Joint owner of the research company Profu Research leader of the waste management group at Chalmers University of Technology , Ph.D

Transcription

1 Joint owner of the research company Profu Research leader of the waste management group at Chalmers University of Technology , Ph.D Profu Profu was established 1987 and has since then been an independent research and consultant company. The company works with strategic analysis within the fields of energy and waste management and has today 20 employees.

2 What contribution can waste to energy make to the new EU targets for 2020 The new EU targets for 2020 What can waste to energy options do to fulfill these targets? - Conclusions from the report - Waste-to-Energy 6 th Beacon conference, November Malmö What makes energy recovery from waste so effective?

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4 Some important waste, energy and climate goals in EU. The four goals for % greenhouse gas reduction 20 % increase in the share of renewables in energy consumption 20 % decrease in energy consumption 10 % share of biofuels in transport fuel consumption Waste Framework Directive Waste Hierarchy Recycling goals R1 formula, etc Landfill Directive Biodegradable fraction of MSW allowed to be landfilled - 75 % (by July 2006) - 50 % (by July 2009) - 35 % (by July 2016) etc.

5 Target: 20 % greenhouse gas reduction by 2020 The Community has made a commitment to achieve at least 20 % reduction of green house gas emissions by 2020 compared to 1990 (Decision No 406/2009/EG). Each member state shall by 2020 limit its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in relation to its GHG emissions in Each Member states reduction target is based on the principle of solidarity between Member States and the need for sustainable economic growth across the Community, taking into account the relative per capita GDP of Member States.

6 Potential contribution from waste to energy plants to EU:s target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Share of target (%) EU target: To achieve at least 20 % reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 compared to 1990 (Decision No 406/2009/EC) EU target 31% Potential contribution from waste to energy plants Note: Other waste management goals are fulfilled, e.g. material recyling. The presented potential for energy plants uses waste that otherwise would have been landfilled

7 Potential contribution from waste to energy plants to EU:s target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Share of target (%) EU target: To achieve at least 20 % reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 compared to 1990 (Decision No 406/2009/EC) % 15% is gained from avoiding landfilling. 16% is gained from replacing fossil fuels 0 EU target Potential contribution from waste to energy plants

8 Share of MSW that is landfilled (%) Over 150 Mtonnes waste was sent to landfilling in EU27 in 2006! Values are calculated by Profu from official statistics, Eurostat etc.

9 Bulgaria Romania Lithuania Malta Poland Cyprus Latvia Greece Czech Republic Slovakia Hungary Slovenia Ireland Estonia Portugal Spain United Kingdom Finland Treatment of Municipal Waste in 2007 [%] Italy France Luxembourg Austria Denmark Sweden Belgium Netherlands Germany EU 27 Composted Recycled Incinerated Landfilled Source: Eurostat 2009

10 Potential contribution from waste to energy plants to EU:s target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Share of target (%) % reduction of GHG by % 35% 27% 10 0 EU target Potential contribution Maximum contribution Maximum incineration but with lower energy production

11 Average electricity and heat production from incineration plants in Europe. Useful energi per tonne MSW incinerated Note: The diagram would show higher values if incineration of industrial waste also were included in the calculation. Sweden would then reach just above 3 MWh/ton. 3,0 [MWh/tonne MSW incinerated Electricity 2,5 Heat 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0

12 Fossil fuels Waste Other Fuels used in production of district heat and electricity in combined heat and power plants in The size of the circle corresponds to the total amount of used fuel. Waste includes MSW and other waste while the group other includes solid biofuels, waste heat, electricity, geothermal energy and peat. Source: Euroheat and Power (2007), data revised by Profu

13 [%] Waste fuels in DH (and electricity in CHP) Market share of district heating The share of fuels from waste (includes MSW and other waste) used in the production of district heat (DH) and electricity in combined heat and power plants (CHP) in 2005 (blue bars). The market share of district heating compared to the total heat market in 2005 (black dots), data missing for Belgium. Source: Euroheat and Power (2007), data revised by Profu.

14 Potential contribution from waste to energy plants to EU:s target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Share of target (%) % reduction of GHG by % 35% 27% 10 14% 0 EU target Potential contribution Maximum contribution Maximum incineration but with lower energy production Contribution based on historical expansion rate

15 CO2 emissions from waste management Results from a case study for the city Gothenburg

16 kg CO2-eq/tonne MSW A B C D E F G Sweden G - 800

17 kg CO2-eq/tonne MSW A B C D E F G Gothenb. Sweden G - 800

18 kg CO2-eq/tonne MSW A B C D E F G

19 Target: 20 % increase in the share of renewable energy in final energy consumption by 2020 The Community has set a target to increase the share of renewable energy in final energy consumption to 20 % by 2020 compared to the consumption The target has been transformed into individual targets for each Member State based on factors such as: the starting point, renewable energy potential, existing level of energy from renewable sources, energy mix and GDP. Wind Solar Biomass Waste Hydro Geothermal

20 Target: 20 % increase in the share of renewable energy in final energy consumption by 2020 Individual targets for each Member State

21 Potential contribution from waste to energy plants to EU:s target to increase the use of renewable energy. Share of target (%) EU target: Increase the share of renewable energy in final energy consumption to 20% by 2020 compared to the consumption (Directive 2009/28/EC) EU target 17% Potential contribution from waste to energy plants

22 Potential contribution from waste to energy plants to EU:s target to increase the use of renewable energy. Share of target (%) % increase of renewable energy consumption by 2020 EU target 17% Potential contribution 21% Maximum contribution 13% Maximum incineration but with low energy production 7% Contribution based on historical expansion rate

23 Profu Götaforsliden 13, nedre Mölndal /8390