INDUSTRIAL AEROPONICS SMART-CONTROLLER Part No USER MANUAL. Designed by TROPHY Electronics

Transcription

1 INDUSTRIAL AEROPONICS SMART-CONTROLLER Part No USER MANUAL Designed by TROPHY Electronics

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 STRUCTURAL SCHEME 2 FUNCTIONAL SCHEME 3 SMART-CONTROLLER FUNCTIONS 4 TECHNICAL PARAMETERS 5 SMART-CONTROLLERS COMMUNICATION SCHEME 6 DATA BETWEEN SMART-SERVER AND SMART-CONTROLLERS 7 RS-485 COMMUNICATION LINE 8 IDENTIFICATION 9 MONITORING OF PARAMETERS 10

3 INTRODUCTION Aeroponics is designed for growing plants in closed premises. Aeroponic is the process of growing plants in the air without using the soil, in which nutrients are delivered in the form of an aerosol to the roots of plants. Unlike hydroponic, which uses water as a substrate, saturated with the necessary minerals and nutrients to support the growth of plants, the aeroponic method of growing plants generally does not involve the use of substrates. The basic principle of aeroponic growing plants is aerosol spray in a closed environment nutritious, rich in mineral substances, aqueous solution (hereinafter - mixture). Since an important component growth and development of plants is oxygen, plants grown on the principle of "oxygen saturation ", are in containers in suspended state, their roots open and get maximum air. The root is practically independent, almost autonomous part of the plant with hormonal system and enzymatic apparatus. It may be minutes to convert absorbed CO2 into carbohydrates, sugars into organic acids, nitrates into amines and amino acids. The plant itself is fixed by the supporting system in the trellised basket, and the roots, irrigated with the nutrient mixture, simply hang in the air in the interior of the plant. The mixture is fed to the roots at short intervals so that the roots do not have time to dry. The leaves and stems of the plant are isolated from the spray zone. With this approach, the environment remains free from pests and diseases associated with the soil, which means that plants can grow healthy and faster than plants grown in the soil. The use of aeroponics allows the creation of fully automatic plant cultivation systems, which are much simpler than systems using a substrate. SMART-AEROPONICS works offline and does not work requires the constant participation of maintenance personnel. Due to the presence of temperature, electrical conductivity and ph of the mixture sensors, as well as air temperature and light sensors plants, constant monitoring of all parameters of aeroponics work. In the case of output of the measured parameters beyond the limits of the norm the SMART-SERVER informs the maintenance personnel of the need for corrective actions. Monitoring the parameters of the mixture and the environment allows to achieve the maximum qualitative and quantitative parameters of the crop. 1

4 STRUCTURAL SCHEME OF AEROPONICS GREENHOUSE The complex of equipment consists of: A) SMART-SERVER, which manages one or several aeroponics devices. B) A battery or other uninterruptible power supply can be connected to the SMART-SERVER. C) Using an Ethernet connection, the SMART-SERVER has an Internet connection; D) One or more aeroponics equipped with SMART- CONTROLLERS; E) 12V power bus and RS-485 control bus for SMART- CONTROLLERS. RS 485 control bus / Timer valve control Electromagnetic valve Mixture chiller Mixture rate measurement Pump of the light flow Air temperature measurement Mixture ph, Ec, t measurement LAN/WAN SMART-SERVER Wi-Fi router 2

5 SMART-CONTROLLER SMART-SERVER FUNCTIONAL SCHEME OF SMART-AEROPONICS The feed system of the nutrient mixture in the aeroponics forms a closed cycle. The pump automatically maintains high pressure at its outlet. When a signal is sent from the SMART-SERVER, the electric valve opens, the pump pumped out a part of the mixture from the tank and the feed mixture is supplied under pressure to the injectors. Fog is formed inside the Aeroponics. The SMART-SERVER gives commands for supplying the mixture, controls the switching on/off of the lighting, and processes information on the aeroponics parameters and environmental parameters. 3

6 SMART-CONTROLLER FUNCTIONS Ÿ Ÿ Turn on/off electromagnetic valve (or pump) according commands received from central SMART- SERVER to feeding the mixture to the injectors. In the interface of the SMART-SERVER it is possible to program the feeding modes of the mixture during the whole vegetation period of the plants. Turn on/off phytolamps according commands received from SMART-SERVER. In the interface of the SMART-SERVER, it is possible to program the day-night mode during the whole vegetation period of the plants. Ÿ Transmitting to SMART-SERVER the following information: temperature of the nutrient mixture; air temperature in the room; electrical conductivity of the mixture; ph of the mixture; volume of the mixture delivered to the injectors during the injection; relative humidity (optional); useful light flux (PAR) phytolamps; a useful luminous flux (PAR) of solar illumination entering the greenhouse; the content of carbon dioxide in the air (optional); additional parameters (optional). All information is sent to the SMART-SERVER via RS485 BUS. 4

7 TECHNICAL PARAMETERS OF SMART-CONTROLLER No Parameter Description 1 SMART-CONTROLLER Interface RS485 2 Microprocessor ARM 3 Rated voltage for supply to the solenoid valve 12V 4 The accuracy of the duration of feeding the nutrient Not worse than 1ms mixture 5 The accuracy of the feed mixture period Not worse 1 min 6 The quantity of SMART-CONTROLLERs in multiple Up to 127 devices Aeroponics 7 Measuring of the mixture temperature Yes, screw terminals 8 Measuring of air temperature in the room Yes, screw terminals 9 Measuring of the electrical conductivity (Ec) of a mixture Yes, screw terminals 10 Measuring of the ph of the mixture Yes, screw terminals 11 Measuring the volume of the mixture entering the Yes, screw terminals injectors 12 Signal of max/min level of mixture into reservoir Yes, screw terminals 13 Measuring of light flux density Yes, screw terminals 14 Voltage supply ,5VDC 15 Power consumption (SMART-SENSOR only, without No more than 0,5W pump, valve etc.) 16 Operation temperature range С 5

8 SMART-CONTROLLERS COMMUNICATION SCHEME Power wires, data bus, remote sensors and control lines are connected to the SMART-CONTROLLER using screw terminals, as indicated in the scheme below. Ec t ph GND ph 1 ph sensor 2 GND Sensor 3 Reserve3 3 4 GND Sensor 5 Reserve2 2 6 GND Sensor 7 Reserve1 1 8 Light on Light 9 D sensor & 10 C control 11 black GND Ec & 12 red t Mixture t 13 yellow GND compo 14 white Ec sensor 15 INDUSTRIAL AEROPONICS SMART-CONTROLLER Part No AUX Signal 13 1 GND 12 Mixture 11 level 10 9 Flow Vcc 8 sensor Pulse 7 GND 6 Valve 5 control 4 Pump + 3 control GND 2 DC + GND 16 1 source GND A RS B RS

9 DATA BETWEEN SMART-SERVER AND SMART-CONTROLLERS As the communication between the SMART-CONTROLLERS and SMART-SERVER installed in aeroponics, the industrial RS-485 interface is used. Together with the RS-485 bus an uninterruptible + 12V bus is laid to all sensors. Control of valve of useful light flow Control of valve of useful light flow Control of valve of useful light flow of air t of air t of air t of mixture ph, EC, t and flow of mixture ph, EC, t and flow of mixture ph, EC, t and flow RS-485 control BUS / Ethernet SMART - SERVER Wi-Fi router Due to the fact that the amount of information transmitted in the network of Aeroponics is small, the SMART-CONTROLLERS and SMART-SERVER are connected by one twisted pair. The SMART-CONTROLLERS network, built on the RS-485 interface, is a transceiver connected to a twisted pair, as indicated below. 220V AC UPS А А А А А А USB to RS485 adapter Controller 001 Controller 002 Controller 003 Controller 004 Controller 005 SMART-SERVER Power supply 7

10 RS-485 COMMUNICATION LINE RS-485 (English Recommended Standard 485), the physical layer standard for the asynchronous interface. Regulates the electrical parameters of a half-duplex multi-drop differential link of the "common bus" type. In the RS-485 standard, one twisted pair of wires is used to transmit and receive data, sometimes accompanied by a shield braid or a common wire. In our case, we will use a common 12V power supply wire. Data transmission is carried out using differential signals. The voltage difference between conductors of the same polarity means a logical unit, the difference of the other polarity is zero. The basis of the RS-485 interface is the principle of differential (balanced) data transmission. Its essence lies in the transmission of one signal over two wires. And, on one wire (conditionally A) there is an original signal, and on another (conditionally B) - its inverse copy. In other words, if there is "1" on one wire, then "0" on the other and vice versa. Thus, there is always a potential difference between the two wires of the twisted pair: at "1" it is positive, at "0" - negative. It is this potential difference that the signal is transmitted. Such a transmission method provides high resistance to common mode interference. The maximum length of one network segment is 1200 meters. At one time, only one transmitter can be active. The exchange speed is 9.6 Kbps. It is necessary to install a jumper-terminator on the SMART-CONTROLLER, which is the last in the network (the farthest from the SMART-SERVER), as indicated below. A INDUSTRIAL AEROPONICS SMART-CONTROLLER INDUSTRIAL AEROPONICS SMART-CONTROLLER INDUSTRIAL AEROPONICS SMART-CONTROLLER B A Part No Part No Part No USB to RS485 adapter 8

11 IDENTIFICATION OF THE SMART-CONTROLLER When a SMART-CONTROLLER is connected to a data bus you can insert the hardware serial number of SMART-CONTROLLER into a new line in the MAIN menu of the SMART-SERVER. In the MAIN menu of the SMART-SERVER, you must press the button and enter the ADD RACK menu. The RACK number is a unique logical number in the system which can take values from 1 to 127. The RACK address is the hardware address of the SMART-CONTROLLER, which you can see on the sticker. n the PROGRAM line, you can select one of the ready-made templates that corresponds to the growing plant. In the event that none of the templates are suitable for you, you can save this number and the installation address without selecting a program and create your own template in the PARAMS menu (will be discussed later). Click the Add button to save the Aeroponics in the list. The button When you click the in the MAIN menu allows you to delete an unnecessary Aeroponics from the interface. button, you can start the Aeroponics, and when you click the button, on the contrary, stop the Aeroponics (for example, for preventive maintenance). In the STATE column, the current operating mode of the Aeroponics will be displayed: RUNNING or STOPPED. The STARTED and DAY columns indicate the start date and the current day of the Aeroponics. The STAGE column shows the current stage of plant development. When you click the date. button, you can restart the Aeroponics. In this case program will start from start Similarly, you can specify up to 127 Aeroponics in the menu. 9

12 MONITORING OF THE PARAMETERS OF AEROPONICS The SMART-SERVER equipped with a Hard Disk Drive has the function of collecting and storing the parameters of operation of Aeroponics connected to the SMART-CONTROLLER. In a separate STATS menu, all events related to the output of the settings for the specified limits are recorded. Enter the PARAMS menu and press the STATS button. You can track in which setting (with the corresponding ID), at what time and what parameters went beyond the critical limits. Error messages can be sent to the administrator and subscribers via the TELEGRAM messenger. 10