Seismic Resilience Planning for Wastewater Systems. Kent Yu, PhD, PE, SE, Principal SEFT Consulting Group Beaverton, Oregon

Transcription

1 Seismic Resilience Planning for Wastewater Systems Kent Yu, PhD, PE, SE, Principal SEFT Consulting Group Beaverton, Oregon

2 Community Member Needs Source: Erica Kuligowski 2015

3 Understand the Situation Link Social Dimensions and Built Environment Source: NIST CRPG 2015

4 Cascadia Subduction Zone

5 Oregon Education & Emergency Facilities Median Age K-12 Median Age Fire & Police Median Age Community College

6 Earthquake/Tsunami 1) Strong ground shaking (PGA, PGV) 2) Tsunami Inundation 3) Liquefaction 4) Permanent ground deformation

7 Earthquake Damage 2010 &2011 Christchurch (Source: WDC NZ & ASCE/TCLEE) (Source: ASCE/TCLEE) (Source: ASCE/TCLEE)

8 Earthquake Damage 2010 Chile

9 Tsunami 2011 Tohoku Minami Gamou Treatment Center, Sendai (Source: John Eidinger) (Source: Don Ballantyne)

10 Shift from Life-safety to Resilience The ability to prepare for and adapt to changing conditions and withstand and recover rapidly from disruptions (from PPD-21)

11 The Oregon Resilience Plan 50-year Comprehensive Plan Cascadia Earthquake Scenario Business/Workforce Continuity Coastal Communities Critical & Essential Buildings Transportation Energy Information and Communication Water & Wastewater (download it from )

12 Eight Task Groups Business and Work Force Continuity Coastal Communities Critical/Essential Buildings Energy Information and Communications Transportation Water and Waste Water Interdependency coordination Magnitude 9.0 Earthquake/Tsunami Scenario

13 Business and Work Force Task Group Oregon is a small business state, 50% ~60% of our work force is employed by small businesses Business can only tolerate two to four weeks of disruption of essential services

14 NIST Community Resilience Planning Guide for Buildings and Infrastructure Systems Google NIST Resilience Planning Guide for a free down load

15 Recovery of the Built Environment Organize around restoring functionality over time When is each cluster and system needed for recovery? Survival Safety and Security Belonging Growth and Achievement Source: National Disaster Recovery Framework

16 Functionality Needs For Recovery Short-Term: Secure, Rescue, Stabilize, Clear Routes Clusters: Critical Facilities, Emergency Housing Related Infrastructure Systems Intermediate: Restore Neighborhoods, meet social needs Clusters: Housing, medical, main street, schools, Churches Related Infrastructure Systems Long-Term: Community Social and Economic Recovery Clusters: Commercial and Industrial Businesses Related Infrastructure Systems

17 Lifeline Dependencies Interdependencies will make disaster recovery much more difficult. The earthquake will damage all systems at the same time. To restore electric service, you need to reopen roads To restore water service, you need electricity (ASCE TCLEE) To restore fuel supplies you need electricity To reopen roads, you need to restore fuel supplies

18 Dimensions of Dependencies Internal and External Time Space Source (These dimensions may not be independent)

19 Internal and External Dependencies Internal Dependency (examples) Physical Infrastructure System Equipment and Repair Supplies Operations Center (and more) Employees External Dependency (examples) Transportation Power and liquid fuel Communication (and more) Financial (revenue stream) Local suppliers/contractors (It is also good to consider who may depend on your system)

20 Time Dimension Recovery Phases Short-Term, Intermediate, and Long-Term Dependencies may change from one phase to another Performance goals, and restoration sequence and pace are influenced by external dependencies of other infrastructure systems and community needs (Source: FEMA, 2014)

21 Space Dimension

22 Space Dimension /I-5 corridor Source: Oregon Resilience Plan

23 Source: Oregon Department of Transportation State Response/Recover Strategy 1 st tier 2 nd tier 3 rd tier

24 Space Dimension Source: Carmen Merlo

25 Space Dimension Source: Carmen Merlo/City of Portland

26 Source Dimension (Courtesy of Yumei Wang, DOGAMI) Additional Examples Wholesale Water Supplier Wholesale Power supplier Key material supplier Source:

27 Collaborative Team with Public Involvement Residential Customers Business owners Industry Rep. Hospital Rep. Local EM Local government School Rep. Etc. Wastewater operators/engineers Consultants Interdependent system operators Wastewater regulators

28 Characterize Built Environment Wastewater System: Collection, Conveyance, Pumping, Treatment, and Discharge Locations (geohazards) Current use Age Construction types Current conditions (site visits) Nonstructural seismic bracing and ruggedness Maintenance and upgrades Applicable codes and standards at the time of design Current codes and standards Dependencies on other systems

29 Anticipated Performance of Existing Built Environment Estimated anticipated performance (restoration of functionality) during recovery depends Damage level - Condition and capacity of structural and nonstructural systems Recovery time - Materials, equipment, and labor needed for restoration Dependencies on other systems that may be damaged

30 Wastewater Performance Goal Source: NIST CRPG 2015

31 ORP Resilience Goals (Valley)

32 Plan Development Evaluate Gaps between Desired and Anticipated Performance Identify Solutions to Address Gaps Administrative Solutions Construction Solutions (New Construction, Existing Construction) Prioritize Solutions and Develop Implementation Plan Community long-term goals Resilience Gap Benefit Cost Analysis

33 Solutions to Address Gaps Administrative Solutions 1. Publish the performance gaps and resilience plans in transparent and publicly available methods. 2. Develop and implement education and awareness programs 3. Develop processes and guidelines for post-event assessment and repair

34 Solutions to Address Gaps Example of Construction Solutions 1. Relocate or upgrade wastewater treatment plant built before 2000 and all treatment plants built in area subject to liquefaction 2. Incorporate seismic resilience objectives into future capital improvement projects.

35 Resilience In Action 1. Resilience Planning at local levels Port of Portland Portland Water Bureau Tualatin Valley Water District Eugene Water & Electric Board City of Gresham (Water System) Beaverton School District Portland Bureau of Environmental Services (RFP) 2. OHA/DOGAMI Study: Multi-City Healthcare, Transportation, Water System Assessment

36 Remarks Start from Social Needs (to define performance goal) Dependency relationship is complex and multidimensional Consider various dimensions of dependencies within wastewater system (no more silo approach!) Community-wide engagement Develop solutions to close resilience gap