Cheap and Sustainable Biomass Working Package 3 LSBL II

Transcription

1 Cheap and Sustainable Biomass Working Package 3 LSBL II Biogas- and biorefinery platforms in Denmark & Europe - Where to find and how to utilize Cheap Carbon Sources by Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen, Ph.D. - et al. Head of Center for Bioenergy og Green Engineering Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark jhn@et.aau.dk 1

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3 Energy potential of pig and cattle manure in EU-27 Total manure Biogas Methane Potential Potential [10 6 tons] [10 6 m 3 ] [10 6 m 3 ] [PJ] [Mtoe] 1,578 31,568 20, Methane heat of combustion: 40.3 MJ/m 3 ; 1 Mtoe = 44.8 PJ Assumed methane content in biogas: 65% Biogas Production & Forecast: Actual 2010 production of biogas in EU 27: 10 Mtoe EU forecast 15 Mtoe Manure potentials Mtoe Organic waste and byproducts Mtoe Crops and crop residuals Mtoe Total long term forcast Biogas 60 Mtoe Biogas can cover 1/3 of EU s total RES 20% demands year

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5 GIS Mapping of Manure in Europe. CALCULATED IN UNITS: 1000T TS TO THE LEFT & MILLION TONNES OF OIL EQL. MTOE AT RIGTH 5

6 CHEAP CARBON SOURCES EUROPEAN DETAILED GIS MAPPING LEFT: GRASSLAND PRODUCTS AVAILABLE 2030 UNITS MTOE RIGHT: STRAW PRODUCTS AVAILABILITY 2030 UNITS MTOE SOURCE: JBHN-AKM, AAU,DK 6

7 Biorefineries Comparison of the basic principles of the petroleum refinery and the biorefinery, Source: Kamm et al Two-platform biorefinery concept Source: NREL 2006, Biomass Programm, DOE/US] 7

8 Energy unit: PJ Biomass + Waste Windpower Solarpower ~0 ~5 ~10 -photovoltaic ~0 ~1 ~4 -passive ~0 ~4 ~6 Hydropower ~0 ~0 ~ ? -Wave ~0 ~0 ~0 Geothermal ~0 0,5 0,5 Fossil fuels Total consumption VE pct. +/ ,2% 17,6% 19,4% 23,8% 27.9% % Source; JBHN Centre for Bioenergy, AAU, Esbjerg , & Energistyrelsen, Årlig Energistatistik ENS. 8

9 Biogas and biogas + separation, upgrading facilities Animal manure from farming problems to society resources! 9

10 Biogas Redistribution and treatment facilities Organic fertilizer plants Bioslurry, biofibres and other biomasses. Redistribution and surplus treatment as organic fertilizer sale products Electricity, heat and transportation fuels Water environment, Climate combat and odour reduction Further treatment of fibres Digested fibre incineration /gasification Increased utilisation of biogas Local and further distances from the biogas plants gas CHP utilisation and the transport sector * Biogas are biorefinery platforms step 1. - This is the future challenge Need fast tracks, by all new projects Joint biogas plants New plants (examp.) 10

11 Universities: Companies: Network partners: Køng-Lundby Biogas

12 Potential from unutilised grass production from agricultural land Uncertainties: - Grass yields (DK ) - Different systems for feeding! - Differences in data level! G R A S S F O R B I O E N E R G Y P A G E 12 D E P A R T M E N T O F E N E R G Y T E C H N O L O G Y A A L B O R G U N I V E R S I T E T E S B J E R G

13 Engen er agerens moder (Meadows - the mother of arable land) Meadow Livestock Manure Crops 13

14 Meadow Livestock Crops Meadow Biogas plant Crops Energy

15 Energy Biodiversity Nature conservation- Biogas projects Environment 15

16 Benefits Production of Renewable Energy Alternative to fossil fuel Prevents leaching of nutrients Recycling of nutrients to croplands Potential for organic/ecological fertilizer Preserves the open landscape Increase in biodiversity Recreational value will increase 16

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23 Querstromzerspanungstechnik Fa. MEWA z.t. Werkbilder Fa. MEWA 23

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25 MEC konceptet Udnyttelse af synergi i råvareomsætning og procesanlæg Transportbrændstof Biogas El & varme Biomasse 2 G. Bioethanol Biomasse Kraftvarme VE - gas Gødning

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33 Light Cooking of Wheat straw Left Ambient temp 1 h. Middle; 1 h, 90dgC. Right; 1 h, 100dgC. 33

34 Batch-Tests with Different Treatments of a Post-Digester Liquid of a Maize-Biogas Plant. No Foreign Seed Sludge: 300 g Treated by Mixer (Green) or Temperature (1h 70 C lower, 1h 121 C, upper Red) or Both (Mixer +1h 70 C, upper Red), 200 g Untreated (Blue) SOURCE: PAUL SCHERER, HAMBURG RESEARCH CENTER FOR BIOMASS UTILIZATION, BIOGAS LAB. HAMBURG UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCE (HAW) 2017

35 NGF-Holsted deep-litter Feeding system, 2 X-choppers (Xergi),

36 Developing flexible straw feeding. Poldanor, Poland,

37 FULL-FEEDER MIXING SYSTEM SYSTEM VOGELSANG: SOLIDS CHOPPED AND MIXED INTO LIQUIDS. RIBE BIOGAS A/S,

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39 Conclusion: - ongoing technology development Cheap carbon sources; identify feedstocks on biogaslocation regional. But it has to be cheap and sustaiable! Manure of any kind; including solid manure types. Grassland products from nature, extensive & intensiv farming Straw and lignocellulosic byproducts incl. bagasse etc. Organic food waste and organic wasted byproducts, close loops, quality standards for recycling org. fertilizers Industrial organic waste streams and byproducts. Recycling but caretaking Aquatic algaes macro/micro & byproducts (have to be developed 39

40 Thank you for your attention! Have fruitful days during the Meetings, study-tour and workshop Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen, M.Sc., Ph.D. et al. Head of Esbjerg Energy Section Department of Energy Technology, Head of Center for Bioenergy and Green Engineering Aalborg University Esbjerg Campus Niels Bohrsvej 8, DK-6700 Esbjerg Denmark. Phone: