A green reform of the Common Fisheries Policy. Isabella Lövin Hamburg, Die Grünen 24 March 2012

Transcription

1 A green reform of the Common Fisheries Policy Isabella Lövin Hamburg, Die Grünen 24 March 2012

2

3

4 Grimsby Fish market Fish Market, in Grimsby, England, England, ca 1900 about 1900

5 (t/km 2 ) Biomass of table fish in 1900 (Christensen et al. (2003)

6 and in 2000.

7 KEY WEST, FLORIDA 1950 s Source: Callum Roberts

8 KEY WEST, FLORIDA, 1983 Source: L. McClenahan/Callum Roberts

9 KEY WEST, FLORIDA 2007 Source: Callum Roberts

10 Employment trend in European fisheries sector Less than 0,2% of total EU employment

11 Profitability in the EU fleets

12 Income dependency of small scale fisheries in EU regions France: 0,01 0, 05 percent of total labour force Characteris tics of small-scale coastal fisheries in Europe, European parliament study department, 2011

13 If case of no reform status quo? Only 8 of 136 stocks within safe biological limits 2022 Loss of one stock after the other A chain reaction in the ecosystem Fleets continuing to operate at a loss Continued losses of jobs Continued conflict with environment and development policies Increased need of imports Source EU Commission,

14 Common policy - who decides? Commission College of Commissioners DG Mare Damanaki Potocnik Barroso... Committee Parliament Plenary Rapporteur MEPs MEPs MEPs... Presidency Council of Ministers COREPER Council working groups FR ES DE......

15 The five structural failings of the CFP, according to EU Commission 1. Fleet overcapacity; too many boats! 2. Conflicting, unclear policy objectives resulting in no guidance for decisions and implementation; 3. A decision-making system that encourages a short-term focus; 4. A framework that does not give sufficient responsibility to the industry; 5. Lack of political will to ensure compliance Commissions Green paper, 2009

16 1. Overcapacity Commission wants Transferable Fishing concessions (TFC:s) for vessels over 12 meters Greens want sustainability criteria for access to fish stocks (Scrapping subsidies have been deemed counterproductive by Court of Auditors)

17 2. Unclear policy objectives Commission still proposes environmental, social and economic sustainability as equal objectives for the CFP Greens demand that the environmental sustainability be made a priority, since it is the prerequisite of social and environmental sustainability

18 3.Short-termism Commission proposes long term management plans for all species, and legally binding exploitation level keeping stocks above MSY by 2015 Greens agree putting emphasis on the ABOVE Msy

19 4.Unsufficient responsability to industry Commission proposes regionalisation EU sets targets and limits, MS together with industry and stakeholders works out details Greens agree, but emphasizes comanagement at the appropriate level depending on fishery

20 5. Lack of political will to comply Commission proposes (a part from regionalisation) conditionality on funding Greens agree, but also thinks access to marine resources should only be given to those (fishers, companies or MS) that comply.

21 Why is ABOVE Msy important?

22 Maximum Sustainable Yield, standard model Underutilised Fully utilised Overutilised Eqm catch MSY Fishing effort

23 Prof. Davide Lavigne, IFAW

24 Third driver: COMPETING CLAIMS Landuse Tourism Oil &Gas Mariculture Coastal Defence Ports & Navigation Military Activities Culture Conservation Dredging & Disposal Submarine Cables Fishing Renewable Marine Energy Recreation Mineral Extraction

25 Marine Spatial Planning Provides decision making framework for how, when and where fishing should be allowed Helps to avoid gear conflicts Clarifies user claims and public interest Should be the fundamental ground on which user permissions are granted

26 Marine reserves Biodiversity, species and habitats In fisheries management to protect spawning grounds, nurseries and refuges to decrease risk of stock collapses Forms a coherent network Sufficiently large!

27 Subsidies Abolish most subsidies in particular the capacity enhancing Abolish the ban on fuel tax. Favours local passive gear fisheries Support transition and retraining Increased support to control and research

28 Discarded fish should not be caught in the first place Should apply to all marine organisms and not just a few commercial species End discarding!

29 In the 2000s, three markets (the EU, US and Japan) access much of the marine resources of the world ocean (red = 100%; blue = 0%)

30 External dimension Holistic view on trade and agreements (worlds largest fish market) Only access surplus of fish Respect HR Transparency Take the lead in international for a to promote sustainable fisheries

31 We can Halt loss of biodiversity! Save jobs! Reduce imports! Improve food security in Europe and the world! And..

32 Put breaks on Climate change! The Role of Healthy Oceans in Binding Carbon (FAO, UNEP, UNESCO, IUCN, 2010): * At present 50% of all carbon in atmosphere that gets sequestred is cycled into seas and oceans * 70% of carbon stored in marine realm is in coastal ecosystems (0,5% of total seabed) * Annual loss of sequestration capacity of 2 7%.

33 Isabella Lövin, Raül Romeva i Rueda, Rebecca Harms & Jean-Paul Besset