The Urban Nexus. Integrated Resource Management. (Water / Energy / Food Security / Land Use) in Asian Cities:

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1 Integrated Resource Management (Water / Energy / Food Security / Land Use) in Asian Cities: The Urban Nexus 1 st Phase nd Phase Financed by: BMZ (German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation & Development) Implemented by: GIZ German International Cooperation Political Partner: United Nations Economic & Social Commission Asia Pacific Implementation Partner: ICLEI South Asia South East Asia page 1

2 Mongolia Ulaanbaatar ( Inhab.) China Rizhao ( Inhab.) Weifang/Binhai Development Zone (9.000,000/ 150,000 Inhab.) India Rajkot (1.286,678 Inhab.) Nagpur (2.405,665 Inhab.) Thailand Bangkok ( Inhab.) Korat (180,000 Inhab.) Chiang Mai (150,000 Inhab.) Vietnam Da Nang (1.029,000 Inhab.) Philippines Santa Rosa (330,000 Inhab.) Naga City (180,000 Inhab.) Indonesia Jakarta (10,075,310 Inhab.) Pekanbaru (1.000,000 Inhab.) Tanjung Pinang ( Inhab.) page 2

3 Rationale Demand for fresh water, energy and food will rise between 40-50% by 2030 Security of supply in one sector is inextricably linked to security of supply in each of the other two sectors. Cities Cities consume over two-thirds of the world s energy and account for more than 70% of global CO2 emissions 90% of the world s urban areas are coastal, putting cities at high risk from the impacts of climate change (C ) More than 80% of annual global climate change adaptation costs arise in cities (World Bank 2010) Cities play a leadership role in driving global action to address climate change! page 3

4 Approach highlights: the interdependencies between water, energy and food security the synergies and competing uses of water, land and energyrelated resources. a fundamental shift, from a sectoral to a cross-sectoral, integrated approach the Nexus approach challenges existing structures, sector policies and procedures. The three "supply securities" water, energy and food to be protected and used in a balanced manner. page 4

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6 Water and energy interconnected For nearly all types of energy production (coal, geothermal, hydro, oil and gas, nuclear) huge amounts of water are required; On average 15% of the world s total water withdrawals are used for energy production; Energy is the dominant cost factor in the provision of water and wastewater services Energy can account for up to 30% of total operating costs of water and waste water utilities.. Robert C. Brears is the author of Urban Water Security (Wiley) page 6

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8 Objective: Create resilient cities (economically, socially, ecologically, politically) through: Physical infrastructure (innovative technologies & standards) (hard-ware), semidecentralized, cross sectoral infrastructure projects (grounded): o Solid waste to energy & water reuse, o Waste water to energy, reuse of water, nutrients o Reduction of water losses o Energy Efficiency of buildings, energy savings, renewable energies Social infrastructure (soft ware): all inclusive cities, people-centered development ( leave no one behind ), holistic/integrated planning/system, decentralization along subsidiarity principles, empowerment of cities as key drivers of development Within the framework: Circular (green) economy approach, return/reuse/recycle/recover, tariff issues are crucial (consumption-oriented, cost covering) page 9

9 THE URBAN NEXUS as action-oriented guiding principle! Integrated cross - sectorial system approach within the vision of a circular economy and international agendas Graph adapted from German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik page 10

10 Linear Economy take Water Mining/Minerals Energy Parts manufacturer make Product manufacturer Service provider Waste-water Collection only partially Waste-water treatment only partially dispose Consumer User Solid waste pick up 07/05/2018 Discharge into rivers, lakes & sea Landfill page 11

11 Circular Economy with Energy & Mass Flow Cycles Biological cycle return return take make Water Mining/Minerals Energy Parts manufacturer return Technical cycle Horticulture Agriculture return Product manufacturer return Service provider Energy generation Biogas Service/Irrigation water Grey-water treatment Anaerobic digestion dispose Black-water separation Waste-water collection Landfill Consumer User Solid waste pick up Source separation Reuse/ redistribute Maintenance/ Repair Recycle Refurbish/ Remanufacture Nexus intervention area Refuse-derived fuel Energy generation page 12

12 Technical Areas focused on: Energy & Material Cycle of Solid Waste Solid Waste to Energy Solid Waste to Water DON T WASTE THE WASTE Recycling of Solid Waste/Valuables page 13

13 New Formats 35 practically oriented nexus infrastructure (pilot) projects elaborated in the Nexus partner cities amounting to an investment volume of USD 460 million CAPEX (pre- and feasibility studies also including OPEX). VERICAL INTEGRATION National sub-national-local dialogues HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION Inter-communal reaching economies of scale; Organizational structures for clustering required Inclusion of academia Peer-to-peer learning, south-south dialogue Nexus Training (A Training Toolkit for integrated resource management in Asian cities) page 14

14 New Formats page 15

15 Thank you! "We can not solve problems with the same level of thinking that created them Albert Einstein page 16