The IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Technology Collaboration Program

Transcription

1 The IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Technology Collaboration Program National Energy Day, Lisbon November 15, 2018 Daniel Mugnier (TECSOL), SHC TCP Chairman

2 SHC TCP Snapshot 20 member countries, EC and 4 Sponsors(ECREEE, RCREEE, ISES, ECI) 9 Tasks & 1 Working Group focused on: Solar heating and cooling technologies for residential, commercial, industrial and agricultural end-uses Capacity building projects for all solar technologies Market information and projects to support global market deployment. Experts participating in Tasks: Formally participating o Total approx. 600 o 28% from Industry Informally engaged o Total approx. 1,700 o 35% from Industry 2

3 IEA SHC Members & Reach 20 Member Countries + EC + 4 Sponsor Organizations Sponsors 47 additional Countries RCREEE ECREEE ISES Map is without prejudice to status of or sovereignty over any territory, to delimitation of international frontiers/boundaries and to name of any territory/area.

4 IEA SHC Other Activities SHC International Conference on Solar Heating and Cooling for Buildings and Industry 5 th conference (SHC 2017) was 1 st joint with ISES, Nov in Abu Dhabi Collaboration with Solar Trade Associations 11 th meeting during SHC 2017 in Abu Dhabi SHC Solar Award 2017 award winner: Austria s Climate and Energy Fund, presented at SHC 2017 in Abu Dhabi Solar Academy webinars, videos, national days and onsite training Solar Heat Worldwide annual statistics report Task publications/databases/info sheets/newsletters SHC book series with Wiley Publishers Programme newsletter, Solar Update 2 per year Social Media Twitter LinkedIn - IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (group ) 4

5 IEA SHC Current Targeted R&D Work Task 54: Price Reduction of Solar Thermal Systems Task 55: Towards the Integration of Large SHC Systems into DHC Networks Task 56: Building Integrated Solar Envelope Systems for HVAC and Lighting Task 57: International Standards & Global Certification Task 58: Material and Component Development for Thermal Energy Storage Task 59: Renovating Historic Buildings To Zero Energy Task 60: Application of PVT Collectors and New Solutions with PVT Systems Task 61: Integrated Solutions for Daylight and Electric Lighting Task 62: Solar Energy in Industrial Water and Wastewater Management Working Group: Life Cycle Assessment for Solar Heating and Cooling Technologies 5

6 SHC TCP Objectives Prepare and disseminate high quality technical information and analysis on solar heating and cooling Work on SHC technology performance (system efficiency) Work on cost reduction of solar heating and cooling components and systems Cooperate with stakeholders to increase the market share of solar heating and cooling Communicate the potential and value of solar heating and cooling systems to non-technical stakeholders, such as decision makers and the public Conduct targeted R&D work 6

7 IEA SHC Strategic Goals Collaborate, create networks with RE and EE TCPs, intermediary industries; end users; research, international and standards organizations Seek increased participation from Africa, South America and MENA region Continue to produce and be the go to organization for high quality data and research results Support the acceleration of market penetration and improved cost effectiveness of solar designs, components and systems Analyze and evaluate the use of PV for heating and cooling applications Disseminate TCP results in a variety of formats and for different audiences (from policy makers to architects) Hold international conference every 2 years 7

8 General Trends for Solar Thermal in 2017 Heat is >50% of global final energy consumption and 38% of CO 2 emissions Solar thermal growth is slowing 7.4 times growth from due to increased competition from other renewables and decline in Chinese market Downturn in largest markets China and Europe Growth in smaller markets India, Latin America and Sub-Sahara Africa Market shift Small-scale systems being taken over by large-scale systems for heating and cooling and solar heat for industrial processes 8

9 THE Reference: Solar Heat Worldwide Global Market Development and Trends in 2017 Detailed Market Figures 2016 Werner Weiss, Monika Spörk-Dür AEE - Institute for Sustainable Technologies 8200 Gleisdorf, Austria 9

10 New Generation Solar Cooling & Heating Systems (PV or solar thermally driven systems) - Task 53 National Energy Day, Lisbon November 15, 2018 Daniel Mugnier (TECSOL), Task 53 Operating Agent

11 Background Global cooling demand is growing due to Global economy, population growth Climate change OECD/IEA (2018): The Future of Cooling. Several initiatives and policies on cooling F-gas regulation COP 21 (Paris Agreements) Sustainable Development Goal #7 Mission innovation: challenge #7 Chinese government 2% goal for solar thermal cooling within

12 The Future of Cooling - Implications & opportunities energy efficiency (IEA) On current trends, energy needs for space cooling almost entirely in the form of electricity will more than triple between 2016 and 2050, driven mainly by the residential sector (2 000 TWh => TWh) Most of the projected growth in energy use for cooling is set to come from India, China and other emerging economies. Space cooling is set to overtake appliances and plug loads to become the single largest user of electricity in buildings (2015:10% ; 2050 : 30%) and the second largest electrical end use after industrial motors. The share of cooling in electricity demand increases everywhere bar China and most notably in India and Brazil, where the potential for increased use of air conditioners is greatest. 12

13 Future cooling demand OECD/IEA efficiency scenario Component level: SEER 8.5 by 2050 Measures on building level are possible but limited Source: OECD/IEA (2018) The Future of Cooling 13

14 Possible Solutions Several solar supported solutions are available Source: Henning et al. (2013) Solar Cooling Handbook 14

15 Status of solar cooling Components are available but Still a niche market : 1,350 systems installed worldwide (2015) On system level there is still lack of Source: Solem Consulting / TECSOL efficient, reliable and cost competitive SHC solutions Technical : Limit on adaptability due to hydraulics, complexity Economical : High initial investment cost, especially for small systems Huge potential for innovation Heat rejection / electric consumption / costs new generation of PV and ST SHC 15

16 Current trends Compact (small scale) solar air conditioning units with air- cooled ab- and adsorption chillers x.n stage chillers (half, single, 1.N, double, triple) with (new) middle temperature collectors Small scale and large multi stage desiccant systems with solar thermal collectors or desiccant coated components Thermal driven heat pump systems for heating and cooling, also in hybrid operation with vapor compression chillers PV & inverter controlled split units (Small size) PV driven components with new HP/chillers with natural refrigerants 16

17 Innovative companies Overview by IEA SHC Task 53 SOLABCOOL (NL) 4,5 kwc no claim for completeness! 17

18 PV COOLING project PV + INVERTER + R290 chiller Self consumption > 80% fully autonomous systems possible EERsol Ready for the market via demos.. 18

19 Compact DEC-system Freescoo is an innovative solar DEC air conditioning concept designed for ventilation, cooling, dehumidification and heating of buildings in residential and tertiary sectors Use of the Cooled Packed Bed (CPB) technology and high efficiency evaporative cooling concepts Low grade solar heat (50-60 C) to drive the cooling process High global electrical efficiency (Typical EER >10) Preassembled and ready to be installed Cooling capacity 2,5 kw, scalability possible Selected for the Brochure 2018 of the EeB PPP Promising Technologies Freescoo is a patented solution by the startup company SOLARINVENT 19

20 Large Scale SHC Solar conversion factor 2011 to % Specific cost 2011 to % 20

21 Successful design Summary of experiences / lesson's learned General findings 10 key principles The Solar Cooling Design Guide, Case Studies of Successful Design 3 examples Scientific background Solar Energy Paper Literature in context of Task48 Recent literature review Expert survey j.solener /

22 Assessment from Task 53 Solar cooling and heating can be complex Solar Thermal or Photovoltaic driven System design & configurations (backups, storages, ) Demands (domestic hot water, space cooling, ) Assessment in a common comparable format energetic, ecological, economic, evaluation T53E4 Assessment Tool Assessment based on (monthly) energy balances Measured or simulated (sub) system Data base for Technical and Economic assessment 22

23 Task 53 overview examples Analyses of 28 SHC best practice examples Wide range of applications, capacity, location ST and PV supported systems Unified technical and economic Assessment T53E4-Tool Same boundary conditions Comparison to standardized conventional reference system Non-renewable Primary Energy savings (fsav.nre) Cost Ratio (CR) Trend & sensitivity analyses 23

24 Task 53 overview examples Relative Cost vs. relative savings 24

25 Task 53 overview examples Non-renewable Primary Energy Savings 40-80% CostRatios << 1 are possible 25

26 Technical report on best practices for energy storage including both efficiency and adaptability in solar cooling systems Autarky and self-consumption of the PVHP system (left) and specific remaining grid fee in after selfconsumption (right), source ZAE Bayern) Installed PV peak power varying, PV peak power related to the rated electrical power of the heat pump 26

27 LCA and Techno-ECO Analysis ELISA Tool (Excel) ELISA User Manual All Final tools and reports to be available on Task 53 website within December

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