Biodrying: An alternative process to produce biomass fuel from organic wastes

Transcription

1 Biodrying: An alternative process to produce biomass fuel from organic wastes Communicator: Nagore Guerra Co authors: Belén Puyuelo, Joan Colón, Laia Llenas & Sergio Ponsá 21 June 2017

2 INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. MATERIALS & METHODS 4. RESULTS 5. CONCLUSIONS 2

3 biomass fuel from organic wastes 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. MATERIALS & METHODS 4. RESULTS 5. CONCLUSIONS 3

4 INTRODUCTION Each type of waste needs a specific management depending on: Physico-chemical properties Geographical location Availability of co-substrates (like bulking agent, etc.) As world population increases so does the food demand. Accordingly A high volume of several kind of wastes are generated continuously. 4

5 INTRODUCTION Livestock wastes with high nutrient content (N, P) have been typically applied on soil as fertilizer 1. Economically advantageous option. Current scenario: Intensive livestock production Waste production > UAA Overapplication 1 Regulation (EC)) No 2003/2003 5

6 INTRODUCTION This practice has lead to proliferation of NVZ (Source: JointResearchCentre 2016). Limits the use of manures on agriculural soil to 170 kg N ha -1 y -1 How can the excess be managed? 6

7 INTRODUCTION 2 viable solutions for the excess: Nutrient concentration Exportation Nutrient removal Removal technologies are no longer promoted (no longer BATs) 7

8 INTRODUCTION A new sustainable alternative for nutrient concentration and energy recovery is the biodrying. 8

9 INTRODUCTION The efficiency of biodrying process has been proved already with several wastes: MSW (Adani et al ; Velis et al ) Pulp & Paper mill sludge (Frei et al ; Navaee-Ardeh et al ; 2010) Sewage sludge (Zhao et al ; Cai et al ) Animal manures (Sadaka et al ; Sharara et al ; Choi et al ) The effect of main parameters in the process and the process itself is not fully understood & specially for animal manures treatment. 9

10 biomass fuel from organic wastes 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. MATERIALS & METHODS 4. RESULTS 5. CONCLUSIONS 10

11 OBJECTIVES The main objective of the study Assessment of biodrying process at pilot scale for the drying of low porosity wastes such as livestock wastes. 11

12 biomass fuel from organic wastes 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. MATERIALS & METHODS Organic waste Experimental reactor & aeration strategies Parameters monitored & controlled 4. RESULTS 5. CONCLUSIONS 12

13 MATERIALS & METHODS The organic waste (cattle manure) Obtained from the local dairy farm La Fageda located in Santa Pau (Spain) After solid/liquid separation. Organic waste has been partially digested by animals Facility produces 16 t d -1 of livestock wastes and it is normally composted. Bulking agent (wood chips) from pine obtained from the same place, which is normally used in a biomass boiler. Mixture 3:1 ratio 13

14 Experimental reactor & aeration strategies MATERIALS & METHODS 30 kg of mixture aprox. 14

15 MATERIALS & METHODS Parameters monitorized & controled: Airflow, Total solids (TS), Temperature (Tª) & Lower Heating Value (LHV) LHV TS Tª Everyday Representative sample from reactor Continuous monitorization through DAQ Measurement of LHV at different moisture contents (after thermal drying) 15

16 biomass fuel from organic wastes 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. MATERIALS & METHODS 4. RESULTS Organic waste characterization & aeration strategies Feasibility of raw material for biomass boilers Continuous aeration trials Intermittent aeration trials Comparative yields 5. CONCLUSIONS 16

17 RESULTS Waste characterization & aeration strategies Feasibility of raw material for biomass boilers Continuous aeration trials Intermittent aeration trials Comparative yields Table 1. Characteristics of the raw material. TS (%, wb) 22.1±0.1 VS(%, db) 97.8±0.0 TOC (%, estimated) 53,9 BOC (%, estimated) 30,7 ph 8.9±0.0 COND (ms cm -1 ) 1.3±0.0 NH + 4 (g kg DM -1 ) 3.3±0.2 TKN (g kg DM -1 ) 9.9 ± 0.3 Tot P (mg kg DM -1 ) 553.7±0.1 Tot K (mg kg DM -1 ) 6275±0.1 Partially digested by the rumen of the livestock Limited further degradation bulk material Adapt aeration strategies airflow (L min -1 kg VS -1 ) ,05 2,1 time (days) 17

18 RESULTS Waste characterization & aeration strategies Feasibility of raw material for biomass boilers Continuous aeration trials Intermittent aeration trials Comparative yields LHV (MJ kg -1 FM) Wood sawdust 3 Cattle manure 1 Swine manure 2 12 Cattle manure 3 y = -18,166x + 17, R² = 0, % 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% MOISTURE CONTENT (%) Suitable raw material for boilers at an acceptable MC 1 Fernandez-López et al., 2015; 2 López-González et al., 2017; 3 Boumanchar et al., 2017; 4 Quiroga et al.,

19 RESULTS Waste characterization & aeration strategies Feasibility of raw material for biomass boilers Continuous aeration trials Intermittent aeration trials Comparative yields Q air MAX Tª L/min Kg VS L/min Kg VS L/min Kg VS Temperature (ºC;); MC (%,wb) Thermophilic Biodrying Mesophilic Biodrying Drying MC Tª Q air MAX Drying efficiency Time (d) 19

20 RESULTS Waste characterization & aeration strategies Feasibility of raw material for biomass boilers Continuous aeration trials Intermittent aeration trials Comparative yields Similar Tª pattern but worst drying performance L/min Kg VS L/min Kg VS L/min Kg VS INTERMITTENT MC AIRFLOW STRATEGY Thermophilic Biodrying Mesophilic Biodrying Drying Tª 20

21 RESULTS Waste characterization & aeration strategies Feasibility of raw material for biomass boilers Continuous aeration trials Intermittent aeration trials Comparative yields AERATION STRATEGY CONTINUOUS (L min -1 kg VS -1 ) INTERMITENT (3.24 L min -1 kg VS -1 ) Tª max Total moisture removal (%,wb) Drying rate(% d -1 )

22 biomass fuel from organic wastes 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. MATERIALS & METHODS 4. RESULTS 5. CONCLUSIONS 22

23 RESULTS Even though the bulk material was partially digested and typical process temperature was not reached, moisture removal up to 32% was possible Future work through optimization of the aeration strategy is being carried out in order to improve the overall performance of biodrying The scale up of the process, should lead to higher temperatures and to an increase of the thermal inertia of the system Cattle manure can be considered as suitable raw material for biomass boilers at low moisture contents 23

24 Biodrying: An alternative process to produce FUTURE WORK Additionaly, currently working on the assessment of biodrying of cellulosic sludge, in the framework of SMART Plant Project, financed in the call H

25 Biodrying: An alternative process to produce biomass fuel from organic wastes THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!! 25