EGS Update Annex III September 21, 2103

Transcription

1 US Geothermal R&D: Implications for Future Development EGS Update Annex III September 21, 2103 Glass Buttes, OR (DOE) Jay Nathwani, EGS Annex Leader Program Energy Efficiency Name or & Ancillary Renewable TextEnergy 1

2 Agenda Introduction to Annex Tasks Global EGS Landscape DOE approach and strategies on EGS EGS Field Observatory FORGE Update on the USA EGS Field Demos Sorry, I can not be here with you, but I am offering you a better deal. You have a better presenter than me, Dr. Steve Bauer 2

3 Annex III Tasks A. Geothermal Energy Resource, Reserve & Depletion Estimates - Barry Goldstein A. Dr.Graeme Beardsmore completed the paper and posted on IEA-GIA website B. Technology Crossover between Hydrothermal and Engineered Geothermal Systems Ormat/Ezra and Ann Robertson-Tait A. Paper is under development C. Data Acquisition and Processing Transferred to Annex X D. Reservoir Evaluation in reformulation stage E. Field Studies of EGS -J. Muller A. On-going 3

4 Current Global EGS Landscape Newberry Volcano Bend, Oregon AltaRock Energy/DOE 24 MWt ECOGI Buntsandstein Germany 4 MW Insheim Insheim, Germany BRADY S HOT SPRINGS Churchill County, NV Ormat/DOE Germany France United States 1.5 MW KiGam Pohang Field South Korea S Korea RAFT RIVER Raft River, Idaho University of Utah/DOE Commercial 2.9 MWe/3 MWt Landau Landau in der Pfalz Germany 1.7 MW Desert Peak Churchill County, Nevada Ormat/DOE Under Development Announced 1.5 MW Soultz Kutzenhausen, France 5 MW The Geysers Middletown, California Calpine Corporation/DOE Demonstration Australia 1 MW Habanero Cooper Basin Australia 4

5 Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) Facies Concept A Physico-Mechanical Continuum? 5

6 EGS Field Observatory -FORGE The USA Vision and Objectives WHAT? Promote transformative science and engineering to: Validate and optimize EGS technology Address key barriers Ensure deep understanding and reproducibility for commercial scale-up WHY? Test technologies/take technical risks not possible in private sector Gather and disseminate comprehensive highfidelity data sets 6 Reservoir Access New well geometries and concepts, optimized drilling Reservoir Creation Characterize local stress, zonal isolation, novel fracturing methods, increase fractured volume per well Productivity Increase flow rates without excessive pressure needs or flow localization Sustainability Maintain productivity with minimal thermal drawdown and water losses

7 Core Program Focus EGS Demonstration Projects The Geysers, CA Desert Peak, NV Well head Newberry, OR Newberry, OR Performer Project Site Site Information Stimulation Timeline Funding Ormat Technologies Inc. DesertPeak, NV Adjacent to existing hydrothermal sites Successful stimulation commercial, gridconnected, 1.7 MWe $ 4.3 M Geysers Power Company, LLC The Geysers, CA Reopentwo existing wells to deepen for injection and stimulation Successful stimulation, 5 MWescale $ 6.2 M University of Utah Raft River, ID Improve the performance of the existing Raft River geothermal field FY13 stimulation starting 10/2013 $ 8.9 M Ormat Technologies Inc. Bradys Hot Springs, NV Improve the performance of the existing Brady s geothermal field FY13 stimulation starting 9/2013 $ 3.4 M AltaRock Energy Inc. Newberry Volcano, OR High potential in an area without existing geothermal development Successful stimulation $ 21.4 M NakNek Electric Association NakNek, AK Locatedin remote location in Alaska without existing geothermal development Project closeout $ 12.4 M 7

8 The Geysers: Approach Approach Blank liner is run through the normal temperature reservoir 465 o F. Injection water is delivered directly to the high temperature reservoir (HTR) below 8500 where temperatures are up to 750 o F. Injected water falls to the bottom under a surface vacuum of -13 psig. Control Valve Water Flow Prati 32 Well Diagram Not to Scale A standing water column with a hydraulic head of about 1500 psi. Target rate for long-term injection in P-32 may be in the range of 500 gpm to 700 gpm. Micro-fracture development at Geysers EGS relies primarily on thermal effects, not pressure effects (as used in hydrofracturing) Top of High Temperature Reservoir To Production Well(s) 8 Top of Standing Water Column 8

9 The Geysers: Accomplishments & Results Preliminary Well Analysis: Prati State 31 Producer Well Head Pressure: Increase from 323 psi to 465 psi ~90% Non-Condensable Gas Concentration Reduction ~80% of Steam Production Santa Rosa Geysers Recharge Project (SRGRP) derived 1 ~3.25 MW of Potential Additional Production Capacity ~3.25 MW of Potential Additional Production Capacity Prati 25 Producer Well Head Pressure: Increase from 345 psi to 365 psi ~85% Non-Condensable Gas Concentration Reduction ~45% of Steam Production SRGRP derived 1 1 Isotopic Analysis ~1.75 MW of Potential Additional Production Capacity ~5 MW of Potential Additional Production Capacity created by Geysers EGS Project 9 9

10 Desert Peak, NV Approach Project Objectives: Demonstrate the application of EGS techniques in a Basin and Range setting in Nevada: Seeks to enhance or create permeability in a subsurface environment that is common in the region Proven hydrothermal reservoir adjacent to the Brady- Desert Peak Geothermal power complex: Temperatures > 210 C Fluid entries at 1,000m and 1,400m Stimulating between m Current plant generating 11 MWe-goal is to increase production by 1-2 MWe Status Updates: Initial stimulation procedures were performed August April 2011 with clear indications that the reservoir volume increased, the target well flow rate was increased from nearly zero to hundreds of gallons per minute Reopened and propagated fractures at high pressures and injection rates (in the direction of the maximum horizontal compressive stress) which were able to reach and slip pre-existing fractures in the far-field reservoir that were prone to shear failure, yielding additional permeability increases. Tracer tests completed, inter-well communication is apparent Ormat team performed a hydraulic pulse stimulation in late 2011, high flow rate stimulation in January 2013, and a long-term stimulation below fracture propagation pressure in March 2013 Ormat is detailing their stimulation in a n upcoming report and updated reservoir model and sustainability study 10 DOE: $4,953,982 Total project cost: $7,579,682 Desert Peak (Source: Ormat Nevada, Inc) Project Period:

11 Desert Peak Accomplishments & Results Desert Peak Stimulation Activity Summary Duration Injection rate (GPM) WHP (PSI) Injectivity (GPM/PSI) Targeted Injectivity (GPM/PSI) Starting Point 8/1/10 <4 > Shear stimulation 8/1/10-2/10/11 ~ Chemical stimulation 2/10/11-2/17/11 ~ Controlled hydro Shear Medium flow rate 4/1/11-4/10/ , fold 0.7 Controlled hydro Shear High flow rate 4/10/11-4/23/ Pulse Stimulation 10/26/11-10/29/11 1,000 1, High Flow Rate Stimulation 1/16/13-1/20/13 1, Post-high-flow rate hydro-shear conditions 2/16/13-3/18/ MEQ events were recorded throughout the stimulation stages Over the course of all stimulation stages a max flow rate of 1,600 gpm was achieved and the overall injectivity was increased by 175-fold, exceeding the project goal 11

12 Bradys Hot Springs, NV (Ormat Nevada, Inc.) Project Objectives: Increase power production at Brady s power plant and characterize low permeability area of field: Temperatures >400 F Increase current production (14MW) by 2-3 MW Stimulating wells in the southwestern part of geothermal field, along the extension of the Brady s fault south of the production area Target well, used as either production well (directly adding additional power) or injection well (sweeping more heat toward existing production wells Completed to 5096 ft in fractured meta-tuff Test and validate hydraulic and chemical stimulation techniques to improve well productivity and inter-well connectivity Evaluate connectivity with tracer tests, interference testing DOE: $4,482,796 Total project cost: $6,375,264 Status Updates: Project Period: The Ormat-Bradys project received a conditional "go" decision for Phase II (Well Stimulation) of the project as a result of the stage gate meeting in July Ormat has already satisfied the condition for proceeding by providing a discussion on the estimated volume of rock that is to be stimulated based on existing information. Stimulation design is complete and ready to implement Stimulation activities are expected in mid-september 12

13 Raft River, ID: Approach Project Objectives: Project will develop improved methods for creating permeable fracture volumes in EGS reservoirs: Employ a staged stimulation program to document the growth of fracture volume in creating and sustaining a reservoir Improve performance of the Raft River geothermal field Current reservoir at Raft River: Reservoir temperature ~ C Reservoir depth ~1,271-1,828 m Stimulate well that not currently connected to the reservoir Plant currently producing 11.5 MW DOE: $7,391,766 Total Project Costs: $10,558,415 (U.S. Geothermal, Inc.) Status Updates: Project Period: In March 2012, University of Utah successfully completed well rework, minifrac, and televiewerlogging operations on the target well. First stage of stimulation plan (low pressure, cold water injection) is currently underway Seismic array is currently collecting valuable microseismic data to help geologists understand reservoir evolution DTS data is currently being collected and analyzed to better understand where water in entering the formation Second stage of stimulation (high pressure, cold water injection) is planned for late September 13

14 Raft River: The Stimulation Plan Hydraulic Fracture-RRG-4 14

15 Thank you Questions? Comments? Contact Jay Nathwaniat US DOE or 15