forest Industry Ltd. kraft pulp mill at Skookumchuck have been the main influences on water quality. The Elk River and potential impacts from coal mining drain in downstream from Fenwick. CONCLUSIONS Lithium concentrations seem to be declining through time, possibly due to a lesser impact of groundwater on the flow regime. This needs to be confirmed by a statistician. Temperature generally exceeds guidelines during warmer summer months. Turbidity values generally exceed the guideline for the protection of source waters used for drinking, meaning that if suspended solids removal is not used, disinfection of water supplies could be compromised. Otherwise, water quality was generally good with only occasional values exceeding guidelines for ph, fecal coliforms, several metals, dissolved organic carbon, and true colour. In cases where total metal concentrations exceeded guideline values, these were generally correlated with higher turbidity concentrations, meaning that the metals were likely in particulate form and not biologically available Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement i

3 Water Quality Assessment of the RECOMMENDATIONS We recommend monitoring be continued for the since it is a trans-boundary site and to ensure that lithium either levels out or continues to decrease. Water quality indicators that are important for future monitoring are: flow, water temperature, specific conductivity, ph, turbidity, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen, phosphorus, sodium and selenium, appropriate forms of metals for comparison to their respective guidelines, and other variables related to drinking water such as colour. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The graphs in this report were prepared by Sacha Wassick of Environment Canada. The draft report was reviewed by Jolene Raggett of BC Environment and Andrea Ryan of Environment Canada. We thank these individuals for their contributions to improving this document. Tri-Star Environmental Consulting performed the final edits for the report. Any errors or omissions are the responsibility of the author. Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement ii

4 Water Quality Assessment of the TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Executive Summary...i Conclusions...i Recommendations...i Acknowledgements...ii Table of Contents...iii List of Figures...iii Introduction...1 Water Quality Assessment...3 References...9 LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure Figure 2. Water Survey of Canada Flow Data for Kootenay River at Fort Steele and Newgate...5 Figure 3. Alkalinity - Phenolphthalein...1 Figure 4. Alkalinity Total...11 Figure 5. Aluminum Total and Extractable (199 25)...12 Figure 6. Aluminum Total and Extractable (23 25)...13 Figure 7. Ammonia - Dissolved...14 Figure 8. Antimony Total and Extractable (Versus Turbidity)...15 Figure 9. Antimony Total and Extractable (Versus Specific Conductivity)...16 Figure 1. Arsenic Total and Extractable ( )...17 Figure 11. Arsenic Total and Extractable (23 25)...18 Figure 12. Barium Total and Extractable (versus Turbidity)...19 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement iii

5 Water Quality Assessment of the LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED) Page Figure 13. Barium Total and Extractable (versus Specific Conductivity)...2 Figure 14. Barium Total and Extractable...21 Figure 15. Beryllium - Total and Extractable (199 25)...22 Figure 16. Beryllium - Total and Extractable (23 25)...23 Figure 17. Bismuth Total and Extractable...24 Figure 18. Boron Total and Extractable ( )...25 Figure 19. Boron Total and Extractable (23 25)...26 Figure 2. Bromine - Dissolved...27 Figure 21. Cadmium Total and Extractable ( )...28 Figure 22. Cadmium Total and Extractable ( )...29 Figure 23., Calcium Dissolved and Extractable...3 Figure 24. Carbon Dissolved Inorganic and Organic...31 Figure 25. Carbon Dissolved Inorganic...32 Figure 26. Carbon Dissolved Organic...33 Figure 27. Chloride - Dissolved...34 Figure 28. Chromium Total and Extractable ( )...35 Figure 29. Chromium Total and Extractable ( )...36 Figure 3. Cobalt Total and Extractable (199 25)...37 Figure 31. Cobalt Total and Extractable ( )...38 Figure 32. Fecal Coliforms...39 Figure 33. Colour - Apparent...4 Figure 34. Colour Single Wavelength...41 Figure 35. Colour - True...42 Figure 36. Copper Total and Extractable ( )...43 Figure 37. Copper Total and Extractable ( )...44 Figure 38. Fluoride Dissolved and Total...45 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement iv

6 Water Quality Assessment of the LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED) Page Figure 38A. Fluoride Total...46 Figure 39. Gallium Total and Extractable ( )...47 Figure 4 Gallium Total and Extractable (23 25)...48 Figure 41. Hardness - Total...49 Figure 42. Iron Total and Extractable ( )...5 Figure 43. Iron Total and Extractable (23 25)...51 Figure 44. Lanthanum Total and Extractable ( )...52 Figure 45. Lanthanum Total and Extractable (23 25)...53 Figure 46. Lead Total and Extractable ( )...54 Figure 47. Lead Total and Extractable ( )...55 Figure 48. Lithium Total and Extractable (199 25)...56 Figure 49. Lithium Total and Extractable ( )...57 Figure 5. Magnesium Dissolved and Extractable...58 Figure 51. Manganese Total and Extractable ( )...59 Figure 52. Manganese Total and Extractable ( )...6 Figure 53. Mercury Total and Extractable...61 Figure 54. Molybdenum Total and Extractable...62 Figure 55. Nickel Total and Extractable...63 Figure 56. Niobium - Extractable...64 Figure 57. Nitrogen Dissolved Nitrate...65 Figure 58. Nitrogen Dissolved NO3 and NO Figure 59. Nitrogen - Nitrite...67 Figure 6. Nitrogen - Total...68 Figure 61. Nitrogen Total Dissolved...69 Figure 62. ph...7 Figure 63. Phosphate Dissolved Ortho...71 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement v

7 Water Quality Assessment of the LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED) Page Figure 64. Phosphorus - Dissolved Ortho...72 Figure 65. Phosphorus Total...73 Figure 66. Potassium Dissolved and Extractable...74 Figure 67. Residue - Filterable...75 Figure 68. Residue Fixed Filterable...76 Figure 69. Residue Fixed Non-Filterable...77 Figure 7. Residue Non-Filterable...78 Figure 71. Rubidium Total and Extractable...79 Figure 72. Selenium Total and Extractable ( )...8 Figure 73. Selenium Total and Extractable (23 25)...81 Figure 74. Silica Dissolved and Reactive...82 Figure 75. Silicon Extractable...83 Figure 76. Silver Total and Extractable ( )...84 Figure 77. Silver Total and Extractable (23 25)...85 Figure 78. Sodium Dissolved and Extractable ( )...86 Figure 79. Specific Conductivity...87 Figure 8. Strontium Total and Extractable (199 25)...88 Figure 81. Strontium Total and Extractable ( )...89 Figure 82. Sulphate Dissolved...9 Figure 83. Temperature Air and Water...91 Figure 84. Thallium Total and Extractable ( )...92 Figure 85. Thallium Total and Extractable (23 25)...93 Figure 86. Tin Total and Extractable (versus Specific Conductivity)...94 Figure 87. Tin Total and Extractable (versus Turbidity)...95 Figure 88. Turbidity...96 Figure 89. Uranium Total and Extractable...97 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement vi

8 Water Quality Assessment of the LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED) Page Figure 9. Vanadium Total and Extractable (199 25)...98 Figure 91. Vanadium Total and Extractable ( )...99 Figure 92. Zinc Total and Extractable ( )...1 Figure 93. Zinc Total and Extractable ( )...11 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement vii

9 Water Quality Assessment of the INTRODUCTION Since 1985, B.C. Ministry of Environment and Environment Canada have been cooperatively measuring water quality at a number of locations in British Columbia. The express purposes of this joint monitoring program have been to define the quality of the water and to determine whether there are any trends in water quality. This assessment is based on up to 22 years of water quality data during The Fenwick Station is located on the Kootenay River, which flows in the Rocky Mountain Trench, draining 12, km 2 of the Rocky Mountains to the east and the Purcell Mountains to the west. It is a transboundary river, which joins the Elk River in B.C. and flows into Koocanusa Lake. This reach of the Kootenay River supports significant fisheries and is used for irrigation. The Teck Cominco Metals Ltd. Sullivan mine, concentrator and former fertilizer complex at Kimberley in the St. Mary River watershed and the Crestbrook Forest Industry Ltd. kraft pulp mill at Skookumchuck have been the main influences on water quality. The Elk River and potential impacts from coal mining drain in downstream from Fenwick. Water quality measurements for the were plotted on a graph over time, along with the relevant water quality objectives or guidelines. The graphs were inspected for "environmentally significant" trends - where the measurements are increasing or decreasing over time and the levels are close to the objectives or guidelines, or are otherwise judged to represent an important change in water quality. These trends are further evaluated to ensure that they were not caused by measurement errors, to identify their causes, and to determine whether they are statistically significant. A confidence level of 95% or better is used to define statistical significance, unless noted otherwise. Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 1

10 Water Quality Assessment of the The water quality sampling station on the Kootenay River is located six kilometres downstream from Fort Steele. Samples are collected from the right bank (looking upstream). FIGURE 1: KOOTENAY RIVER NEAR FENWICK STATION Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 2

11 Water Quality Assessment of the WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT The state of the water quality was assessed by comparing the values to the B.C.'s approved and working guidelines (if guidelines exist for the variable) for water quality (B.C. Ministry of Environment, 26a and b), and by looking for any obvious trends in the data. Any levels or apparent trends that were found to be deleterious or potentially deleterious to sensitive water uses, including drinking water, aquatic life, wildlife, recreation, irrigation, and livestock watering were noted in the following variable-byvariable discussion described below in alphabetical order. When concentrations of a substance cannot be detected, we have plotted the concentration at the level of detection. We believe this to be a conservative approach to assessing possible trends. As well, there are times when measurements were not taken for some reason. In these cases, straight lines will join the two consecutive points and may give the illusion on the graph of a trend that does not exist. In cases where we have used statistical techniques such as linear regression analysis to estimate if a trend is possibly present, a more thorough statistical analysis of the trend is necessary for verification of the possible trend. In some cases, testing for the presence of a variable has been terminated after a certain period. In general, this has been because a previous data assessment and review has indicated that collections of these data are not warranted for this station. For other variables, concerns about concentrations may have only arisen in recent years. Data for the have been collected on a frequency of about once every two weeks. As well, twice per year, two additional samples are collected in order to ensure that there are two periods when weekly samples are collected during five consecutive weeks. In addition, quality assurance samples (blanks and replicates) are collected three times per year. Results for each variable were used in this assessment to identify potential outliers that should be removed from consideration of Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 3

12 Water Quality Assessment of the trends, and to flag questionable data in the database ( as to possible or likely errors. The following water quality indicators were not discussed as they met all water quality guidelines (if guidelines exist) and showed no clearly visible trends: phenolphthalein alkalinity, ammonia, total and extractable antimony, bromine, ortho phosphate, selenium, and tin. The following water quality indicators seemed to fluctuate through the year according to turbidity concentrations, but were below guideline values (if guidelines exist) and had no other trends: total and extractable arsenic, total and extractable beryllium, total and extractable bismuth, cobalt, copper, gallium, lanthanum, manganese, nickel, niobium, total phosphorus, non-filterable and fixed non-filterable residue, rubidium, silver, thallium, vanadium, and zinc. Other water quality indicators seemed to fluctuate through the year according to the specific conductivity of the water. For dissolved forms of many of these indicators, they would be a part of the measured conductivity, and this is to be expected. These types of indicators that were not measured above guideline values (if guidelines exist) included total alkalinity, total and extractable barium, total and extractable boron, dissolved and extractable calcium, dissolved inorganic carbon, chloride, fluoride, hardness, magnesium, molybdenum, dissolved nitrate, total dissolved nitrogen, ph, dissolved ortho phosphorus, potassium, filterable and fixed filterable residue, silica, silicon, sodium, strontium, sulphate, and uranium. Flow (Figure 2) values showed fairly typical patterns characteristic of an interior river, with freshet taking place between May through July. Average flows through the year are in the order 7m 3 /s at Fort Steele but nearly 12 m 3 /s at Newgate (Fenwick Station is located between these two sites). At low flows, mean recordings are about 4 m 3 /s at Fort Steel and 7 m 3 /s at Newgate. Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 4

13 Water Quality Assessment of the FIGURE 2: WATER SURVEY OF CANADA FLOW DATA FOR KOOTENAY RIVER AT FORT STEELE AND NEWGATE Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 5

14 Water Quality Assessment of the Aluminum (Figure 5) values when measured as total or extractable concentrations frequently exceeded the guideline for the protection of aquatic life and source waters used for drinking. However, concentrations were correlated with higher turbidity concentrations, meaning that the aluminum was likely in particulate form and not biologically available. Thus there is no concern for aquatic life. Cadmium (Figures 21 and 22) concentrations usually met the guideline for the protection of aquatic life, especially since 23 when analytical detection limits were lowered. Concentrations seemed to be correlated with higher turbidity values, meaning that the cadmium was likely in particulate form and not biologically available. Dissolved Organic Carbon (Figure 26) values exceeded the guideline to protect source waters used for drinking on only one occasion. This means that there will not be a concern for the formation of disinfection byproducts. Chromium (Figures 28 and 29) values occasionally exceeded the hexavalent and trivalent chromium guidelines; however, higher values seem to be correlated with higher turbidity concentrations. The high concentrations are likely in particulate form and not biologically available. Fecal Coliforms (Figure 32) have occasionally exceeded the guideline for the protection of source waters used for drinking with no treatment other than disinfection. The guideline for partial treatment has always been met. Concentrations seemed to be correlated with turbidity levels; and values in 24 and 25 were higher than from 2 to 23. The period of record is too short to make any firm conclusions regarding increasing trends. Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 6

15 Water Quality Assessment of the Colour (Figure 35) values when measured as true colour exceeded the guideline for source waters used for drinking on only one occasion. Colour values were correlated with turbidity levels. Iron (Figures 42 and 43) values regularly exceeded the guidelines of 3 µg/l for the protection of aquatic life and source waters used for drinking (aesthetic concerns). High iron concentrations were correlated with high turbidity values, indicating that the iron is likely in particulate form and not biologically available. As well, if steps are taken to remove turbidity before using the water for drinking, aesthetic concerns will likely be eliminated. Lead (Figures 46 and 47) concentrations were generally correlated to high turbidity levels. Concentrations infrequently exceeded the guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Since high concentrations are correlated with high turbidity levels, the lead at those times is likely in particulate matter and not biologically available. Lithium (Figures 48 and 48) showed a possible declining trend in concentrations over time. When a linear regression analysis of the data from 199 to 25 was performed, it was determined that a declining trend with a R 2 value of.23 existed. This is considerably less than found at the downstream Creston station where the R 2 value was.7. High lithium values seemed to be correlated with higher specific conductivity values. This implies that higher values are associated with groundwater (water of higher hardness) contributions which may be declining relative to surface runoff as a source of flows in the river. Temperature (Figure 83) values sometimes exceeded guidelines for different fish species; however, these high values were recorded coincident to high air temperatures. Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 7

16 Water Quality Assessment of the Turbidity (Figure 88) values were regularly higher than the guideline for source waters used for drinking. This means that for effective disinfection of this source water, that solids removal will be required as treatment. Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 8

17 Water Quality Assessment of the REFERENCES Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines. Winnipeg, Manitoba. Ministry of Environment. 26a. British Columbia Approved Water Quality Guidelines (Criteria). Ministry of Environment, Victoria, B.C. Ministry of Environment. 26b. A Compendium of Working Water Quality Guidelines for British Columbia. Ministry of Environment, Victoria, B.C. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. 2. Water Quality Trends in Selected British Columbia Waterbodies. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Victoria, B.C. Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 9

18 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 3 Alkalinity Phenolphthalein Alkalinity Phenolphthalein CaCO3 Specific Conductivity (background).8 4 Alkalinity (mg/l CaCO3) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 1

19 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 4 Alkalinity Total Alkalinity Total B.C. MAX Alk Guideline Specific Conductivity (background) 5 Alkalinity (mg/l CaCO3) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 11

20 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 5 Aluminum Total and Extractable 3 CCME Al Aquatic Life Guideline Max-5 ug/l ph<6.5, Ca<4mg/L, DOC<2mg/L Aluminum Total Aluminum Extractable CCME Al Aquatic Life/DW Guideline Max-1 ug/l ph>6.5, Ca>4mg/L, DOC>2mg/L Turbidity (background) Aluminum (ug/l) 1 8 Turbidity (NTU) 4 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 12

21 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 6 Aluminum Total and Extractable 2 CCME Al Aquatic Life Guideline Max-5 ug/l ph<6.5, Ca<4mg/L, DOC<2mg/L Aluminum Total Aluminum Extractable CCME Al Aquatic Life/DW Guideline Max-1 ug/l ph>6.5, Ca>4mg/L, DOC>2mg/L 16 Turbidity (background) Aluminum (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) 4 4 Jan-3 Jul-3 Jan-4 Jul-4 Jan-5 Jul-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 13

22 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 7 Ammonia Dissolved Ammonia Dissolved Specific Conductivity (background) 48 Ammonia (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 32 Jan-94 Feb-94 Mar-94 Apr-94 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 14

23 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 8 Antimony Total and Extractable Antimony Total Antimony Extractable Turbidity (background) Antimony (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).4 4 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 15

24 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 9 Antimony Total and Extractable Antimony Total Antimony Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) Antimony (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 16

25 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 1 Arsenic Total and Extractable Arsenic Total Arsenic Extractable Turbidity (background) 4 B.C./CCME Max As DW Guideline - 25 ug/l B.C./CCME Max As Aquatic Life Guideline - 5 ug/l Arsenic (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 17

26 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 11 Arsenic Total and Extractable Arsenic Total Arsenic Extractable Turbidity (background) 2 B.C./CCME Max As DW Guideline - 25 ug/l B.C./CCME Max As Aquatic Life Guideline - 5 ug/l Arsenic (ug/l) 1 8 Turbidity (NTU).5 4 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 18

27 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 12 Barium Total and Extractable Max B.C./CCME/BC 3 Day Guideline DW - 1 ug/l Mac B.C. Guideline Aquatic Life - 5 ug/l Barium Total Barium Extractable Turbidity (background) Barium (ug/l) 8 8 Turbidity (NTU) 4 4 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 19

28 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 13 Barium Total and Extractable Max B.C./CCME/BC 3 Day Guideline DW - 1 ug/l Mac B.C. Guideline Aquatic Life - 5 ug/l Barium Total Barium Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) 12 Barium (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 2

29 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 14 Barium Total and Extractable Max B.C./CCME/BC 3 Day Guideline DW - 1 ug/l Mac B.C. Guideline Aquatic Life - 5 ug/l Barium Total Barium Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) Barium (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 21

30 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 15 Beryllium Total and Extractable B.C. Max Aquatic Life Guideline ug/l CCME DW Guideline - 4 ug/l Beryllium Total Beryllium Extractable Turbidity (background) Beryllium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).4 5 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 22

31 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 16 Beryllium Total and Extractable B.C. Max Aquatic Life Guideline ug/l CCME DW Guideline - 4 ug/l Beryllium Total Beryllium Extractable Turbidity (background) Beryllium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).2 5 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 23

32 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 17 BismuthTotal and Extractable Bismuth Total Bismuth Extractable Turbidity (background) Bismuth (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).1 5 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 24

33 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 18 Boron Total and Extractable Boron Total Boron Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) 2 Max B.C./CCME/BC 3 Day Guideline DW - 1 ug/l Mac B.C. Guideline Aquatic Life - 5 ug/l Boron (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 25

34 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 19 Boron Total and Extractable Boron Total Boron Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) 2 Max B.C./CCME/BC 3 Day Guideline DW - 1 ug/l Mac B.C. Guideline Aquatic Life - 5 ug/l Boron (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 26

35 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 2 Bromine Dissolved Bromide Dissolved Specific Conductivity (background).5 5 Bromine (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm).2 1 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 27

36 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 21 Cadmium Total and Extractable CCME/B.C. Max DW guideline - 5 ug/l Cadmium Total Cadmium Extractable CCME Aquatic Life Guideline Range Turbidity (background) Cadmium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).4 5 Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-9 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan- Jan-2 Jan-4 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 28

37 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 22 Cadmium Total and Extractable.5 CCME/B.C. Max DW guideline - 5 ug/l Cadmium Total Cadmium Extractable CCME Aquatic Life Guideline Turbidity (background) Cadmium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).1 4 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 29

38 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 23 Calcium Dissolved and Extractable Calcium (mg/l) Calcium Dissolved Calcium Extractable Borderline between low and moderate sensitivity Specific Conductivity (background) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-9 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan- Jan-2 Jan-4 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 3

39 Water Quality Assessment of the Oct-97 Apr-98 Jul-98 Oct-98 Jan-99 Apr-99 Jul-99 Oct-99 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan-1 Apr-1 Jul-1 Oct-1 Jan-2 Apr-2 Jul-2 Oct-2 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan Figure 24 Carbon Dissolved Inorganic and Organic C Dissolved Inorganic C Dissolved Organic Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 31 Carbon (mg/l)

40 Water Quality Assessment of the Oct-97 Apr-98 Jul-98 Oct-98 Jan-99 Apr-99 Jul-99 Oct-99 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan-1 Apr-1 Jul-1 Oct-1 Jan-2 Apr Figure 25 Carbon Dissolved Inorganic C Dissolved Inorganic Specific Conductivity (background) Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 32 Carbon (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm)

41 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 26 Carbon - Dissolved Organic Conductivity Outliers Removed at: 7/6/ : us/cm 3/11/ :5-136 us/cm C Dissolved Organic B.C. DW Guideline Turbidity (background) Carbon (mg/l) 4 8 Turbidity (NTU) 2 4 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 33

42 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 27 Chloride Dissolved 16 B.C. Max Cl Aqautic Life Guideline - 6 mg/l B.C. Max Cl DW Guideline - 25 mg/l B.C. 3 Day Aquatic Life Guideline - 15 mg/l Chloride Dissolved Specific Conductivity (background) 5 Chloride (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 34

43 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 28 Chromium Total and Extractable B.C. Max Cr DW Guideline - 5 ug/l Chromium Total Chromium Extractable B.C. Max Cr3 Aquatic Life Guideline B.C./CCME Max Cr6 Aquatic Life Guideline CCME Max Cr3 Aquatic Life Guideline 16 Turbidity (background) Chromium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 35

44 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 29 Chromium Total and Extractable 7 B.C. Max Cr DW Guideline - 5 ug/l B.C. Max Cr3 Aquatic Life Guideline - 9 ug/l CCME Max Cr3 Aqautic Life Guideline ug/l Chromium Total Chromium Extractable B.C./CCME Max Cr6 AW Guideline Turbidity (background) Chromium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 36

45 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 3 Cobalt Total and Extractable B.C. Max Co Aqautic Life Guideline - 11 ug/l B.C. 3 Day Co Aqautic Life Guideline - 4 ug/l Cobalt Total Cobalt Extractable Turbidity (background) Cobalt (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).5 4 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 37

46 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 31 Cobalt Total and Extractable B.C. Max Co Aquatic Life Guideline - 11 ug/l B.C. 3 Day Co Aqautic Life Guideline - 4 ug/l Cobalt Total Cobalt Extractable Turbidity (background) Cobalt (ug/l).8 8 Turbidity (NTU).4 4 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 38

47 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 32 Fecal Coliforms Fecal Coliforms B.C. DW Guideline - Partial Treatment - 1 CFU B.C. DW Guideline - No Treatment - 1 CFU Turbidity (background) 1 25 Fecal Coliforms (CFU/1mL) Turbidity (NTU) Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 39

48 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 33 Colour - Apparent Colour Apparent BC Max DW Guideline Turbidity (background) Colour Apparent Turbidity (NTU) 2 5 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 4

49 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 34 Colour Single Wavelength Colour Single Wavelength B.C. Max DW Guideline Turbidity (background) Colour (colour units) Turbidity (NTU) 2 4 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 41

50 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 35 Colour True Colour True B.C. Max DW Guideline Turbidity (background) Colour (True Colour Units) Turbidity (NTU) 5 5 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 42

51 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 36 Copper Total and Extractable B.C. Max DW Guideline - 5 ug/l Copper Total Copper Extractable B.C. Max Aquatic Life Guideline B.C. 3-day Average Aquatic Life Guideline CCME Cu Aquatic Life Guideline Turbidity (background) Copper (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) 1 5 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 43

52 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 37 Copper Total and Extractable Copper Total Copper Extractable Turbidity (background) 8 B.C. Max Cu DW Guideline - 5 ug/l B.C. Max Cu Aquatic Life Guideline Range ug/l 3-Day-B.C. Cu Aquatic Life Guideline Range ug/l CCME Max Cu Aquatic Life Guideline Range ug/l Copper (ug/l) 4 8 Turbidity (NTU) 2 4 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 44

53 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 38 Fluoride - Dissolved and Total B.C. 3 Day DW Guideline - 1 mg/l B.C./CCME DW Guideline mg/l B.C. Max Aquatic Life Guideline -.3 mg/l Fluoride Dissolved Fluoride Total Specific Conductivity (background) 5 Fluoride (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 45

54 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 38 (a) Fluoride - Total Fluoride Total Turbidity (background).2 B.C. 3 Day DW Guideline - 1 mg/l B.C./CCME DW Guideline mg/l B.C. Max Aquatic Life Guideline -.3 mg/l Fluoride (mg/l) Turbidity (NTU).4 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 46

55 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 39 Gallium Total and Extractable Gallium Total Gallium Extractable Turbidity (background) Gallium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).1 4 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 47

56 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 4 Gallium Total and Extractable Gallium Total Gallium Extractable Turbidity (background) Gallium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).1 4 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 48

57 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 41 Hardness Total Hardness Total Hardness Total Calc. Specific Conductivity (background) CCME Max Hardness DW Guideline Upper Limit CCME Max Hardness DW Guideline Lower Limit 12 5 Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 49

58 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 42 Iron - Total and Extractable Iron Total Iron Extractable B.C./CCME Max Aquatic Life/DW Guideline Turbidity (background) Iron (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) 5 Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-9 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan- Jan-2 Jan-4 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 5

59 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 43 Iron Total and Extractable Iron Total Iron Extractable B.C./CCME Max Aquatic Life/DW Guideline Turbidity (background) Iron (ug/l) 8 Turbidity (NTU) 1 4 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 51

60 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 44 Lanthanum Total and Extractable Lanthanum Total Lanthanum Extractable Turbidity (background) Lanthanum (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 52

61 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 45 Lanthanum - Total and Extractable Lanthanum Total Lanthanum Extractable Turbidity (background) Lanthanum (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 53

62 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 46 Lead Total and Extractable (ug/l) Lead Total Lead Extractable CCME Max Pb DW Guideline CCME Max Pb Aquatic Life Guideline Turbidity (background) 25 2 B.C. Max Pb DW Guideline 5 ug/l B.C. Max Pb Aquatic Life Guideline Range ug/l 3-Day Average B.C. Pb Aqautic Life Guideline Range ug/l 2 Lead (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) 5 5 Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-9 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan- Jan-2 Jan-4 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 54

63 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 47 Lead Total and Extractable B.C. Max DW Guideline 5 ug/l B.C. Max Aqautic Life Guideline Range ug/l 3-Day-Average B.C. Aqautic Life Guideline Range ug/l CCME Max Aqautic Life Guideline Range ug/l CCME Max DW Guideline 1 ug/l Lead Total Lead Extractable Turbidity (background) Lead (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) 2 4 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 55

64 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 48 Lithium - Total and Extractable B.C. Max Aquatic Life Guideline - 5 ug/l Conductivity Outliers Removed at: 7/6/ : us/cm 3/11/ :5-136 us/cm Lithium Total Lithium Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) 12 Lithium (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 56

65 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 49 Lithium Total and Extractable Lithium Total Lithium Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) B.C. Max Li Aquatic Life Guideline - 5 ug/l 12 Lithium (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 57

66 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 5 Magnesium - Dissolved and Extractable 5 B.C. Max DW Guideline - 1 mg/l Mg Diss Calc. Mg Dissolved Mg Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 58 Magnesium (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm)

67 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 51 Manganese - Total and Extractable B.C. Max Mn Aquatic Life Guideline Range ug/l 3-Day-B.C. Mn Aquatic Life Guideline Range ug/l Manganese Total Manganese Extractable Turbidity (background) Manganese (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) 4 5 Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-9 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan- Jan-2 Jan-4 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 59

68 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 52 Manganese - Total and Extractable B.C. Max Mn Aquatic Life Guideline Range ug/l 3-Day-B.C. Mn Aqautic Life Guideline Range ug/l Manganese Total Manganese Extractable Turbidity (background) Manganese (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU) 2 4 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 6

69 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 53 Mercury Total and Extractable Mercury Total Mercury Extractable Turbidity (background) Mercury (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).4 5 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 61

70 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 54 Molybdenum - Total and Extractable 4 B.C. Max DW Guideline 25 ug/l B.C. Max Aquatic Life Guideline 2 ug/l B.C. 3-Day-Average Aquatic Life Guideline 1 ug/l CCME Max Aquatic Life Guideline 73 ug/l Molybdenum Total Molybdenum Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) 12 3 Conductivity Outliers Removed at: 7/6/ : us/cm 3/11/ :5-136 us/cm Molybdenum (ug/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 62

71 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 55 Nickel Total and Extractable 4 B.C./CCME Ni Aqautic Life Guideline Range ug/l Nickel Total Nickel Extractable Turbidity (background) Nickel (ug/l) 2 8 Turbidity (NTU) 1 4 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 63

72 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 56 Niobium Extractable Niobium Extractable Turbidity (background) Niobium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).2 4 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 64

73 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 57 Nitrogen Dissolved Nitrate B.C. Max NO2 and NO3 DW Guideline 1 mg/l B.C. Max NO3 Aquatic Life Guideline 2 mg/l B.C. Max NO 3 DW Guideline 1 mg/l 3-Day-B.C. NO3 Aquatic Life Guideline 4 mg/l CCME Max NO3 DW Guideline 45 mg/l CCME Max NO3 Aquatic Life Guideline 13 mg/l Nitrogen Dissolved Nitrate Specific Conductivity (background) 5 Nitrogen (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-94 Apr-94 Jul-94 Oct-94 Jan-95 Apr-95 Jul-95 Oct-95 Jan-96 Apr-96 Jul-96 Oct-96 Jan-97 Apr-97 Jul-97 Oct-97 Apr-98 Jul-98 Oct-98 Jan-99 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 65

74 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 58 Nitrogen Dissolved NO3 and NO2 Nitrogen Dissolved NO3 and NO2 CCME Max NO2 AW Guideline Specific Conductivity (background) Nitrogen (mg/l) B.C. Max NO2 and NO3 DW Guideline 1 mg/l B..C Max NO3 Aquatic Life Guideline 2 mg/l B.C. Max NO 3 DW Guideline 1 mg/l 3-Day-B.C. NO3 Aqautic Life Guideline 4 mg/l CCME Max NO3 DW Guideline 45 mg/l CCME Max NO3 Aquatic Life Guideline 13 mg/l Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 66

75 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 59 Nitrogen - Nitrite Nitrogen Nitrite CCME Max NO2 Aquatic Life Guideline Specific Conductivity (background) B.C. Max NO2 and NO3 DW Guideline 1 mg/l 5 Nitrogen (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 67

76 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 6 Nitrogen - Total Nitrogen Total Turbidity (background) Nitrogen (mg/l).24 Turbidity (NTU) Jan-94 Feb-94 Mar-94 Apr-94 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 68

77 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 61 Nitrogen - Total Dissolved Nitrogen Total Dissolved Specific Conductivity (background) Nitrogen Total Dissolved Outliers Removed at: 3/1/199 9:4-189 mg/l 7/6/ :35-57 mg/l 3/11/ :5-585 mg/l 12 Nitrogen (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-9 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan- Jan-2 Jan-4 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 69

78 Water Quality Assessment of the Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan Figure 62 ph ph CCME Max ph Aquatic Life Guideline Lower Limit CCME Max ph Aquatic Life Guideline Upper Limit Specific Conductivity (background) Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 7 ph (units) Specific Conductivity (us/cm)

79 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 63 Phosphate - Dissolved Ortho Phosphate Dissolved Ortho Turbidity (background) Phosphate (mg/l) Turbidity (NTU) Apr-97 Jul-97 Oct-97 Apr-98 Jul-98 Oct-98 Jan-99 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 71

80 Water Quality Assessment of the Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 72 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan-1 Apr-1 Jul-1 Oct-1 Jan-2 Apr-2 Jul-2 Oct-2 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan Figure 64 Phosphorus - Dissolved Ortho Phosphorus Dissolved Ortho Specific Conductivity (background) Phosphorus (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm)

81 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 65 Phosphorus - Total BC Max Phosphorus Total DW Guideline - 1 ug/l Phosphorus Total Turbidity (background) Phosphorus (mg/l) Turbidity (NTU) Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-9 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan- Jan-2 Jan-4 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 73

82 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 66 Potassium - Dissolved and Extractable Potassium Dissolved Potassium Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) 2 Conductivity Outliers Removed at: 7/6/ : us/cm 3/11/ :5-136 us/cm Potassium (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 74

83 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 67 Residue Filterable Residue Filterable Specific Conductivity (background) Residue (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 15 1 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 75

84 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 68 Residue - Fixed Filterable Residue Fixed Filterable Specific Conductivity (background) Residue (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) 1 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 76

85 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 69 Residue - Fixed Non-Filterable Residue Fixed Non-Filterable Turbidity (background) Residue (mg/l) Turbidity (NTU) 1 5 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 77

86 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 7 Residue - Non-Filterable Residue Fixed Non-Filterable Turbidity (background) Residue (mg/l) Turbidity (NTU) 1 5 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 78

87 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 71 Rubidium - Total and Extractable Rubidium Total Rubidium Extractable Turbidity (background) Rubidium (ug/l) 2 8 Turbidity (NTU) 1 4 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Jan-1 Jan-2 Jan-3 Jan-4 Jan-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 79

88 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 72 Selenium - Total and Extractable B.C. Max Se DW Guideline - 1 ug/l B.C. Max Se Aquatic Life Guideline - 2 ug/l mean 3-Day-B.C. Se Aquatic Life Guideline - 2 ug/l Selenium Total Selenium Extractable CCME Max Se Aquatic Life Guideline Turbidity (background) Selenium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).2 5 Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-9 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan- Jan-2 Jan-4 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 8

89 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 73 Selenium - Total and Extractable B.C. Max Se DW Guideline - 1 ug/l B.C. Max Se Aquatic Life Guideline - 2 ug/l mean 3-Day-B.C. Se Aquatic Life Guideline - 2 ug/l Selenium Total Selenium Extractable CCME Max Se Aquatic Life Guideline Turbidity (background) Selenium (ug/l) Turbidity (NTU).2 4 Jan-3 Apr-3 Jul-3 Oct-3 Jan-4 Apr-4 Jul-4 Oct-4 Jan-5 Apr-5 Jul-5 Oct-5 Jan-6 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 81

90 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 74 Silica - Dissolved and Reactive 7 6 Conductivity Outliers Removed at: 7/6/ : us/cm 3/11/ :5-136 us/cm Silica Dissolved Silica Reactive Specific Conductivity (background) Silica (mg/l) Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-9 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan- Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 82

91 Water Quality Assessment of the Figure 75 Silicon - Extractable 4 Silicon Extractable Specific Conductivity (background) Silicon (mg/l) Specific Conductivity (us/cm) Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan-1 Apr-1 Jul-1 Oct-1 Jan-2 Apr-2 Canada British Columbia Water Quality Monitoring Agreement 83