Net Zero Energy Installations

Transcription

1 Net Zero Energy Installations NREL/PIX NREL/PIX Sam Booth World Renewable Energy Forum 17 May 2012

2 2 Key Points A net zero energy installation (NZEI) is one that produces as much energy from on-site renewable sources as it consumes NZEI assessment provides a systematic approach to energy projects NREL/PIX Goal of analysis is to lead to project implementation DoD is leading the way and has great potential NREL/PIX 08699

3 3 Background DoD Energy $3.5B in facility energy FY09 2 B square feet Average EUI M acres of land (1.2% of U.S.) Baseline Current energy consumption Energy Efficiency Retrofit improvement potential New construction design optimization Renewable Energy Deployment of renewable energy Electrical Systems Interconnection and microgrid Transportation Reduce and replace fossil fuel use Energy Load ($ or btu or CO2) Typical Community buildings vehicles industry Maximize efficiency, minimize demand Option 0 Energy Efficiency and Energy Demand Reduction Renewable Option 1 Renewable Option 2 Renewable Option 3 Some combination of options 1, 2 & 3 meet remaining load NREL/PIX 14955

4 4 NREL NZEI Project Locations ORNG West Point FHL SIAD Parks U.S. AFA Ft. Carson Ft. Detrick NSF Kwajalein Miramar Ft. Bliss K-Bay MARFORRES PTA

5 NREL Campus A NZEI Model World Class, High-Efficiency Buildings Onsite Renewable Generation ~1.95 MW onsite PV Research Support Facility Solar Vehicle Charging Station 720 KW Mesa Top Array Science & Technology Facility 3 Megawatt-scale research turbines 270% of the site s power needs National Renewable Energy Laboratory 5 Renewable Fuels Heating Plan Offsets 4.8 MBtu Natural Gas Annually

6 Army Net Zero Site Selection NREL support to develop program, application, and reviews 53 Installations applied for NZ Energy, water, and waste Opportunity to make a significant impact on energy use! Army ($4 B and 295 T BTU annually) Currently in the assessment phase Net Zero is a Force Multiplier National Renewable Energy Laboratory 6

7 Army Wind Resource National Renewable Energy Laboratory 7

8 8 Example Results: Site-Specific Studies

9 Real Property (One size doesn t fit all) 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Square Feet 2,000 1,500 1, # Of Buildings EUI % Change EUI 2003/ Note: Kwajalien % change is 517% National Renewable Energy Laboratory 9

10 Sample Analysis From Miramar National Renewable Energy Laboratory 10 Baseline Annual Energy Usage Information Electricity (kwh) 66,543,615 Natural Gas (therms) 1,316,149 Fuel (Gallons) Gasoline 89,500 Diesel 10,000 Biodiesel 31,000 Comp. Natural Gas 45,000 Building Portfolio Breakdown Microgrid Operation with PV and Generators Other 37% Housing 19% Hangar 12% Power (kw) 1,200 AC Primary Load PV Pow er Generators Pow er Brig 2% Garage 3% Warehouse 18% Office 9% January 1

11 11 Renewable Energy Process Start with screening tools Conduct further analysis of promising technologies Make recommendations Data Needs Available buildings and land for siting of renewable energy projects Site technology restrictions (e.g., not interested in biomass project due to truck security concerns) Analysis tools GIS resource screening tools Renewable Energy Optimization (REO), PV Watts, IMBY, RET Screen, Solar Analysis Model (SAM), etc. Considerations Think outside the standard tool box fuel cells, microturbines, solar pools, etc. Renewable Energy Optimization (REO) REO finds the least-cost combination of renewable energy technologies to meet net zero goal Optimization Life Cycle Cost Algorithm PV Wind Biomass Daylighting Geographical Information System (GIS) Data Utility Data from Platts Inc. Incentive Data from DSIREUSA.ORG City Cost Adjustments from RS Means & Co. National Renewable Energy Laboratory 11 Concentrating Solar Power Solar Water Heat

12 12 MCAS Miramar NZEI Summary Results: 90% NZEI source Btu reduction Final Source BTU Generation/Displacement/Reduction Mix by Energy System Type Implementation 20-year project lifetime analysis Capital costs ~$60M $26 million in savings NPV of $6.7 million Landfill gas and fuel cell PPA s ESPC and appropriations for other projects Daylighting 1% Solar Water Heating Nat. Gas 1% Energy Eff. 2% Concentrating Solar Power 1% Fuel Cell Natural Gas Load Reduction 7% Fleet 1% Elec. Energy Eff. 11% Microturbines 1% Grid Natural Gas 8% Fuel Cell Electrical Energy Generation 28% PV 9% Landfill Gas 30%

13 13 Fort Carson NZEI Summary Results: 95% NZEI source Btu reduction Implementation 35-year simple payback Cost: $842 million NPV (40yr): $96 million Renewable Fleet, 1% GSHP, 26% Non- Renewable Fleet, 1% Natural Gas, 7% Efficiency, 24% Project Development Support Through Army NZEI Program Solar Hot Water, 1% Solar Vent Preheat, 2% Biomass Heat, 8% CSP, 9% Wind, 3% PV-ground mount, 5% PV-rooftop, 6% PVcarport, 6%

14 Project Implementation Planning National Renewable Energy Laboratory 14 Site Where will the project be located Proximity to grid and thermal hosts Resource Available land Years of life left at landfill Off-take Who will buy the power and/or thermal energy Levelized costs Permits Interconnection Emissions limits for criteria pollutants Technology Technical performance goals (MWh per year, time of delivery, cost) Willingness to take technology risk Team Who is the technology partner/developer Capital Ownership structure

15 15 NREL s CORE Microgrid Continually Optimized Reliable Energy (CORE) Design Process

16 Complexities of Net Zero Water, Energy, and Waste Energy Water Net Zero Installation Waste Water, energy, and waste are interconnected in complicated ways Energy requires water to produce Water requires energy to treat and transport Waste requires energy to transport and can be used to create energy National Renewable Energy Laboratory 16

17 17 Thank You! - samuel.booth@nrel.gov