1. Introduction. 2. Scope of the Monitoring. 2.1 Stations and Parameters

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1 Surface water and Wastewater Quality Monitoring in Chiangmai, Thailand. 1. Introduction Integrated resource Management in Asian cities: the Urban Nexus has assigned SGS (Thailand) Limited to conducted surface water and wastewater quality monitoring in Chiangmai, Thailand. The sampling is operated on 14 th March The details of these monitoring are as below. 2. Scope of the Monitoring 2.1 Stations and Parameters The details of stations and parameters of surface water and wastewater quality in Chiangmai, Thailand are shown in Table SGS (Thailand) Limited 100 Nanglinchee Road, Chongnonsee Yannawa Bangkok t (66-2) f (66-2)

2 Table Parameters and stations for surface water and wastewater quality in Chiangmai, Thailand. Sampling Date Frequency Locations Parameters Mae Kha-before run into Mae Ping -Temperature - ph - Dissolved Oxygen 14/03/ times / day 1 time / day Kanchanapisek Public Park Rattanakosin Bridge Discharge from Maharaj hospital s wastewater treatment system - Biochemical Oxygen demand - Chemical Oxygen demand - Phosphate (PO 3- ) - Nitrate - Nitrite - Total coliform - Fecal coliform 2.2 Sampling and Analytical Methods Surface Water will be sampling follow best international practices such as prescribed in Government of Western Australia Field sampling guidelines : A guideline for field sampling for surface water quality monitoring programs quality monitoring, January The analytical methods followed to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, recommended by APHA-AWWA-WEF. -2-

3 3. Reference Standards The reference surface water and wastewater standards are established in the Thailand surface water and wastewater standard regulations as follows: 1) Regulation of Royal Irrigation Department No.883/2532 : Protection and revision of discharge which low quality into irrigation stream and other connected runoff in the area of irrigation project, December 19, ) Notification of the National Environmental Comittee, Issue No.8 (2537) Surface water quality standards regulation. 3) Notification of Ministry of National resource and environment, Discharge water from municipal wastewater treatment system quality standards regulation (2553). 4. Results of Surface water and Wastewater Quality Monitoring Surface water and wastewater quality monitoring was conducted at 4 stations in Chiangmai, Thailand on 14 th March The details of stations and sample test results are shown in Table Mae Kha-before run into Mae Ping This station was taken surface water sample for 3 times a day. The temperature were in the range of degree celcius, ph were in the range of , Dissolved oxygen were in the range of mg/l, BOD were in the range of mg/l, COD were in the range of mg/l, Phosphate were in the range of mg/l, Nitrate were in the range of mg/l, Nitrite were less than 0.02 mg/l all 3 times, Total Coliform Bacteria and Fecal Coliform Bacteria were exceed the standards all 3 times and they were in very high value form the standards. Kanchanapisek Public Park This station was taken surface water sample for 3 times a day. The temperature were in the range of degree celcius, ph were in the range of , Dissolved oxygen were in the range of mg/l, BOD were in the range of mg/l, COD were in the range of mg/l, Phosphate were in the range of mg/l, Nitrate were in the range of mg/l, Nitrite were less than 0.02 mg/l all 3 times, Total Coliform Bacteria and Fecal Coliform Bacteria were exceed the standards all 3 times and they were in very high value form the standards. -3-

4 Rattanakosin Bridge Surface water and Wastewater Quality Monitoring in Chiangmai, Thailand. This station was taken surface water sample for 3 times a day. The temperature were in the range of degree celcius, ph were in the range of , Dissolved oxygen were in the range of mg/l, BOD were in the range of mg/l, COD were in the range of mg/l, Phosphate were in the range of mg/l, Nitrate were in the range of mg/l, Nitrite were less than 0.02 mg/l all 3 times, Total Coliform Bacteria and Fecal Coliform Bacteria were exceed the standards all 3 times and they were in very high value form the standards. Discharge from Maharaj hospital s wastewater treatment system This station was taken surface water sample for 1 times a day. The temperature was 28.7 degree celcius, ph is 6.74, Dissolved oxygen was 1.4 mg/l, BOD was 74.0 mg/l, COD was 133 mg/l, Phosphate was 4.28 mg/l, Nitrate was 0.81 mg/l, Nitritewas less than 0.02 mg/l, Total Coliform Bacteria and Fecal Coliform Bacteria were exceed the standards and they were in very high value form the standards. When comparing the results of all 4 stations with the standards, it was found that most the results was complied with the standards except in some parameters such as DO and BOD which exceed some standards (depend on classification of water sample source). Total Coliform Bacteria and Fecal Coliform Bacteria which exceed all standards. -4-

5 Table 4-1 The results of water quality monitoring at Mae Kha-before run into Mae Ping on 14 th March Results Standards Parameters Units LOQ 05:00 11:05 17:00 Irrigation 1/ Surface water 2/ Treated 3/ Temperature o C N N N N N - - ph N Dissolved Oxygen mg/l N BOD mg/l N COD mg/l N Phosphate (PO 3- ) mg/l N NO 3 -N (Nitrate) mg/l N NO 2 -N (Nitrite) mg/l 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < N Total coliform MPN/ - 540, , , ,000 20, Fecal coliform MPN/ - 350, , , ,000 4, Remarks : - Analysis Methods followed to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, recommended by APHA-AWWA-WEF. - LOQ = Limit of Quantitation - N: As Natural - N :Temperature not different from natural over 3 degreecelcius - : Not less than - M : Million Sources : 1/ Regulation of Royal Irrigation Department No.883/2532 : Protection and revision of discharge which low quality into irrigation stream and other connected runoff in the area of irrigation project, December 19, / Notification of the National Environmental Comittee, Issue No.8 (2537) Surface water quality standards regulation. 3/ Notification of Ministry of National resource and environment, Discharge water from municipal wastewater treatment system quality standards regulation (2553) -5-

6 Table 4-2 The results of water quality monitoring at Kanchanapisek Public Park on 14 th March Results Standards Parameters Units LOQ 05:35 11:35 15:30 Irrigation 1/ Surface water 2/ Treated 3/ Temperature o C N N N N N - - ph N Dissolved Oxygen mg/l N BOD mg/l N COD mg/l N Phosphate (PO 3- ) mg/l N NO 3 -N (Nitrate) mg/l N NO 2 -N (Nitrite) mg/l 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < N Total coliform MPN/ - > 1.6 M. > 1.6 M > 1.6 M - - 5,000 20, Fecal coliform MPN/ - > 1.6 M. 1.6 M 350, ,000 4, Remarks : - Analysis Methods followed to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, recommended by APHA-AWWA-WEF. - LOQ = Limit of Quantitation - N: As Natural - N :Temperature not different from natural over 3 degreecelcius - : Not less than - M : Million Sources : 1/ Regulation of Royal Irrigation Department No.883/2532 : Protection and revision of discharge which low quality into irrigation stream and other connected runoff in the area of irrigation project, December 19, / Notification of the National Environmental Comittee, Issue No.8 (2537) Surface water quality standards regulation. 3/ Notification of Ministry of National resource and environment, Discharge water from municipal wastewater treatment system quality standards regulation (2553) -6-

7 Table 4-3 The results of water quality monitoring at Rattanakosin Bridge on 14 th March Results Standards Parameters Units LOQ 06:00 12:00 16:25 Irrigation 1/ Surface water 2/ Treated 3/ Temperature o C N N N N N - - ph N Dissolved Oxygen mg/l N BOD mg/l N COD mg/l N Phosphate (PO 3- ) mg/l N NO 3 -N (Nitrate) mg/l N NO 2 -N (Nitrite) mg/l 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < N Total coliform MPN/ - 920,000 > 1.6 M. 1.6 M ,000 20, Fecal coliform MPN/ - 540, , , ,000 4, Remarks : - Analysis Methods followed to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, recommended by APHA-AWWA-WEF. - LOQ = Limit of Quantitation - N: As Natural - N :Temperature not different from natural over 3 degreecelcius - : Not less than - M : Million Sources : 1/ Regulation of Royal Irrigation Department No.883/2532 : Protection and revision of discharge which low quality into irrigation stream and other connected runoff in the area of irrigation project, December 19, / Notification of the National Environmental Comittee, Issue No.8 (2537) Surface water quality standards regulation. 3/ Notification of Ministry of National resource and environment, Discharge water from municipal wastewater treatment system quality standards regulation (2553) -7-

8 Table 4-4 The results of water quality monitoring at Discharge from Maharaj hospital s wastewater treatment system on 14 th March Standards Parameters Units LOQ Results Irrigation 1/ Surface water 2/ Treated 3/ Temperature o C N N N N N - - ph N Dissolved Oxygen mg/l N BOD mg/l N COD mg/l N Phosphate (PO 3- ) mg/l N NO 3 -N (Nitrate) mg/l N NO 2 -N (Nitrite) mg/l 0.02 < N Total coliform MPN/ - 1,600, ,000 20, Fecal coliform MPN/ - 1,600, ,000 4, Remarks : - Analysis Methods followed to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, recommended by APHA-AWWA-WEF. - LOQ = Limit of Quantitation - N: As Natural - N :Temperature not different from natural over 3 degreecelcius - : Not less than - M : Million Sources : 1/ Regulation of Royal Irrigation Department No.883/2532 : Protection and revision of discharge which low quality into irrigation stream and other connected runoff in the area of irrigation project, December 19, / Notification of the National Environmental Comittee, Issue No.8 (2537) Surface water quality standards regulation. 3/ Notification of Ministry of National resource and environment, Discharge water from municipal wastewater treatment system quality standards regulation (2553) -8-