ARKEA : A GREEN TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT OHIO WATER ENVIRONMENT ASSOCIATION 2012 BIOSOLIDS SPECIALTY WORKSHOP

Transcription

1 1 ARKEA : A GREEN TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT OHIO WATER ENVIRONMENT ASSOCIATION 2012 BIOSOLIDS SPECIALTY WORKSHOP Michael H. Gerardi ArchaeaSolutions, Inc. Steve C. Owens, P.E. ArchaeaSolutions, Inc.

2 2 Introduction

3 ArchaeaSolutions, Inc. 3 Science-focused company Discovered how to use Archaea organisms to resolve environmental problems Since 2000, Archaea containing bio-systems have worked in hundreds of municipal and industrial plants, including wastewater treatment, food processing, chemical plants, and petroleum refineries Ongoing work in North America, Europe, and Africa

4 ArchaeaSolutions, Inc. 4 Scientists, Engineers, and Wastewater Professionals Specializing in Plant Optimization, Troubleshooting, Process Consulting, and Bioaugmentation Strategies Usual approach is to evaluate problem and situation, perform lab analysis, complete pilot program, and undertake full scale work

5 Arkea Substrate 5 ArchaeaSolutions, Inc. produces Arkea substrate containing a proprietary blend of Archaea organisms and other selected microbes. Several species of Archaeal methanogens have been identified in Arkea through gene sequencing analysis.

6 Arkea Substrate 6 Archaea is the key driver Other supporting microbes and factors Bacteria Fungi Nutrients/micronutrients Job specific microbes

7 7 What are Archaea

8 Archaea 8 Formerly, ancient bacteria Now, separate domain of life Important properties of Archaea Some are extremophiles Some degrade wastes that bacteria cannot degrade Some degrade wastes produced by bacteria Some have higher metabolic and generation rates Some out-compete bacteria for cbod and nutrients Have syntrophic relationship with bacteria

9 Syntrophic Relationship between Archaea and Bacteria 9 Archaea bacterium

10 10 Biosolids

11 Components of Biosolids 11 Inert material (non-living components) Non-degradable materials (TSS VSS) Degradable materials Particulates (cellulose) Colloids (proteins) Sludge (living component)

12 Examples of Bio-degradable Particulate Material 12 Cellulose Hemicellulose Diapers made of cellulose Plastic bags made of corn starch

13 Examples of Bio-degradable Colloids 13 Proteins Whipped cream Mayonnaise Milk Marshmallow Butter Jelly

14 14 Sludge

15 What is Sludge? 15 Sludge is the slimy growth (bacteria) obtained in the degradation of cbod. Sludge is activated that is produces no malodors when dissolved oxygen is present in the reactor.

16 What is Sludge Production? 16 Sludge production is the sludge yield that is the pounds of bacteria or sludge produced per pound of substrate degraded. Substrates degraded include cbod, sludge yield coefficient ~ 0.6 nbod, sludge yield coefficient ~0.12 VSS, sludge yield coefficient, ~ 0.75 X 0.6

17 Use of Sludge Yield Coefficients 17 1 lb. cbod + ~ 1.8 lb. O microbial action --- > ~ 0.6 lb. microbial cells + CO 2 + H lb. nbod + ~ 4.6 lb. O microbial action --- > ~ 0.12 lb. microbial cells + NO H 2 O 1 lb. VSS X ~ 1.8 lb. O microbial action ---> ~ 0.6 lb. microbial cells + CO 2 + H 2 O

18 Non-degraded Degradable Solids 18 1 lb. of degradable solids in and not degraded is 1 lb. of solids out 1 lb. of degradable solids such as cellulose in and degraded is 0.6 lb. of solids out 1 lb. cbod in + ~ 1.8 lb. O microbial cells action --- > ~ 0.6 lb. microbial cells out + CO 2 + H 2 0

19 Degradation of Cellulose 19 Hydrolytic enzyme Hydrolytic enzyme Hydrolytic enzyme Glucose Glucose Glucose Glucose Cellulose is not absorbable by microbial cells as a polymer of glucose. If chemical bonds are broken, absorbable glucose is produced. Therefore, a microbe with the ability to hydrolyze the chemical bonds is needed! Archaea!

20 Sludge Yield under Anaerobic/Fermentative Condition 20 1 lb. cbod --- fermentative microbes --- > ~ 0.1 lb. cells + CO 2 + H 2 O + acids + alcohols + other Compounds No additional microbial action: Recycle cbod + malodor release + undesired growth of filamentous organisms + increased sludge production in oxic (O 2 ) or anoxic (NO 3- ) environment Additional microbial action: Reduced recycle cbod + little or no malodor release + little or no growth of filamentous organisms + decreased sludge production (0.02 to 0.1 lb. sludge per lb. cbod degraded) in fermentative (CH 2 O) environment

21 21 Bioaugmentation

22 Bioaugmentation: Addition of Desired Microbial Cells 22 Bioaugmentation for biomass enhancement Cultures of microbial cells added to the conveyance system or treatment plant Dry or liquid form Added by inoculation and/or maintenance dosing

23 Microbial Cells Required for 23 Biosolids Reduction Bacteria with specific enzymatic abilities Fungi with specific enzymatic abilities Archaea with specific enzymatic abilities (Arkea )

24 24 Arkea Field Applications

25 25 Ohio and Indiana Installations - Sludge Reduction and Operational Cost Savings

26 26 Sludge Yield Reduction - OH

27 Operational Impact - OH 27 When OH project began, plant operated all four available sludge digesters Due to impact of Arkea, reduced operation to only two sludge digesters Confirmation of reduced sludge yield

28 Lagoon Biological Dredging - OH 28 Before: Note dark gray color After: Note green color and improved appearance

29 %TSS % VSS TSS and VSS Reductions - OH 29 TSS VSS TSS VSS /2/2010 7/21/2010 9/22/ /2/2010 7/21/2010 9/22/2010 Date Date

30 30 Accumulated Sludge Depth Reduction - TX Municipality Lagoon Municipality with a 24/7 slaughterhouse upstream could not cost effectively manage their bio-solids Dark brown area is >100. Orange is Gold is Dark yellow is Yellow is Vanilla is <20. Fraction of cost of mechanical dredging Feb 19 March 21 May 22

31 Hydraulic Volume Increase - Texas Lagoon 31

32 32 Arkea Substrate Generation On Site Ammonia and Nitrate Reduction - AR

33 33 Ammonia Reduction Explosives Manufacturer - AR

34 34 Nitrate Reduction Explosives Manufacturer - AR

35 Poultry Processing WWT Lagoon - GA Total Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus Reduction 35 Before Arkea Treatment After Arkea Treatment

36 Poultry Processing - GA Total Nitrogen 36 Total Nitrogen: > 50% reduction

37 Poultry Processing - GA Total Phosphorus 37 Total Phosphorus: > 50% reduction

38 Phosphorus Field Results - FL 38 Phosphorous reduction on dairy farms in central Florida Normally the dairy lagoons would be filled with bio-solids and often have a bio-solid crust on top.

39 39 Sweden Refinery - Acid Tar By-Product Reduction, Detoxification, and Re-Use

40 Ammonia Reduction - London 2012 Olympic Stadium 40

41 Bioremediation - Underground Petro Storage Tank - BTEX Reduction 41

42 42 Summary

43 Process Benefits of Arkea Bioaugmentation 43 More rapid degradation of wastes Reduction of waste by-products Reduction of sludge yield Reduction in concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, phosphorus, TKN, H 2 S, and sulfides Reduction in toxicity Overall improvement of effluent water quality Arkea are proven safe in the environment.

44 Operational Cost Savings 44 Arkea substrate improves operating profit. The operational cost savings will come from the following areas: Typically 25-50% reduction in sludge yield Reduced sludge handling and disposal costs Decreased energy costs Decreased chemical usage Improved overall plant efficiency and operation Arkea substrate does all this in a cost effective manner

45 Questions? ArchaeaSolutions, Inc. Consulting.Bioaugmentation.Results. Scientists, Engineers, and Wastewater Professionals Specializing in Process Consulting, Bioaugmentation Strategies, Plant Optimization, and Troubleshooting Support 100 Lloyd Ave., Suite D, Tyrone, GA Low Cost Performance-Based Arkea Trials Available Call us today to schedule a consultation and site visit!